Polybius, Histories

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Book 2 - Chapter 22

1
<w lemma="%2Adio%2Fper">Διόπερ</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgista">μέγιστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29qnw%3Dn">ἐθνῶν</w>, <w lemma="to%2F">τό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aboi%2Fwn">Βοίων</w>, <w lemma="sumfronh%2Fsanta">συμφρονήσαντα</w> <w lemma="diepe%2Fmponto">διεπέμποντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodano%5Cn">Ῥοδανὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="katoikou%3Dntas">κατοικοῦντας</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftas">Γαλάτας</w>, <w lemma="prosagoreuome%2Fnous">προσαγορευομένους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="misqou%3D">μισθοῦ</w> <w lemma="strateu%2Fein">στρατεύειν</w> <w lemma="%2Agaisa%2Ftous:">Γαισάτους·</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fcis">λέξις</w> <w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="shmai%2Fnei">σημαίνει</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fws">κυρίως</w>.
2
<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="basileu%3Dsi">βασιλεῦσι</w> <w lemma="%2Akogkolita%2Fnw%7C">Κογκολιτάνῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anhroe%2Fstw%7C">Ἀνηροέστῳ</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xrusi%2Fou">χρυσίου</w> <w lemma="protei%2Fnantes">προτείναντες</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fntes">ὑποδεικνύντες</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgeqos">μέγεθος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="eu%29daimoni%2Fas">εὐδαιμονίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28parco%2Fntwn">ὑπαρξόντων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29gaqw%3Dn">ἀγαθῶν</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="krath%2Fswsi">κρατήσωσι</w>, <w lemma="proetre%2Fponto">προετρέποντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parw%2Fcunon">παρώξυνον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fan">στρατείαν</w>.
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<w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeisan">ἔπεισαν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnois">προειρημένοις</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fntes">διδόντες</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pista%5C">πιστὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fas">συμμαχίας</w>, <w lemma="a%29namimnh%2Fskontes">ἀναμιμνήσκοντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="progo%2Fnwn">προγόνων</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcews">πράξεως</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs:">αὐτούς·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> '<w lemma="kei%3Dnoi">κεῖνοι</w> <w lemma="strateu%2Fsantes">στρατεύσαντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fkhsan">ἐνίκησαν</w> <w lemma="maxo%2Fmenoi">μαχόμενοι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Fdou">ἐφόδου</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsxon">κατέσχον</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn:">Ῥώμην·</w>
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<w lemma="geno%2Fmenoi">γενόμενοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fntwn">ἁπάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29gkratei%3Ds">ἐγκρατεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%28pta%5C">ἑπτὰ</w> <w lemma="mh%3Dnas">μῆνας</w> <w lemma="kurieu%2Fsantes">κυριεύσαντες</w>, <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="e%29qelonti%5C">ἐθελοντὶ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fritos">χάριτος</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fntes">παραδόντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fqraustoi">ἄθραυστοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="a%29sinei%3Ds">ἀσινεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="w%29fe%2Fleian">ὠφέλειαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w> <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dlqon">ἐπανῆλθον</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fontes">ἀκούοντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnes">ἡγεμόνες</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftw">οὕτω</w> <w lemma="parwrmh%2Fqhsan">παρωρμήθησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fan">στρατείαν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fpote">μηδέποτε</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="mh%2Ft%27">μήτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29ndocote%2Frous">ἐνδοξοτέρους</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="maximwte%2Frous">μαχιμωτέρους</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="e%29celqei%3Dn">ἐξελθεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Agalati%2Fas">Γαλατίας</w>.
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<w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fontes">ἀκούοντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="katamanteuo%2Fmenoi">καταμαντευόμενοι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbous">φόβους</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fpipton">ἐνέπιπτον</w> <w lemma="sunexei%3Ds">συνεχεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="taraxa%5Cs">ταραχὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w>,
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<w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpeda">στρατόπεδα</w> <w lemma="katagra%2Ffein">καταγράφειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="si%2Ftou">σίτου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdei%2Fwn">ἐπιτηδείων</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%2Fs">παρασκευάς</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29ca%2Fgein">ἐξάγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frous">ὅρους</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntwn">παρόντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>, <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fpw">οὐδέπω</w> <w lemma="kekinhko%2Ftwn">κεκινηκότων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fas">οἰκείας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fxista">ἐλάχιστα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Frghsen">συνήργησεν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fnhma">κίνημα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kataskeua%2Fsasqai">κατασκευάσασθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalw%3Ds">ἀσφαλῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fsqen">πρόσθεν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhtai">εἴρηται</w>, <w lemma="kri%2Fnontes">κρίνοντες</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkaio%2Ftera">ἀναγκαιότερα</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="pleurai%3Ds">πλευραῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="parora%3Dn">παρορᾶν</w> <w lemma="h%29nagka%2Fzonto">ἠναγκάζοντο</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w>, <w lemma="spouda%2Fzontes">σπουδάζοντες</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="kalw%3D%7C">καλῷ</w> <w lemma="qe%2Fsqai">θέσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltou%2Fs">Κελτούς</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalisa%2Fmenoi">ἀσφαλισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fban">Ἀσδρούβαν</w> <w lemma="o%28mologiw%3Dn">ὁμολογιῶν</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="dedhlw%2Fkamen">δεδηλώκαμεν</w>, <w lemma="e%29nexei%2Frhsan">ἐνεχείρησαν</w> <w lemma="o%28moqumado%5Cn">ὁμοθυμαδὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w>, <w lemma="nomi%2Fzontes">νομίζοντες</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Frein">συμφέρειν</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="diakriqh%3Dnai">διακριθῆναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w>.
The two largest tribes, therefore, the Insubres and Boii, made a league and sent messengers to the Gauls dwelling among the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> and near the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhone&groupId=933&placeId=1667">Rhone</a>, who are called Gaesatae because they serve for hire, this being the proper meaning of the word.
They urged and incited their kings Concolitanus and Aneroëstus to make war on <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, offering them at present a large sum in gold, and as to the future, pointing out to them the great prosperity of the Romans, and the vast wealth that would be theirs if they were victorious.
They had no difficulty in persuading them, as, in addition to all this, they pledged themselves to be loyal allies and reminded them of the achievement of their own ancestors,
who had not only overcome the Romans in combat, but, after the battle, had assaulted and taken <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> itself,
possessing themselves of all it contained, and, after remaining masters of the city for seven months, had finally given it up of their own free will and as an act of grace, and had returned home with their spoil, unbroken and unscathed.
When the kings had been told all this, they became so eager for the expedition that on no occasion has that district of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a> sent out so large a force or one composed of men so distinguished or so warlike.
All this time, the Romans, either hearing what was happening or divining what was coming, were in such a state of constant alarm and unrest,
that at times we find them busy enrolling legions and making provision of corn and other stores, at times marching to the frontier, as if the enemy had already invaded their territory, while as a fact the Celts had not yet budged from their own country.
This movement of the Gauls contributed in no small measure to the rapid and unimpeded subjugation of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Spain&groupId=983&placeId=1735">Spain</a> by the Carthaginians;
for the Romans, as I said above, regarded this matter as of more urgency, since the danger was on their flank, and were compelled to neglect the affairs of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Spain&groupId=983&placeId=1735">Spain</a> until they had dealt with the Gauls.
They therefore secured themselves against the Carthaginians by the treaty with Hasdrubal, the terms of which I stated above, and threw their whole effort into the struggle with their enemies in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, considering it their main interest to bring this to a decisive conclusion.