<w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w>. <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="dianasta%2Fntwn">διαναστάντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fdras">ἐνέδρας</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fdwn">Νομάδων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prospeso%2Fntwn">προσπεσόντων</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Ffnw">ἄφνω</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="nw%2Ftou">νώτου</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29gwnizome%2Fnois">ἀγωνιζομένοις</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsa">μέσα</w>, <w lemma="mega%2Flhn">μεγάλην</w> <w lemma="taraxh%5Cn">ταραχὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusxrhsti%2Fan">δυσχρηστίαν</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w>.
<w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfo%2Ftera">ἀμφότερα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frata">κέρατα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Atebe%2Frion">Τεβέριον</w> <w lemma="piezou%2Fmena">πιεζούμενα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fswpon">πρόσωπον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w>, <w lemma="pe%2Fric">πέριξ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="plagi%2Fwn">πλαγίων</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanei%2Fas">ἐπιφανείας</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnwn">εὐζώνων</w>, <w lemma="e%29tra%2Fphsan">ἐτράπησαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunwqou%3Dnto">συνωθοῦντο</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="diwgmo%5Cn">διωγμὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokei%2Fmenon">ὑποκείμενον</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>.
<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sumba%2Fntos">συμβάντος</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fson">μέσον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w> <w lemma="taxqe%2Fntes">ταχθέντες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="e%29festw%3Dtes">ἐφεστῶτες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fdras">ἐνέδρας</w> <w lemma="prospeso%2Fntwn">προσπεσόντων</w> <w lemma="a%29pw%2Fllunto">ἀπώλλυντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Ds">κακῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpasxon">ἔπασχον</w>,
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="prw%2Ftas">πρώτας</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="e%29panagkasqe%2Fntes">ἐπαναγκασθέντες</w> <w lemma="e%29kra%2Fthsan">ἐκράτησαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="me%2Frous">μέρους</w> <w lemma="tino%5Cs">τινὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fwn">Λιβύων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29poktei%2Fnantes">ἀποκτείναντες</w> <w lemma="die%2Fkoyan">διέκοψαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fcin">τάξιν</w>.
<w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="kera%2Ftwn">κεράτων</w> <w lemma="e%29kpepiesme%2Fnous">ἐκπεπιεσμένους</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibohqei%3Dn">ἐπιβοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pie%2Fnai">ἀπιέναι</w> <w lemma="parembolh%5Cn">παρεμβολὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fgnwsan">ἀπέγνωσαν</w>, <w lemma="u%28forw%2Fmenoi">ὑφορώμενοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w>, <w lemma="kwluo%2Fmenoi">κωλυόμενοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifora%5Cn">ἐπιφορὰν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sustrofh%5Cn">συστροφὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="kefalh%5Cn">κεφαλὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fmbrou">ὄμβρου</w>.
<w lemma="throu%3Dntes">τηροῦντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w> <w lemma="a%28qro%2Foi">ἁθρόοι</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%2Fas">ἀσφαλείας</w> <w lemma="a%29pexw%2Frhsan">ἀπεχώρησαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Aplakenti%2Fan">Πλακεντίαν</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fwn">μυρίων</w>.
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dstoi">πλεῖστοι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29fqa%2Frhsan">ἐφθάρησαν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2F">ὑπό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w>,
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diafugo%2Fntes">διαφυγόντες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dston">πλεῖστον</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="su%2Fsthma">σύστημα</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenoi">ποιούμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29poxw%2Frhsin">ἀποχώρησιν</w> <w lemma="a%29nekomi%2Fsqhsan">ἀνεκομίσθησαν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Aplakenti%2Fan">Πλακεντίαν</w>.
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w> <w lemma="katadiw%3Dcan">καταδιῶξαν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w>, <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xeimw%3Dnos">χειμῶνος</w> <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenon">δυνάμενον</w> <w lemma="porrwte%2Frw">πορρωτέρω</w> <w lemma="probai%2Fnein">προβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dlqe">ἐπανῆλθε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parembolh%2Fn">παρεμβολήν</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh%7C">μάχῃ</w> <w lemma="perixarei%3Ds">περιχαρεῖς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="katwrqwko%2Ftes:">κατωρθωκότες·</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgous">ὀλίγους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibh%2Frwn">Ἰβήρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fwn">Λιβύων</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="a%29polwle%2Fnai">ἀπολωλέναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn:">Κελτῶν·</w>
<w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fmbrwn">ὄμβρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29piginome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγινομένης</w> <w lemma="xio%2Fnos">χιόνος</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="dieti%2Fqento">διετίθεντο</w> <w lemma="deinw%3Ds">δεινῶς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w> <w lemma="diafqarh%3Dnai">διαφθαρῆναι</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28no%2Fs">ἑνός</w>, <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fllusqai">ἀπόλλυσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="yu%3Dxos">ψῦχος</w>.
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<head>The Romans Retreat to Placentia</head>Just then the Numidians, who had been lying in<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note119">Both Roman wings defeated.</note>ambush, left their hiding-place, and by a sudden charge on the centre of the Roman rear produced great confusion and alarm throughout the army. Finally both the Roman wings, being hard pressed in front by the elephants, and on both flanks by the light-armed troops of the enemy, gave way, and in their flight were forced upon the river behind them. After this, while the centre of the Roman rear was losing heavily, and suffering severely from the attack of the Numidian ambuscade, their front, thus driven to bay, defeated the Celts and a division of Africans, and, after killing a large number of them, succeeded in cutting their way through the Carthaginian line. Then seeing that their wings had been forced off their ground, they gave up all hope of relieving them or getting back to their camp, partly because of the number of the enemy's cavalry, and partly because they were hindered by the river and the<pb n="234" />pelting storm of rain which was pouring down upon their heads.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note120">fights its way to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Placentia&groupId=907&placeId=1630">Placentia</a>.</note>They therefore closed their ranks, and made their way safely to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Placentia&groupId=907&placeId=1630">Placentia</a>, to the number of ten thousand. Of the rest of the army the greater number were killed by the elephants and cavalry on the bank of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Trebia&groupId=1044&placeId=1838">Trebia</a>; while those of the infantry who escaped, and the greater part of the cavalry, managed to rejoin the ten thousand mentioned above, and arrived with them at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Placentia&groupId=907&placeId=1630">Placentia</a>. Meanwhile the Carthaginian army pursued the enemy as far as the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Trebia&groupId=1044&placeId=1838">Trebia</a>; but being prevented by the storm from going farther, returned to their camp. They regarded the result of the battle with great exultation, as a complete success; for the loss of the Iberians and Africans had been light, the heaviest having fallen on the Celts. But from the rain and the snow which followed it, they suffered so severely, that all the elephants except one died, and a large number of men and horses perished from the cold.
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Walbank Commentary