Polybius, Histories

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Book 5 - Chapter 65

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<w lemma="dunon">δυνον</w>. <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fas">ἡγεμονίας</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fkastoi">ἕκαστοι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnwn">προειρημένων</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fas">οἰκείας</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fais">ἰδίαις</w> <w lemma="e%29mpeiri%2Fais">ἐμπειρίαις</w>.
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<w lemma="%2Aeu%29ru%2Floxos">Εὐρύλοχος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fgnhs">Μάγνης</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="trisxili%2Fwn">τρισχιλίων</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kaloume%2Fnou">καλουμένου</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="basileu%3Dsin">βασιλεῦσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29gh%2Fmatos">ἀγήματος</w>, <w lemma="%2Aswkra%2Fths">Σωκράτης</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aboiw%2Ftios">Βοιώτιος</w> <w lemma="peltasta%5Cs">πελταστὰς</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaio%5Cs">Ἀχαιὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Afoci%2Fdas">Φοξίδας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqrase%2Fou">Θρασέου</w>, <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29andro%2Fmaxos">Ἀνδρόμαχος</w> [<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w>] <w lemma="%2A%29aspe%2Fndios">Ἀσπένδιος</w>, <w lemma="sunegu%2Fmnazon">συνεγύμναζον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%29to%5C">ταὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flagga">φάλαγγα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous">μισθοφόρους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnas">Ἕλληνας</w>,
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<w lemma="h%28gou%3Dnto">ἡγοῦντο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggos">φάλαγγος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29andro%2Fmaxos">Ἀνδρόμαχος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="%2Afoci%2Fdas">Φοξίδας</w>, <w lemma="ou%29%2Fshs">οὔσης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggos">φάλαγγος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="dismuri%2Fous">δισμυρίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%29ktakisxili%2Fous">ὀκτακισχιλίους</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29lh%2Fn">αὐλήν</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28ptakosi%2Fous">ἑπτακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="%2Apolukra%2Fths">Πολυκράτης</w> <w lemma="pareskeu%2Faze">παρεσκεύαζε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhs">Λιβύης</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29gxwri%2Fous:">ἐγχωρίους·</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="trisxili%2Fous">τρισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntwn">ὄντων</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29riqmo%2Fn">ἀριθμόν</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Fs">τούς</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fdos">Ἑλλάδος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29exekra%2Fths">Ἐχεκράτης</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqettalo%5Cs">Θετταλὸς</w> <w lemma="diafero%2Fntws">διαφερόντως</w> <w lemma="a%29skh%2Fsas">ἀσκήσας</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="megi%2Fsthn">μεγίστην</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fsxeto">παρέσχετο</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29deno%5Cs">οὐδενὸς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dtton">ἧττον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fspeude">ἔσπευδε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="tattome%2Fnous">ταττομένους</w> <w lemma="%2Aknwpi%2Fas">Κνωπίας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29allariw%2Fths">Ἀλλαριώτης</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="%2Akrh%3Dtas">Κρῆτας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="trisxili%2Fous">τρισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="%2Aneo%2Fkrhtas">Νεόκρητας</w>, <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%29teta%2Fxei">ἐτετάχει</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flwna">Φίλωνα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aknw%2Fsion">Κνώσιον</w>.
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<w lemma="kaqw%2Fplisan">καθώπλισαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbuas">Λίβυας</w> <w lemma="trisxili%2Fous">τρισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoniko%5Cn">Μακεδονικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w>, <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ammw%2Fnios">Ἀμμώνιος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Abarkai%3Dos">Βαρκαῖος</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29gupti%2Fwn">Αἰγυπτίων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="dismuri%2Fous">δισμυρίους</w> <w lemma="falaggi%2Ftas">φαλαγγίτας</w>, <w lemma="u%28peta%2Ftteto">ὑπετάττετο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aswsibi%2Fw%7C">Σωσιβίῳ</w>.
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<w lemma="sunh%2Fxqh">συνήχθη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%7Ckw%3Dn">Θρᾳκῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Agalatw%3Dn">Γαλατῶν</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w>, <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="katoi%2Fkwn">κατοίκων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pigo%2Fnwn">ἐπιγόνων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tetrakisxili%2Fous">τετρακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prosfa%2Ftws">προσφάτως</w> <w lemma="e%29pisunaxqe%2Fntes">ἐπισυναχθέντες</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="%2Adionu%2Fsios">Διονύσιος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%3D%7Cc">Θρᾷξ</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28h">Ἡ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fw%7C">Πτολεμαίῳ</w> <w lemma="paraskeuazome%2Fnh">παρασκευαζομένη</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamis">δύναμις</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="diaforai%3Ds">διαφοραῖς</w> <w lemma="tosau%2Fth">τοσαύτη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w>
<head>Reform of the Egyptian Army</head>All these officers, too, had commands in the army suited to their particular accomplishments. Eurylochus of magnesia commanded about three thousand men of what were called in the royal armies the Agema, or Guard; Socrates of Boeotia had two thousand light-armed troops under him; while the Achaean Phoxidas, and Ptolemy the son of Thraseas, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Andromachus&groupId=330&placeId=640">Andromachus</a> of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Aspendus&groupId=373&placeId=704">Aspendus</a> were associated in the duty of drilling the phalanx and the mercenary Greek soldiers on the same ground,—<a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Andromachus&groupId=330&placeId=640">Andromachus</a> and Ptolemy commanding the phalanx, Phoxidas the mercenaries; of which the numbers were respectively twenty-five thousand and eight thousand. The cavalry, again, attached to the court, amounting to seven hundred, as well as that which was obtained from Lybia or enlisted in the country, were being trained by Polycrates, and were under his personal command: amounting<pb n="417" />in all to about three thousand men. In the actual campaign the most effective service was performed by Echecrates of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Thessaly&groupId=1028&placeId=1816">Thessaly</a>, by whom the Greek cavalry, which, with the whole body of mercenary cavalry, amounted to two thousand men, was splendidly trained. No one took more pains with the men under his command than Cnopias of Allaria. He commanded all the Cretans, who numbered three thousand, and among them a thousand Neo-Cretans,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note126">See above,<ref target="b5c5" targOrder="U">ch. 5</ref>, note.</note>over whom he had set Philo of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cnossus&groupId=482&placeId=904">Cnossus</a>. They also armed three thousand Libyans in the Macedonian fashion, who were commanded by Ammonius of Barce. The Egyptians themselves supplied twenty thousand soldiers to the phalanx, and were under the command of Sosibius. A body of Thracians and Gauls was also enrolled, four thousand being taken from settlers in the country and their descendants, while two thousand had been recently enlisted and brought over: and these were under the command of Dionysius of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Thrace&groupId=1030&placeId=509">Thrace</a>. Such in its numbers, and in the variety of the elements of which it was composed, was the force which was being got ready for Ptolemy.