Polybius, Histories

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Book 32 - Chapter 2

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<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dkon">ἧκον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Adhmhtri%2Fou">Δημητρίου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amhnoxa%2Frhn">Μηνοχάρην</w>, <w lemma="ste%2Ffanon">στέφανον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fwn">μυρίων</w> <w lemma="xrusw%3Dn">χρυσῶν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="komi%2Fzontes">κομίζοντες</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="prosene%2Fgkanta">προσενέγκαντα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Agnai+%2Fw%7C">Γναΐῳ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgontes">ἄγοντες</w>.
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<w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5Cn">πολὺν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="dihpo%2Frhse">διηπόρησε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fsasqai">χρήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w>,
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<w lemma="o%28%2Fmws">ὅμως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prosede%2Fcato">προσεδέξατο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ste%2Ffanon:">στέφανον·</w> <w lemma="tou%2Fs">τούς</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29gome%2Fnous">ἀγομένους</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpous">ἀνθρώπους</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="prosede%2Fcato">προσεδέξατο</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%2Ftoi">καίτοι</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="%2Adhmh%2Ftrios">Δημήτριος</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Alepti%2Fnhn">Λεπτίνην</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fsteile">ἀπέστειλε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%2Fxeira">αὐτόχειρα</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Agnai+%2Fou">Γναΐου</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenon">γενόμενον</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29isokra%2Fthn">Ἰσοκράτην</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="grammatiko%5Cs">γραμματικὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29kroa%2Fseis">ἀκροάσεις</w> <w lemma="poioume%2Fnwn">ποιουμένων</w>, <w lemma="fu%2Fsei">φύσει</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%29%5Cn">ὢν</w> <w lemma="la%2Flos">λάλος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Frperos">πέρπερος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katakorh%5Cs">κατακορὴς</w> <w lemma="prose%2Fkopte">προσέκοπτε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhsin">Ἕλλησιν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alkai%3Don">Ἀλκαῖον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Asugkri%2Fsesin">Συγκρίσεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pideci%2Fws">ἐπιδεξίως</w> <w lemma="skwpto%2Fntwn">σκωπτόντων</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diaxleuazo%2Fntwn">διαχλευαζόντων</w>,
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<w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Asuri%2Fan">Συρίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katafronh%2Fsas">καταφρονήσας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="h%29rkei%3Dto">ἠρκεῖτο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdeuma%2Ftwn">ἐπιτηδευμάτων</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w>,
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<w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pragmatika%5Cs">πραγματικὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29pofa%2Fseis">ἀποφάσεις</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fbale">ἐξέβαλε</w>, <w lemma="fa%2Fskwn">φάσκων</w> <w lemma="di%2Fkaia">δίκαια</w> <w lemma="peponqe%2Fnai">πεπονθέναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agna%2Fion">Γνάιον</w>, <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29polwle%2Fnai">ἀπολωλέναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29ggelou%3Dnta">ἀγγελοῦντα</w> <w lemma="kataleifqh%3Dnai">καταλειφθῆναι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fs">γεγονός</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="pau%2Fswntai">παύσωνται</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28perhfa%2Fnwn">ὑπερηφάνων</w> <w lemma="e%29pitagma%2Ftwn">ἐπιταγμάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fdhn">ἀνέδην</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fas">ἐξουσίας</w>.
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<w lemma="toiau%3Dta">τοιαῦτα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="r%28iyologw%3Dn">ῥιψολογῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fpesen">ἐνέπεσεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnhn">προειρημένην</w> <w lemma="a%29tuxi%2Fan">ἀτυχίαν</w>.
<head>Massanissa Harasses the Carthaginians</head>Not long before this period Massanissa resolved to try<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note2">Between the second and third Punic wars Massanissa constantly encroached on Carthaginian territory. Both sides refer to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>,</note>his strength with the Carthaginians. He saw how numerous the cities built along the lesser Syrtis were, and noticed the excellence of the district which they call <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Emporia&groupId=564&placeId=1055">Emporia</a>, and he had long been casting an envious eye upon the revenues which those places produced. He quickly possessed himself of the open part of the country, because the Carthaginians were always averse from service in the field, and were at that time completely enervated by the long peace, But he<pb n="448" />was unable to get possession of the towns, because they were carefully guarded by the Carthaginians.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note3">and the Romans invariably support Massanissa.</note>Both parties then referring their case to the Roman Senate, and frequent embassies coming to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> from both sides, it always happened that the Carthaginians got the worst of it in the judgment of the Romans, not on the merits of the case, but because the judges were convinced that such a decision was in their interests.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note4">B.C. 193, cp.<bibl n="Liv. 34.62" default="NO" valid="yes">Livy, 34, 62</bibl>.</note>For instance, not many years before this Massanissa was himself at the head of an army in pursuit of Aphther, who had revolted from him, and asked permission of the Carthaginians to go through this territory, which they refused on the ground that it had nothing to do with him. Owing, however, to the decisions given at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> during this period, the Carthaginians were put into such difficulties that they not only lost the cities and territory, but had to pay besides five hundred talents as mesne profits from the district. And this was the origin of the present controversy.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note5">A more detailed statement of the controversies between <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> and Massanissa, fostered and encouraged by the Romans, is found in Appian,<bibl n="App. Pun. 67" default="NO" valid="yes"><title>Res Punicae,</title>67</bibl><foreign lang="la">sq.</foreign></note>. . .