Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 109

1
<w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29mfo%2Fteroi">ἀμφότεροι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fresmen">πάρεσμεν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="koinwnh%2Fsontes">κοινωνήσοντες</w> <w lemma="u%28mi%3Dn">ὑμῖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnwn">κινδύνων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftous">ἔτους</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frxontas">ἄρχοντας</w> <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmous">ἑτοίμους</w> <w lemma="pareskeua%2Fkamen">παρεσκευάκαμεν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mete%2Fxein">μετέχειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%2Fnwn">ἀγώνων</w>.
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<w lemma="u%28mei%3Ds">ὑμεῖς</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="e%28wra%2Fkate">ἑωράκατε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kaqoplismou%2Fs">καθοπλισμούς</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqh">πλήθη</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diamaxo%2Fmenoi">διαμαχόμενοι</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fsthn">ἑκάστην</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="deu%2Fteron">δεύτερον</w> <w lemma="e%29niauto%5Cn">ἐνιαυτὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="diatelei%3Dte">διατελεῖτε</w>.
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<w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fws">ἐναντίως</w> <w lemma="e%29xo%2Fntwn">ἐχόντων</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="progegenhme%2Fnais">προγεγενημέναις</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxais">μάχαις</w>, <w lemma="ei%29ko%5Cs">εἰκὸς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fon">ἐναντίον</w> <w lemma="e%29kbh%2Fsesqai">ἐκβήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dnos">ἀγῶνος</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Ftopon">ἄτοπον</w>, <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ei%29pei%3Dn">εἰπεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29du%2Fnaton">ἀδύνατον</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="a%29krobolismoi%3Ds">ἀκροβολισμοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsous">ἴσους</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsous">ἴσους</w> <w lemma="sumpi%2Fptontas">συμπίπτοντας</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="e%29pikratei%3Dn">ἐπικρατεῖν</w>, <w lemma="o%28mou%3D">ὁμοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="paratacame%2Fnous">παραταξαμένους</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="diplasi%2Fous">διπλασίους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="e%29lattwqh%3Dnai">ἐλαττωθῆναι</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w>, <w lemma="w%29%3D">ὦ</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="u%28mi%3Dn">ὑμῖν</w> <w lemma="pareskeuasme%2Fnwn">παρεσκευασμένων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w>, <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="prosdei%3Dtai">προσδεῖται</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28mete%2Fras">ὑμετέρας</w> <w lemma="boulh%2Fsews">βουλήσεως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fas">προθυμίας</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="parakalei%3Dsqai">παρακαλεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fw">πλείω</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fpein">πρέπειν</w> <w lemma="u%28mi%3Dn">ὑμῖν</w> <w lemma="u%28polamba%2Fnw">ὑπολαμβάνω</w>.
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<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="misqou%3D">μισθοῦ</w> <w lemma="para%2F">παρά</w> <w lemma="tisi">τισι</w> <w lemma="strateuome%2Fnois">στρατευομένοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flas">πέλας</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllousi">μέλλουσι</w> <w lemma="kinduneu%2Fein">κινδυνεύειν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dna">ἀγῶνα</w> <w lemma="kairo%2Fs">καιρός</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="deino%2Ftatos">δεινότατος</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pobaino%2Fntwn">ἀποβαινόντων</w> <w lemma="braxei%3Dan">βραχεῖαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="diafora%2Fn">διαφοράν</w>, <w lemma="a%29nagkai%3Dos">ἀναγκαῖος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="paraklh%2Fsews">παρακλήσεως</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpos:">τρόπος·</w>
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<w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="u%28mi%3Dn">ὑμῖν</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frwn">ἑτέρων</w> <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="sfw%3Dn">σφῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdos">πατρίδος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gunaikw%3Dn">γυναικῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="te%2Fknwn">τέκνων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fsthken">συνέστηκεν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollaplasi%2Fan">πολλαπλασίαν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnonta">συμβαίνοντα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="diafora%5Cn">διαφορὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%2Ftwn">ἐνεστώτων</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnwn">κινδύνων</w>, <w lemma="u%28pomnh%2Fsews">ὑπομνήσεως</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w>, <w lemma="paraklh%2Fsews">παρακλήσεως</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="prosdei%3D">προσδεῖ</w>.
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<w lemma="ti%2Fs">τίς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="bou%2Floito">βούλοιτο</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="a%29gwnizo%2Fmenos">ἀγωνιζόμενος</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dt%27">τοῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w> <w lemma="dunato%2Fn">δυνατόν</w>, <w lemma="teqna%2Fnai">τεθνάναι</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fsqen">πρόσθεν</w> <w lemma="maxo%2Fmenos">μαχόμενος</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="zw%3Dn">ζῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pidei%3Dn">ἐπιδεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnwn">προειρημένων</w> <w lemma="u%28%2Fbrin">ὕβριν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katafqora%2Fn">καταφθοράν</w>;
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w>, <w lemma="w%29%3D">ὦ</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w>, <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29mou%3D">ἐμοῦ</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnwn">λεγομένων</w>, <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="lamba%2Fnontes">λαμβάνοντες</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="o%29fqalmw%3Dn">ὀφθαλμῶν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fpesqai">λείπεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="diafora%5Cn">διαφορὰν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="sunecakolouqou%3Dnta">συνεξακολουθοῦντα</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%5Cs">ἑαυτοὺς</w> <w lemma="parasth%2Fsesqe">παραστήσεσθε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdos">πατρίδος</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="kinduneuou%2Fshs">κινδυνευούσης</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdois">στρατοπέδοις</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>.
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<w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="prosqei%3Dsa">προσθεῖσα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnois">ὑποκειμένοις</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllws">ἄλλως</w> <w lemma="pws">πως</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fnta">παρόντα</w> <w lemma="kriqh%3D%7C">κριθῇ</w>, <w lemma="perigenh%2Fsetai">περιγενήσεται</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29xqrw%3Dn">ἐχθρῶν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w>.
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<w lemma="pa%3Dsan">πᾶσαν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%28th%3Ds">αὑτῆς</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fan">προθυμίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="u%28ma%3Ds">ὑμᾶς</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%2Freistai">ἀπήρεισται</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fas">σωτηρίας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="u%28mi%3Dn">ὑμῖν</w>. <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="u%28mei%3Ds">ὑμεῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="diayeu%2Fshte">διαψεύσητε</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w>,
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<w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fdote">ἀπόδοτε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdi">πατρίδι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%28rmozou%2Fsas">ἁρμοζούσας</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fritas">χάριτας</w>, <w lemma="fanero%5Cn">φανερὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsin">πᾶσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpois">ἀνθρώποις</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsate">ποιήσατε</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29lattw%2Fmata">ἐλαττώματα</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fgonen">γέγονεν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="xei%2Frous">χείρους</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29peiri%2Fan">ἀπειρίαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="maxome%2Fnwn">μαχομένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kairw%3Dn">καιρῶν</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fseis">περιστάσεις</w>.
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"<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toiau%3Dta">τοιαῦτα</w> <w lemma="parakale%2Fsas">παρακαλέσας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkios">Λεύκιος</w> <w lemma="diafh%3Dke">διαφῆκε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%2Fs">πολλούς</w>.
<head>Paulus's Speech Continued</head>But now the conditions were quite different. For in the first place both Consuls were with the army: and were not only prepared to share the danger themselves, but had also induced the Consuls of the previous year to remain and take part in the struggle. While the men had not only seen the arms, order, and numbers of the enemy, but had been engaged in almost daily fights with them for the last two years. The conditions therefore under which the two former battles were fought being quite different, it was but natural that the result of the coming struggle should be different too. For it would be strange or rather impossible that those who in various skirmishes, where the numbers of either side were equal, had for the most part come off victorious, should, when drawn up all together, and nearly double of the enemy in number, be defeated.""Wherefore, men of the army," he continued, "seeing that we have every advantage on our side for securing a victory, there is only one thing necessary,—your determination, your zeal! And I do not think I need say more to you on that point. To men serving others for pay, or to those who fight as allies on behalf of others, who have no greater danger to expect than meets them on the field, and for whom the issues at stake are of little importance,—such men may need words of exhortation. But men who, like you, are fighting not for others, but themselves,—for country, wives, and children; and for whom the issue is of far more momentous consequence than the mere danger of the hour, need only to be reminded: require no exhortation. For who is there among you who would not wish if possible to be victorious; and next, if that may not be, to die with arms in his hands, rather than to live and see the outrage and death of those dear objects which I have named?<pb n="266" />Wherefore, men of the army, apart from any words of mine, place before your eyes the momentous difference to you between victory and defeat, and all their consequences. Enter upon this battle with the full conviction, that in it your country is not risking a certain number of legions, but her bare existence. For she has nothing to add to such an army as this, to give her victory, if the day now goes against us. All she has of confidence and strength rests on you; all her hopes of safety are in your hands. Do not frustrate those hopes: but pay back to your country the gratitude you owe her; and make it clear to all the world that the former reverses occurred, not because the Romans are worse men than the Carthaginians, but from the lack of experience on the part of those who were then fighting, and through a combination of adverse circumstances." With such words Aemilius dismissed the troops.