<w lemma="%2Ata%5C">Τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="r%28hqe%2Fnta">ῥηθέντα</w> <w lemma="dedhlw%2Fkamen">δεδηλώκαμεν</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmena">λεγόμενα</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="e%29rou%3Dmen:">ἐροῦμεν·</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%2Fsanto">ἐχρήσαντο</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Azakanqai%2Fwn">Ζακανθαίων</w> <w lemma="a%29pwlei%2Fa%7C">ἀπωλείᾳ</w> <w lemma="qumo%2Fn:">θυμόν·</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgetai">λέγεται</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>.
<w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fban">Ἀσδρούβαν</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnas">γενομένας</w> <w lemma="o%28mologi%2Fas">ὁμολογίας</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29qethte%2Fon">ἀθετητέον</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29qa%2Frroun:">ἐθάρρουν·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="prose%2Fkeito">προσέκειτο</w>,
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="prosέkeito">προσέκειτο</w>, <w lemma="kaqάper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Alutatίou">Λυτατίου</w>, <w lemma="“kurίas">“κυρίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="taύtas">ταύτας</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="dήmw%7C">δήμῳ</w> <w lemma="dόch%7C">δόξῃ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmaίwn:”">Ῥωμαίων·”</w> <w lemma="a%29ll’">ἀλλ’</w> <w lemma="au%29totelw%3Ds">αὐτοτελῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29poiήsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="o%28mologίas">ὁμολογίας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdroύbas">Ἀσδρούβας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ai%28%3Ds">αἷς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>, <w lemma="“to%5Cn">“τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fibhra">Ἴβηρα</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="diabaίnein">διαβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polέmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdonίous”">Καρχηδονίους”</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikelίan">Σικελίαν</w> <w lemma="sunqήkais">συνθήκαις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fggrapton">ἔγγραπτον</w>, <w lemma="kaqάper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="ka%29kei%3Dnoί">κἀκεῖνοί</w> <w lemma="fasin">φασιν</w>, <w lemma="“u%28pάrxein">“ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29mfotέrwn">ἀμφοτέρων</w> <w lemma="summάxois">συμμάχοις</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par’">παρ’</w> <w lemma="e%28katέrwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="a%29sfάleian”">ἀσφάλειαν”</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="mόnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="tόte">τότε</w> <w lemma="summaxou%3Dsi">συμμαχοῦσι</w>, <w lemma="kaqάper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29poiou%3Dnto">ἐποιοῦντο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w>
<w lemma="e%29kdoxh%5Cn">ἐκδοχὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdόnioi:">Καρχηδόνιοι·</w>
<w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fteron">οὐδέτερον</w> <w lemma="e%29gra%2Ffh">ἐγράφη</w>, <w lemma="profane%5Cs">προφανὲς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsi">οὖσι</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="proslhfqhsome%2Fnois">προσληφθησομένοις</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w>.
<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntws">πάντως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%5Cs">εἰκὸς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="do%2Fceien">δόξειεν</w>. <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dh%2Fpou">δήπου</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmellon">ἔμελλον</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsesqai">ποιήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29felou%3Dntai">ἀφελοῦνται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fan">ἐξουσίαν</w> <w lemma="sfw%3Dn">σφῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="proslamba%2Fnein">προσλαμβάνειν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="kairou%2Fs">καιρούς</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="e%29pith%2Fdeioi">ἐπιτήδειοι</w> <w lemma="fanw%3Dsin">φανῶσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="fi%2Floi">φίλοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmmaxoi">σύμμαχοι</w>,
<w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="proslabo%2Fntes">προσλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fran">σφετέραν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="perio%2Fyesqai">περιόψεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2F">ὑπό</w> <w lemma="tinwn">τινων</w> <w lemma="a%29dikoume%2Fnous:">ἀδικουμένους·</w>
<w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frwn">ἀμφοτέρων</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fxon">συνέχον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29nnoi%2Fas">ἐννοίας</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkais">συνθήκαις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frois">ἀμφοτέροις</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="a%29fe%2Fcesqai">ἀφέξεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frous">ἑτέρους</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frwn">ἑτέρων</w> <w lemma="e%29pide%2Fcesqai%2F">ἐπιδέξεσθαί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w>,
<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="proslhfqhsome%2Fnwn">προσληφθησομένων</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w>, <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="cenologei%3Dn">ξενολογεῖν</w> <w lemma="mh%2Ft%27">μήτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pita%2Fttein">ἐπιτάττειν</w> <w lemma="mhdete%2Frous">μηδετέρους</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="e%29parxi%2Fais">ἐπαρχίαις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fais">συμμαχίαις</w>, <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w>.
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<head>The Roman Case For War</head>I have explained the pleas advanced by the Carthaginians; I must now state what is alleged on the contrary by the Romans, For though it is true that in this particular interview, owing to their anger at the fall of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a>, they did not use these arguments, yet they were appealed to on many occasions, and by many of their citizens.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note52">The Roman case.</note>First, they argued that the treaty of Hasdrubal could not be ignored, as the Carthaginians had the assurance to do: for it did not contain the clause, which that of Lutatius did, making its validity conditional on its ratification by the people of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>; but Hasdrubal made the agreement absolutely and authoritatively that "the Carthaginians should not cross the Iber in arms."Next they alleged that the clause in the treaty respecting <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a>, which by their own admission stipulated that "the allies of neither party should be attacked by the other," did not refer to then existing allies only, as the Carthaginians interpreted it; for in that case a clause would have been added, disabling either from making new alliances in addition to those already existing, or excluding allies, taken subsequently to the making of the<pb n="191" />treaty, from its benefits. But since neither of these provisions was made, it was plain that both the then existing allies, and all those taken subsequently on either side, were entitled to reciprocal security. And this was only reasonable. For it was not likely that they would have made a treaty depriving them of the power, when opportunity offered, of taking on such friends or allies as seemed to their interest; nor, again, if they had taken any such under their protection, was it to be supposed that they would allow them to be injured by any persons whatever. But, in fact, the main thing present in the minds of both parties to the treaty was, that they should mutually agree to abstain from attacking each other's allies, and on no account admit into alliance with themselves the allies of the other: and it was to subsequent allies that this particular clause applied, "Neither shall enlist soldiers, or impose contributions on the provinces or allies of the other; and all shall be alike secure of attack from the other side."
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Walbank Commentary