Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 73

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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ba%2Fdhn">βάδην</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w>. <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fneggus">σύνεγγυς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntwn">ὄντων</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w>, <w lemma="suneple%2Fkhsan">συνεπλέκησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="prokei%2Fmenoi">προκείμενοι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fzwnoi">εὔζωνοι</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sumba%2Fntos">συμβάντος</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpous">τρόπους</w> <w lemma="h%29lattou%3Dnto">ἠλαττοῦντο</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="u%28perde%2Fcion">ὑπερδέξιον</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="pezakontistw%3Dn">πεζακοντιστῶν</w> <w lemma="kakopaqou%2Fntwn">κακοπαθούντων</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Frqrou">ὄρθρου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proeme%2Fnwn">προεμένων</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dsta">πλεῖστα</w> <w lemma="be%2Flh">βέλη</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fdas">Νομάδας</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%2Fn">συμπλοκήν</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kataleipome%2Fnwn">καταλειπομένων</w> <w lemma="belw%3Dn">βελῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29xreiwme%2Fnwn">ἠχρειωμένων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fxeian">συνέχειαν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="noti%2Fdos">νοτίδος</w>.
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<w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmpan">σύμπαν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w>.
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<w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxe">ὑπῆρχε</w> <w lemma="ta%29nanti%2Fa">τἀναντία</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn:">τούτων·</w> <w lemma="a%29kmai%3Doi">ἀκμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="paratetagme%2Fnoi">παρατεταγμένοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nealei%3Ds">νεαλεῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="eu%29xrh%2Fstws">εὐχρήστως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fcasqai">δέξασθαι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="diasthma%2Ftwn">διαστημάτων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="prokinduneu%2Fontas">προκινδυνεύοντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumpesei%3Dn">συμπεσεῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="bare%2Fa">βαρέα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplwn">ὅπλων</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="a%29p%27">ἀπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Dn">τοῖν</w> <w lemma="kera%2Ftoin">κεράτοιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fezon">ἐπίεζον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Frontes">διαφέροντες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29kmai%3Ds">ἀκμαῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnhn">προειρημένην</w> <w lemma="a%29keraio%2Fthta">ἀκεραιότητα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcodon:">ἔξοδον·</w>
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<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="u%28poxwrhsa%2Fntwn">ὑποχωρησάντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="yilwqe%2Fntwn">ψιλωθέντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggos">φάλαγγος</w> <w lemma="kera%2Ftwn">κεράτων</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%2F">οἵ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="logxofo%2Froi">λογχοφόροι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fdwn">Νομάδων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="u%28perai%2Frontes">ὑπεραίροντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="protetagme%2Fnous">προτεταγμένους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frata">κέρατα</w> <w lemma="prospi%2Fptontes">προσπίπτοντες</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="polla%5C">πολλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaka%5C">κακὰ</w> <w lemma="dieirga%2Fzonto">διειργάζοντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxesqai">μάχεσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fswpon">πρόσωπον</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fwn">εἴων</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="bare%2Fsin">βαρέσιν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="prw%2Ftas">πρώτας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsas">μέσας</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhs">ὅλης</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5Cn">πολὺν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29ma%2Fxonto">ἐμάχοντο</w> <w lemma="susta%2Fdhn">συστάδην</w>, <w lemma="e%29fa%2Fmillon">ἐφάμιλλον</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenoi">ποιούμενοι</w>
<head>The Battle of the Trebia</head>When the two forces came within distance, the lightarmed troops in front of the two armies<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note118">The Roman cavalry retreat.</note>closed with each other. In this part of the battle the Romans were in many respects at a disadvantage, while the Carthaginians had everything in their favour. For the Roman spearmen had been on hard<pb n="233" />service ever since daybreak, and had expended most of their weapons in the engagement with the Numidians, while those weapons which were left had become useless from being long wet. Nor were the cavalry, or indeed the whole army, any better off in these respects. The case of the Carthaginians was exactly the reverse: they had come on the field perfectly sound and fresh, and were ready and eager for every service required of them. As soon, therefore, as their advanced guard had retired again within their lines, and the heavy-armed soldiers were engaged, the cavalry on the two wings of the Carthaginian army at once charged the enemy with all the effect of superiority in numbers, and in the condition both of men and horses secured by their freshness when they started. The Roman cavalry on the contrary retreated: and the flanks of the line being thus left unprotected, the Carthaginian spearmen and the main body of the Numidians, passing their own advanced guard, charged the Roman flanks: and, by the damage which they did them, prevented them from keeping up the fight with the troops on their front. The heavy-armed soldiers, however, who were in the front rank of both armies, and in the centre of that, maintained an obstinate and equal fight for a considerable time.