Polybius, Histories

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Book 2 - Chapter 22

1
<w lemma="%2Adio%2Fper">Διόπερ</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgista">μέγιστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29qnw%3Dn">ἐθνῶν</w>, <w lemma="to%2F">τό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aboi%2Fwn">Βοίων</w>, <w lemma="sumfronh%2Fsanta">συμφρονήσαντα</w> <w lemma="diepe%2Fmponto">διεπέμποντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodano%5Cn">Ῥοδανὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="katoikou%3Dntas">κατοικοῦντας</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftas">Γαλάτας</w>, <w lemma="prosagoreuome%2Fnous">προσαγορευομένους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="misqou%3D">μισθοῦ</w> <w lemma="strateu%2Fein">στρατεύειν</w> <w lemma="%2Agaisa%2Ftous:">Γαισάτους·</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fcis">λέξις</w> <w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="shmai%2Fnei">σημαίνει</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fws">κυρίως</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="basileu%3Dsi">βασιλεῦσι</w> <w lemma="%2Akogkolita%2Fnw%7C">Κογκολιτάνῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anhroe%2Fstw%7C">Ἀνηροέστῳ</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xrusi%2Fou">χρυσίου</w> <w lemma="protei%2Fnantes">προτείναντες</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fntes">ὑποδεικνύντες</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgeqos">μέγεθος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="eu%29daimoni%2Fas">εὐδαιμονίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28parco%2Fntwn">ὑπαρξόντων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29gaqw%3Dn">ἀγαθῶν</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="krath%2Fswsi">κρατήσωσι</w>, <w lemma="proetre%2Fponto">προετρέποντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parw%2Fcunon">παρώξυνον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fan">στρατείαν</w>.
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<w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeisan">ἔπεισαν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnois">προειρημένοις</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fntes">διδόντες</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pista%5C">πιστὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fas">συμμαχίας</w>, <w lemma="a%29namimnh%2Fskontes">ἀναμιμνήσκοντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="progo%2Fnwn">προγόνων</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcews">πράξεως</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs:">αὐτούς·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> '<w lemma="kei%3Dnoi">κεῖνοι</w> <w lemma="strateu%2Fsantes">στρατεύσαντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fkhsan">ἐνίκησαν</w> <w lemma="maxo%2Fmenoi">μαχόμενοι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Fdou">ἐφόδου</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsxon">κατέσχον</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn:">Ῥώμην·</w>
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<w lemma="geno%2Fmenoi">γενόμενοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fntwn">ἁπάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29gkratei%3Ds">ἐγκρατεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%28pta%5C">ἑπτὰ</w> <w lemma="mh%3Dnas">μῆνας</w> <w lemma="kurieu%2Fsantes">κυριεύσαντες</w>, <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="e%29qelonti%5C">ἐθελοντὶ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fritos">χάριτος</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fntes">παραδόντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fqraustoi">ἄθραυστοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="a%29sinei%3Ds">ἀσινεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="w%29fe%2Fleian">ὠφέλειαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w> <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dlqon">ἐπανῆλθον</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fontes">ἀκούοντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnes">ἡγεμόνες</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftw">οὕτω</w> <w lemma="parwrmh%2Fqhsan">παρωρμήθησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fan">στρατείαν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fpote">μηδέποτε</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="mh%2Ft%27">μήτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29ndocote%2Frous">ἐνδοξοτέρους</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="maximwte%2Frous">μαχιμωτέρους</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="e%29celqei%3Dn">ἐξελθεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Agalati%2Fas">Γαλατίας</w>.
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<w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fontes">ἀκούοντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="katamanteuo%2Fmenoi">καταμαντευόμενοι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbous">φόβους</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fpipton">ἐνέπιπτον</w> <w lemma="sunexei%3Ds">συνεχεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="taraxa%5Cs">ταραχὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w>,
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<w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpeda">στρατόπεδα</w> <w lemma="katagra%2Ffein">καταγράφειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="si%2Ftou">σίτου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdei%2Fwn">ἐπιτηδείων</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%2Fs">παρασκευάς</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29ca%2Fgein">ἐξάγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frous">ὅρους</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntwn">παρόντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>, <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fpw">οὐδέπω</w> <w lemma="kekinhko%2Ftwn">κεκινηκότων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fas">οἰκείας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fxista">ἐλάχιστα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Frghsen">συνήργησεν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fnhma">κίνημα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kataskeua%2Fsasqai">κατασκευάσασθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalw%3Ds">ἀσφαλῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fsqen">πρόσθεν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhtai">εἴρηται</w>, <w lemma="kri%2Fnontes">κρίνοντες</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkaio%2Ftera">ἀναγκαιότερα</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="pleurai%3Ds">πλευραῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="parora%3Dn">παρορᾶν</w> <w lemma="h%29nagka%2Fzonto">ἠναγκάζοντο</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w>, <w lemma="spouda%2Fzontes">σπουδάζοντες</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="kalw%3D%7C">καλῷ</w> <w lemma="qe%2Fsqai">θέσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltou%2Fs">Κελτούς</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalisa%2Fmenoi">ἀσφαλισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fban">Ἀσδρούβαν</w> <w lemma="o%28mologiw%3Dn">ὁμολογιῶν</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="dedhlw%2Fkamen">δεδηλώκαμεν</w>, <w lemma="e%29nexei%2Frhsan">ἐνεχείρησαν</w> <w lemma="o%28moqumado%5Cn">ὁμοθυμαδὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w>, <w lemma="nomi%2Fzontes">νομίζοντες</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Frein">συμφέρειν</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="diakriqh%3Dnai">διακριθῆναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w>.
<head>Several Gallic Tribes Join Forces</head>Accordingly the two most extensive tribes, the Insubres<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note64">B. C. 231</note>and Boii, joined in the despatch of messengers to the tribes living about the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> and on the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhone&groupId=933&placeId=1667">Rhone</a>, who from a word which means "serving for hire," are called Gaesatae. To their kings Concolitanus and Aneroetes they offered a large sum of gold on the spot; and, for the future, pointed out to them the greatness of the wealth of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, and all the riches of which they would become possessed, if they took it. In these attempts to inflame their cupidity and induce them to join the expedition against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> they easily succeeded. For they added to the above arguments pledges of their own alliance; and reminded them of the campaign of their own ancestors in which they had seized <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> itself, and had been masters of all it contained, as well as the city itself, for seven months; and had at last evacuated it of their own free will, and restored it by an act of free grace, returning unconquered and scatheless with the booty to their own land. These arguments made the leaders so eager for the expedition, that there never at any other time came from that part of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a> a larger host, or one consisting of more notable warriors. Meanwhile, the Romans, informed of what was coming, partly by report and partly by conjecture, were in such a state of constant alarm and excitement, that they hurriedly enrolled legions, collected supplies, and sent out their forces to the frontier, as though the enemy were already in their territory, before the Gauls had stirred from their own lands.It was this movement of the Gauls that, more than anything else, helped the Carthaginians to consolidate their power in<pb n="120" />Iberia. For the Romans, as I have said, looked upon the Celtic question as the more pressing one of the two, as being so near home; and were forced to wink at what was going on in Iberia, in their anxiety to settle it satisfactorily first. Having, therefore, put their relations with the Carthaginians on a safe footing by the treaty with Hasdrubal, which I spoke of a short time back,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note65"><ref target="b2c13" targOrder="U">Ch. 13</ref>.</note>they gave an undivided attention to the Celtic war, convinced that their interest demanded that a decisive battle should be fought with them.