Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 35

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<w lemma="%2A%29epitele%2Fsas">Ἐπιτελέσας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fna">προειρημένα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="paraxeimasi%2Fan">παραχειμασίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%2Fsas">παρασκευάσας</w> <w lemma="i%28kanh%5Cn">ἱκανὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fa%7C">Ἰβηρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w>, <w lemma="paragenome%2Fnhs">παραγενομένης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="taxqei%2Fshs">ταχθείσης</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w>, <w lemma="proh%3Dge">προῆγε</w>, <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%29nne%2Fa">ἐννέα</w> <w lemma="muria%2Fdas">μυριάδας</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fous">μυρίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diaba%5Cs">διαβὰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fibhra">Ἴβηρα</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="katestre%2Ffeto">κατεστρέφετο</w> <w lemma="to%2F">τό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ilourghtw%3Dn">Ἰλουργητῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Abargousi%2Fwn">Βαργουσίων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29rhnosi%2Fous">Αἰρηνοσίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29andosi%2Fnous">Ἀνδοσίνους</w> <w lemma="me%2Fxri">μέχρι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prosagoreuome%2Fnhs">προσαγορευομένης</w> <w lemma="%2Apurh%2Fnhs">Πυρήνης</w>.
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<w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenos">ποιησάμενος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28auto%5Cn">ἑαυτὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="kra%2Ftos">κράτος</w> <w lemma="e%28lw%2Fn">ἑλών</w>, <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fda">ἐλπίδα</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flwn">μεγάλων</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%2Fnwn">ἀγώνων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pollh%3Ds">πολλῆς</w> <w lemma="katafqora%3Ds">καταφθορᾶς</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w>,
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<w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fna">ἡγεμόνα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="kate%2Flipe">κατέλιπε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fde">τάδε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fannwna">Ἄννωνα</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Abargousi%2Fwn">Βαργουσίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="despo%2Fthn:">δεσπότην·</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="h%29pi%2Fstei">ἠπίστει</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w>.
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<w lemma="a%29peme%2Frise">ἀπεμέρισε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fannwni">Ἄννωνι</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fous">μυρίους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29poskeua%5Cs">ἀποσκευὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flipe">ἀπέλιπε</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="sunecormw%2Fntwn">συνεξορμώντων</w>.
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<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fluse">ἀπέλυσε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsous">ἴσους</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnois">προειρημένοις</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnous">εὔνους</w> <w lemma="a%29polipei%3Dn">ἀπολιπεῖν</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="loipoi%3Ds">λοιποῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fwn">ὑποδεικνύων</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fda">ἐλπίδα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="oi%29%3Dkon">οἶκον</w> <w lemma="e%29pano%2Fdou">ἐπανόδου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="meq%27">μεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%3D">ἑαυτοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="strateuome%2Fnois">στρατευομένοις</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dtton">ἧττον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="oi%29%2Fkw%7C">οἴκῳ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnousi">μένουσι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibh%2Frwn">Ἰβήρων</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="e%29cormw%3Dsi">ἐξορμῶσι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="pote%2F">ποτέ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29pikouri%2Fas">ἐπικουρίας</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fa">χρεία</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnhtai">γένηται</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loiph%5Cn">λοιπὴν</w> <w lemma="stratia%5Cn">στρατιὰν</w> <w lemma="a%29nalabw%5Cn">ἀναλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fzwnon">εὔζωνον</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pentakismuri%2Fous">πεντακισμυρίους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29nnakisxili%2Fous">ἐννακισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dgen">ἦγεν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Apurhnai%2Fwn">Πυρηναίων</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnwn">λεγομένων</w> <w lemma="o%29rw%3Dn">ὀρῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodanou%3D">Ῥοδανοῦ</w> <w lemma="kaloume%2Fnou">καλουμένου</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="xrhsi%2Fmhn">χρησίμην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gegumnasme%2Fnhn">γεγυμνασμένην</w> <w lemma="diafero%2Fntws">διαφερόντως</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sunexei%2Fas">συνεχείας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%2Fnwn">ἀγώνων</w>.
<head>Hannibal Crosses the Pyrenees</head>These measures satisfactorily accomplished while he was<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note61">B.C. 218. Hannibal breaks up his winter quarters and starts for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>.</note>in winter quarters, and the security of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a> and Iberia being sufficiently provided for; when the appointed day arrived, Hannibal got his army in motion, which consisted of ninety thousand infantry and about twelve thousand cavalry. After crossing the Iber, he set about subduing the tribes of the Ilurgetes and Bargusii, as well as the Aerenosii and Andosini, as far as the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pyrenees&groupId=921&placeId=1650">Pyrenees</a>. When he had reduced all this country under his power, and taken certain towns by storm, which he did with unexpected rapidity, though not without severe fighting and serious loss; he left Hanno in chief command of all the district north of the Iber, and with absolute authority over the Burgusii, who were the people that gave him most uneasiness on account of their friendly feeling towards <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>. He then detached from his army ten thousand foot and a thousand horse for the service of Hanno,—to whom also he entrusted the heavy baggage of the troops that were to accompany himself,—and the same number to go to their own<pb n="197" />land. The object of this last measure was twofold: he thereby left a certain number of well-affected persons behind him; and also held out to the others a hope of returning home, both to those Iberians who were to accompany him on his march, and to those also who for the present were to remain at home, so that there might be a general alacrity to join him if he were ever in want of a reinforcement. He then set his remaining troops in motion unencumbered by heavy baggage, fifty thousand infantry and nine thousand cavalry, and led them through the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pyrenees&groupId=921&placeId=1650">Pyrenees</a> to the passage of the river <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhone&groupId=933&placeId=1667">Rhone</a>. The army was not so much numerous, as highly efficient, and in an extraordinary state of physical training from their continuous battles with the Iberians.