<w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="pronohqei%5Cs">προνοηθεὶς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%2Fas">ἀσφαλείας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fa%7C">Ἰβηρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="loipo%5Cn">λοιπὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29karado%2Fkei">ἐκαραδόκει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosede%2Fxeto">προσεδέχετο</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29postellome%2Fnous:">ἀποστελλομένους·</w>
<w lemma="safw%3Ds">σαφῶς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29chta%2Fkei">ἐξητάκει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29reth%5Cn">ἀρετὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdon">Πάδον</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="katoikou%2Fntwn">κατοικούντων</w> <w lemma="au%29th%2Fn">αὐτήν</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmous">πολέμους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Flman">τόλμαν</w>,
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgiston">μέγιστον</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxousan">ὑπάρχουσαν</w> <w lemma="dusme%2Fneian">δυσμένειαν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftos">προγεγονότος</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="dih%2Flqomen">διήλθομεν</w> <w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="bu%2Fblw%7C">βύβλῳ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sumperife%2Fresqai">συμπεριφέρεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29ntugxa%2Fnontas">ἐντυγχάνοντας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllousi">μέλλουσι</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgesqai">λέγεσθαι</w>.
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fxeto">εἴχετο</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdos">ἐλπίδος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pisxnei%3Dto">ὑπισχνεῖτο</w>, <w lemma="diapempo%2Fmenos">διαπεμπόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29pimelw%3Ds">ἐπιμελῶς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fstas">δυνάστας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fde">τάδε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29tai%3Ds">αὐταῖς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpesin">Ἄλπεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29noikou%3Dntas">ἐνοικοῦντας</w>,
<w lemma="mo%2Fnws">μόνως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="u%28polamba%2Fnwn">ὑπολαμβάνων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fa%7C">Ἰταλίᾳ</w> <w lemma="susth%2Fsasqai">συστήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="dunhqei%2Fh">δυνηθείη</w> <w lemma="diapera%2Fsas">διαπεράσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="dusxwri%2Fas">δυσχωρίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnous">προειρημένους</w> <w lemma="a%29fike%2Fsqai">ἀφικέσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunergoi%3Ds">συνεργοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fsasqai">χρήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltoi%3Ds">Κελτοῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prokeime%2Fnhn">προκειμένην</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%2Fn">ἐπιβολήν</w>.
<w lemma="a%29fikome%2Fnwn">ἀφικομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29gge%2Flwn">ἀγγέλων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="bou%2Flhsin">βούλησιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosdoki%2Fan">προσδοκίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29paggeila%2Fntwn">ἀπαγγειλάντων</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alpeinw%3Dn">Ἀλπεινῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29rw%3Dn">ὀρῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28perbolh%5Cn">ὑπερβολὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fponon">ἐπίπονον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusxerh%3D">δυσχερῆ</w> <w lemma="li%2Fan">λίαν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29du%2Fnaton">ἀδύνατον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="fasko%2Fntwn">φασκόντων</w>, <w lemma="sunh%3Dge">συνῆγε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="paraxeimasi%2Fas">παραχειμασίας</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29arinh%5Cn">ἐαρινὴν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fran">ὥραν</w>.
<w lemma="prospeptwko%2Ftwn">προσπεπτωκότων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prosfa%2Ftws">προσφάτως</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnos">Καρχηδόνος</w>, <w lemma="e%29parqei%5Cs">ἐπαρθεὶς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="qumw%3D%7C">θυμῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pisteu%2Fwn">πιστεύων</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="politw%3Dn">πολιτῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29noi%2Fa%7C">εὐνοίᾳ</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="fanerw%3Ds">φανερῶς</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>,
<w lemma="e%29mfani%2Fzwn">ἐμφανίζων</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fkdoton">ἔκδοτον</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeirh%2Fsaien">ἐγχειρήσαιεν</w> <w lemma="ai%29tei%3Dsqai">αἰτεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdou">στρατοπέδου</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtas">προεστῶτας</w>, <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fwn">ὑποδεικνύων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="a%29reth%2Fn">ἀρετήν</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="a%29fi%2Fcontai">ἀφίξονται</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w>.
<w lemma="eu%29qu%2Fmws">εὐθύμως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlwn">ὄχλων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="sunecistame%2Fnwn">συνεξισταμένων</w>, <w lemma="e%29paine%2Fsas">ἐπαινέσας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraggei%2Flas">παραγγείλας</w> <w lemma="takth%5Cn">τακτὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsetai">ποιήσεται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcodon">ἔξοδον</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="die%2Fluse">διέλυσε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29kklhsi%2Fan">ἐκκλησίαν</w>.
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<head>Hannibal Contacts the Celts</head>Though Hannibal had taken every precaution for the security of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a> and Iberia, he yet waited for the messengers whom he expected to arrive from the Celts. He had thoroughly acquainted himself with the fertility and populousness of the districts at the foot of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> and in the valley of the Padus, as well as with the warlike courage of the men; but most important of all, with their hostile feelings to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> derived from the previous war, which I described in my last book, with the express purpose of enabling my readers to follow my narrative. He therefore reckoned very much on the chance of their co-operation; and was careful to send messages to the chiefs of the Celts, whether dwelling actually on the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> or on the Italian side of them, with unlimited promises; because he believed that he would be able to confine the war against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, if he could make his way through the intervening difficulties to these parts, and avail<pb n="196" />himself of the active alliance of the Celts. When his messengers returned with a report that the Celts were ready to help him and all eagerness for his approach; and that the passage of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a>, though laborious and difficult, was not, however, impossible, he collected his forces from their winter quarters at the approach of spring. Just before receiving this report he had learnt the circumstances attending the Roman embassy at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>. Encouraged by the assurance thus given him, that he would be supported by the' popular sentiment at home, he no longer disguised from his army that the object of the forthcoming campaign was <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>; and tried to inspire them with courage for the undertaking. He explained to them how the Romans had demanded the surrender of himself and all the officers of the army: and pointed out the fertility of the country to which they were going, and the good-will and active alliance which the Celts were prepared to offer them. When the crowd of soldiers showed an enthusiastic readiness to accompany him, he dismissed the assembly, after thanking them, and naming the day on which he intended to march.
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Walbank Commentary