<head lang="la">B. Olymp. 150, 2. Res Macedoniae</head><w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2Aperseu%5Cs">Περσεὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29nanewsa%2Fmenos">ἀνανεωσάμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fili%2Fan">φιλίαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%28llhnokopei%3Dn">ἑλληνοκοπεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Fleto">ἐπεβάλετο</w>, <w lemma="katakalw%3Dn">κατακαλῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fan">Μακεδονίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="xre%2Fa">χρέα</w> <w lemma="feu%2Fgontas">φεύγοντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="katadi%2Fkas">καταδίκας</w> <w lemma="e%29kpeptwko%2Ftas">ἐκπεπτωκότας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="basilikoi%3Ds">βασιλικοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29gklh%2Fmasi">ἐγκλήμασι</w> <w lemma="parakexwrhko%2Ftas">παρακεχωρηκότας</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29ceti%2Fqei">ἐξετίθει</w> <w lemma="prografa%5Cs">προγραφὰς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fs">εἴς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Adh%3Dlon">Δῆλον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Adelfou%5Cs">Δελφοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itwni%2Fas">Ἰτωνίας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhna%3Ds">Ἀθηνᾶς</w> <w lemma="i%28ero%2Fn">ἱερόν</w>, <w lemma="didou%5Cs">διδοὺς</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kataporeuome%2Fnois">καταπορευομένοις</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="komidh%2Fn">κομιδήν</w>, <w lemma="a%29f%27">ἀφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fkastos">ἕκαστος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffuge">ἔφυγε</w>.
<w lemma="pare%2Fluse">παρέλυσε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3D%7C">αὐτῇ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fa%7C">Μακεδονίᾳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="basilikw%3Dn">βασιλικῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29feilhma%2Ftwn">ὀφειλημάτων</w>, <w lemma="a%29fh%3Dke">ἀφῆκε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="fulakai%3Ds">φυλακαῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29gkekleisme%2Fnous">ἐγκεκλεισμένους</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="basilikai%3Ds">βασιλικαῖς</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fais">αἰτίαις</w>.
<w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsas">ποιήσας</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29metew%2Frise">ἐμετεώρισε</w>, <w lemma="dokw%3Dn">δοκῶν</w> <w lemma="kala%5Cs">καλὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fnai">ὑποδεικνύναι</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhsin">Ἕλλησιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w>.
<w lemma="e%29pe%2Ffaine">ἐπέφαινε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="loipw%3D%7C">λοιπῷ</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fw%7C">βίῳ</w> <w lemma="prostasi%2Fan">προστασίαν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fas">βασιλείας</w> <w lemma="a%29ci%2Fwma">ἀξίωμα</w>.
<w lemma="kata%2F">κατά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifa%2Fneian">ἐπιφάνειαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="i%28kano%5Cs">ἱκανὸς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsan">πᾶσαν</w> <w lemma="swmatikh%5Cn">σωματικὴν</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="diatei%2Fnousan">διατείνουσαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pragmatiko%5Cn">πραγματικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fqetos">εὔθετος</w>, <w lemma="kata%2F">κατά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Ffasin">ἐπίφασιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxen">εἶχεν</w> <w lemma="e%29pisku%2Fnion">ἐπισκύνιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fcin">τάξιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29noi%2Fkeion">ἀνοίκειον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="h%28liki%2Fas">ἡλικίας</w>.
<w lemma="e%29pefeu%2Fgei">ἐπεφεύγει</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="patrikh%5Cn">πατρικὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29se%2Flgeian">ἀσέλγειαν</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkas">γυναῖκας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="po%2Ftous">πότους</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="me%2Ftrion">μέτριον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpine">ἔπινε</w> <w lemma="deipnw%3Dn">δειπνῶν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="suno%2Fntes">συνόντες</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="fi%2Floi">φίλοι</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prooi%2Fmia">προοίμια</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fws">Περσέως</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w>. — <w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%2Fs">βασιλεύς</w>,
<w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="hu%29ch%2Fqh">ηὐξήθη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fan">ἐξουσίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flabe">ἔλαβε</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29pisto%2Ftatos">ἀπιστότατος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paranomw%2Ftatos">παρανομώτατος</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="a%29nte%2Fpneuse">ἀντέπνευσε</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="metriw%2Ftatos">μετριώτατος</w>.
<w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fptaise">ἔπταισε</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="a%28rmozo%2Fmenos">ἁρμοζόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29peira%3Dto">ἐπειρᾶτο</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="swmatopoiei%3Dn">σωματοποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fan">βασιλείαν</w>.
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<head>First Acts of Perseus as King</head>Having renewed the alliance with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, Perseus immediately began intriguing in Greece. He<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note5">The opening of the reign of Perseus.</note>invited back into <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a> absconding debtors, condemned exiles, and those who had been compelled to leave their country on charges of treason. He caused notices to be put up to that effect at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delphi&groupId=534&placeId=363">Delphi</a>, and the temple of Athena at Iton,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note6">The notices are put up at the three places visited yearly by great numbers, and by many separate pilgrims. It is interesting to notice the persistence in a custom common from the earliest times, at any rate as far as <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a> and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delphi&groupId=534&placeId=363">Delphi</a> are concerned. Iton was in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Thessaly&groupId=1028&placeId=1816">Thessaly</a>, and the temple and oracle of Athena there was celebrated throughout Greece, and was the central place of worship for the Thessalians. The town stood in a rich plain on the river Cuarius, and hence its name—sometimes written Siton—was connected by some with<foreign lang="greek">σιτόφορος,</foreign>"corn-bearing" (Steph. Byz.) Homer calls it<foreign lang="greek">μητέρα μήλων,</foreign>"mother of sheep." Pyrrhus hung up in this temple the spoils of Antigonus and his Gallic soldiers about B. C. 273. [<bibl n="Paus. 1.13.2" default="NO" valid="yes">Pausan. 1.13.2</bibl>], "Itonian Athena" had temples in other parts of Greece also, e.g. in Boeotia [<bibl n="Paus. 9.34.1" default="NO" valid="yes">Paus. 9, 34, 1</bibl>].</note>offering not only indemnity<pb n="350" />to all who returned, but also the restoration of the property lost by their exile. Such also as still remained in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a> he released from their debts to the Royal exchequer, and set free those who had been confined in fortresses upon charges of treason. By these measures he raised expectations in the minds of many, and was considered to be holding out great hopes to all the Greeks. Nor were other parts of his life and habits wanting in a certain royal magnificence. His outward appearance was striking, and he was well endowed with all the physical advantages requisite for a statesman. His look and mien were alike dignified and such as became his age. He had moreover avoided his father's weakness for wine and women, and not only drank moderately at dinner himself, but was imitated in this respect by his intimates and friends. Such was the commencement of the reign of Perseus. . . .When king Philip had become powerful and had obtained<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note7">Philip V. in misfortune.</note>supremacy over the Greeks, he showed the most utter disregard of faith and principle; but when the breeze of fortune again set against him, his moderation was as conspicuous in its turn. But after his final and complete defeat, he tried by every possible expedient to consolidate the strength of his kingdom.
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Walbank Commentary