<w lemma="%2Akata%5C">Κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%5C">Ἀχαιοὶ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w> <w lemma="suni%2Fstanto">συνίσταντο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlou%5Cs">Αἰτωλοὺς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="prosagoreuqe%2Fnta">προσαγορευθέντα</w> <w lemma="summaxiko%2Fn">συμμαχικόν</w>.
<w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fan">Σικελίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w> <w lemma="diecio%2Fntes">διεξιόντες</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sunexe%5Cs">συνεχὲς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prokataskeuh%3Ds">προκατασκευῆς</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fkomen">ἥκομεν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="summaxikou%3D">συμμαχικοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deute%2Frou">δευτέρου</w> <w lemma="susta%2Fntos">συστάντος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w>, <w lemma="prosagoreuqe%2Fntos">προσαγορευθέντος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fstois">πλείστοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29annibiakou%3D">Ἀννιβιακοῦ</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kairw%3Dn">καιρῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29phggeila%2Fmeqa">ἐπηγγειλάμεθα</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsasqai">ποιήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="sunta%2Fcews">συντάξεως</w>,
<w lemma="pre%2Fpon">πρέπον</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="a%29feme%2Fnous">ἀφεμένους</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fda">Ἑλλάδα</w> <w lemma="metabai%2Fnein">μεταβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fan">ὁμοίαν</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenoi">ποιησάμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prokataskeuh%5Cn">προκατασκευὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> [<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w>] <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29podeiktikh%3Ds">ἀποδεικτικῆς</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fas">ἱστορίας</w> <w lemma="a%29rxw%2Fmeqa">ἀρχώμεθα</w>.
<w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="h%28mw%3Dn">ἡμῶν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellhnika%5Cs">Ἑλληνικὰς</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="%2Apersika%2Fs">Περσικάς</w>, <w lemma="o%28mou%3D">ὁμοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="gnwrizome%2Fnois">γνωριζομένοις</w> <w lemma="me%2Fresi">μέρεσι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29koume%2Fnhs">οἰκουμένης</w> <w lemma="a%29nagra%2Ffein">ἀναγράφειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pikexeirh%2Fkamen">ἐπικεχειρήκαμεν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28poqe%2Fsews">ὑποθέσεως</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fdio%2Fn">ἴδιόν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="sumbeblh%3Dsqai">συμβεβλῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="kairou%2Fs">καιρούς</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="safe%2Fsteron">σαφέστερον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frois">ἑτέροις</w> <w lemma="dhlw%2Fsomen">δηλώσομεν</w>,
<w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="kataskeuh%3Ds">κατασκευῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="braxu%5C">βραχὺ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanesta%2Ftwn">ἐπιφανεστάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gnwrizome%2Fnwn">γνωριζομένων</w> <w lemma="e%29qnw%3Dn">ἐθνῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="e%29fa%2Fyasqai">ἐφάψασθαι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29koume%2Fnhs">οἰκουμένης</w>.
<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asi%2Fan">Ἀσίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29%2Fgupton">Αἴγυπτον</w> <w lemma="a%29rkou%2Fntws">ἀρκούντως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxoi">ἔχοι</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29na%2Fmnhsin">ἀνάμνησιν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="r%28hqe%2Fntwn">ῥηθέντων</w> <w lemma="kairw%3Dn">καιρῶν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftwn">προγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fan">ἱστορίαν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="pleio%2Fnwn">πλειόνων</w> <w lemma="e%29kdedo%2Fsqai">ἐκδεδόσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Frimon">γνώριμον</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpasin">ἅπασιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29chllagme%2Fnon">ἐξηλλαγμένον</w> <w lemma="a%29phnth%3Dsqai">ἀπηντῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="para%2Flogon">παράλογον</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="prosdei%3Dsqai">προσδεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftwn">προγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="u%28pomnh%2Fsews">ὑπομνήσεως</w>.
<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnous">ἔθνους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="a%28rmo%2Fsei">ἁρμόσει</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="braxe%2Fwn">βραχέων</w> <w lemma="a%29nadramei%3Dn">ἀναδραμεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnois">χρόνοις</w>, <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerh%5Cs">ὁλοσχερὴς</w> <w lemma="e%29panai%2Fresis">ἐπαναίρεσις</w>,
<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%2Fs">Ἀχαιούς</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pa%2Fnw">ἐπάνω</w> <w lemma="proei%3Dpon">προεῖπον</w>, <w lemma="para%2Fdocos">παράδοξος</w> <w lemma="au%29%2Fchsis">αὔξησις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumfro%2Fnhsis">συμφρόνησις</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fgone">γέγονε</w>.
<w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29pibalome%2Fnwn">ἐπιβαλομένων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="parelhluqo%2Fsi">παρεληλυθόσι</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnois">χρόνοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%29to%5C">ταὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Fron">συμφέρον</w> <w lemma="a%29gagei%3Dn">ἀγαγεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2Apeloponnhsi%2Fous">Πελοποννησίους</w>, <w lemma="ou%29deno%5Cs">οὐδενὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kaqike%2Fsqai">καθικέσθαι</w> <w lemma="dunhqe%2Fntos">δυνηθέντος</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="koinh%3Ds">κοινῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fas">ἐλευθερίας</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fneken">ἕνεκεν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fras">σφετέρας</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fas">δυναστείας</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstous">ἑκάστους</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="spoudh%2Fn">σπουδήν</w>,
<w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="thlikau%2Fthn">τηλικαύτην</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsxe">ἔσχε</w> <w lemma="prokoph%5Cn">προκοπὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunte%2Fleian">συντέλειαν</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="summaxikh%5Cn">συμμαχικὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="filikh%5Cn">φιλικὴν</w> <w lemma="koinwni%2Fan">κοινωνίαν</w> <w lemma="gegone%2Fnai">γεγονέναι</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmois">νόμοις</w> <w lemma="xrh%3Dsqai">χρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="staqmoi%3Ds">σταθμοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="me%2Ftrois">μέτροις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nomi%2Fsmasi">νομίσμασι</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frxousi">ἄρχουσι</w>, <w lemma="bouleutai%3Ds">βουλευταῖς</w>,
<w lemma="dikastai%3Ds">δικασταῖς</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnw%7C">μόνῳ</w> <w lemma="dialla%2Fttein">διαλλάττειν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="mia%3Ds">μιᾶς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmpasan">σύμπασαν</w> <w lemma="%2Apelopo%2Fnnhson">Πελοπόννησον</w>, <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="peri%2Fbolon">περίβολον</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="katoikou%3Dsin">κατοικοῦσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%2Fn">αὐτήν</w>, <w lemma="ta%29%2Flla">τἄλλα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="koinh%3D%7C">κοινῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstois">ἑκάστοις</w> <w lemma="tau%29ta%5C">ταὐτὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w>.
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<head>Greece At This Time</head>At the same period the Achaean league and King<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note84">Social war, B. C. 220-217.</note>Philip, with their allies, were entering upon the war with the Aetolian league, which is called the Social war. Now this was the point at which I proposed to begin my general history; and as I have brought the account of the affairs of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a> and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a>, and those which immediately followed, in a continuous narrative, up to the date of the beginning of the Social and Second Punic, generally called the Hannibalic, wars, it will be proper to leave this branch of my subject for a while, and to take up the history of events<pb n="133" />in Greece, that I may start upon my full and detailed narrative, after bringing the prefatory sketch of the history of the several countries to the same point of time. For since I have not undertaken, as previous writers have done, to write the history of particular peoples, such as the Greeks or Persians, but the history of all known parts of the world at once, because there was something in the state of our own times which made such a plan peculiarly feasible,—of which I shall speak more at length hereafter,—it will be proper, before entering on my main subject, to touch briefly on the state of the most important of the recognised nations of the world.Of Asia and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Egypt&groupId=556&placeId=368">Egypt</a> I need not speak before the time at which my history commences. The previous history of these countries has been written by a number of historians already, and is known to all the world; nor in our days has any change specially remarkable or unprecedented occurred to them demanding a reference to their past.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note85">The progress of the Achaean league.</note>But in regard to the Achaean league, and the royal family of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>, it will be in harmony with my design to go somewhat farther back: for the latter has become entirely extinct; while the Achaeans, as I have stated before, have in our time made extraordinary progress in material prosperity and internal unity. For though many statesmen had tried in past times to induce the Peloponnesians to join in a league for the common interests of all, and had always failed, because every one was working to secure his own power rather than the freedom of the whole; yet in our day this policy has made such progress, and been carried out with such completeness, that not only is there in the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Peloponnese&groupId=861&placeId=1552">Peloponnese</a> a community of interests such as exists between allies or friends, but an absolute identity. of laws, weights, measures, and currency.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note86">That is, each city struck its own coin, but on a common standard of weight and value. See P. Gardner's Introduction to Catalogue of Greek Coins (Peloponnesus) in the British Museum, p. xxiv.</note>All the States have the same magistrates, senate, and judges. Nor is there any difference between the entire <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Peloponnese&groupId=861&placeId=1552">Peloponnese</a> and a single city, except in the fact that its inhabitants are not included within the same wall; in other respects, both as a whole and in their<pb n="134" />individual cities, there is a nearly absolute assimilation of institutions.
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Walbank Commentary