<w lemma="sou%2Fshs">σούσης</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fprakton">ἄπρακτον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>. <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="katastaqe%2Fntes">κατασταθέντες</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplios">Πόπλιος</w> <w lemma="%2Afou%2Frios">Φούριος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aga%2Fios">Γάιος</w> <w lemma="%2Aflami%2Fnios">Φλαμίνιος</w> <w lemma="au%29%3Dqis">αὖθις</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbalon">ἐνέβαλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltikh%5Cn">Κελτικὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ana%2Frwn">Ἀνάρων</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="makra%5Cn">μακρὰν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Amassali%2Fas">Μασσαλίας</w>*
<w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29%2Fkhsin">οἴκησιν</w>. <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fili%2Fan">φιλίαν</w> <w lemma="prosagago%2Fmenoi">προσαγαγόμενοι</w> <w lemma="die%2Fbhsan">διέβησαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="surroi%2Fas">συρροίας</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ado%2Fa">Ἀδόα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdou">Πάδου</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w>.
<w lemma="labo%2Fntes">λαβόντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plhga%5Cs">πληγὰς</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fan">στρατοπεδείαν</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmeinan">ἔμειναν</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="speisa%2Fmenoi">σπεισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28mologi%2Fan">ὁμολογίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Flusan">ἀνέλυσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w>.
<w lemma="perielqo%2Fntes">περιελθόντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dielqo%2Fntes">διελθόντες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aklou%2Fsion">Κλούσιον</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dlqon">ἦλθον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Agonoma%2Fnwn">Γονομάνων</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proslabo%2Fntes">προσλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w>, <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbalon">ἐνέβαλον</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fa">πεδία</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="e%29dh%2F%7Coun">ἐδῄουν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="katoiki%2Fas">κατοικίας</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29cepo%2Frqoun">ἐξεπόρθουν</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtes">προεστῶτες</w> <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="a%29meta%2Fqeton">ἀμετάθετον</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsan">οὖσαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fkrinan">ἔκριναν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="labei%3Dn">λαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="pei%3Dran">πεῖραν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diakinduneu%3Dsai">διακινδυνεῦσαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerw%3Ds">ὁλοσχερῶς</w>.
<w lemma="sunaqroi%2Fsantes">συναθροίσαντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fsas">ἁπάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="u%28parxou%2Fsas">ὑπαρχούσας</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%29to%5Cn">ταὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xrusa%3Ds">χρυσᾶς</w> <w lemma="shmei%2Fas">σημείας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29kinh%2Ftous">ἀκινήτους</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnas">λεγομένας</w> <w lemma="kaqelo%2Fntes">καθελόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhna%3Ds">Ἀθηνᾶς</w> <w lemma="i%28erou%3D">ἱεροῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%29%2Flla">τἄλλα</w> <w lemma="paraskeuasa%2Fmenoi">παρασκευασάμενοι</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fntws">δεόντως</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="teqarrhko%2Ftws">τεθαρρηκότως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataplhktikw%3Ds">καταπληκτικῶς</w> <w lemma="a%29ntestratope%2Fdeusan">ἀντεστρατοπέδευσαν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fnte">πέντε</w> <w lemma="muria%2Fdas">μυριάδας</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28rw%3Dntes">ὁρῶντες</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fwn">ἐναντίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29bou%2Flonto">ἐβούλοντο</w> <w lemma="sugxrh%3Dsqai">συγχρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summaxou%2Fntwn">συμμαχούντων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmesi:">δυνάμεσι·</w>
<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sullogisa%2Fmenoi">συλλογισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Agalatikh%5Cn">Γαλατικὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29qesi%2Fan">ἀθεσίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="o%28mofu%2Flous">ὁμοφύλους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proslambanome%2Fnwn">προσλαμβανομένων</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllousi">μέλλουσι</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w>, <w lemma="eu%29labou%3Dnto">εὐλαβοῦντο</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w> <w lemma="a%29ndra%2Fsin">ἀνδράσιν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftou">τοιούτου</w> <w lemma="kairou%3D">καιροῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w> <w lemma="koinwnei%3Dn">κοινωνεῖν</w>.
<w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmeinan">ὑπέμειναν</w> <w lemma="e%29nto%5Cs">ἐντὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="suno%2Fntas">συνόντας</w> <w lemma="diabiba%2Fsantes">διαβιβάσαντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fran">πέραν</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fspasan">ἀνέσπασαν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="r%28ei%2Fqrou">ῥείθρου</w> <w lemma="gefu%2Fras">γεφύρας</w>,
<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalizo%2Fmenoi">ἀσφαλιζόμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnous">ἐκείνους</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="e%28autoi%3Ds">ἑαυτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29polei%2Fpontes">ἀπολείποντες</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fda">ἐλπίδα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fas">σωτηρίας</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fbaton">ἄβατον</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fnta">ὄντα</w> <w lemma="parakei%3Dsqai">παρακεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>.
<w lemma="pra%2Fcantes">πράξαντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="diakinduneu%2Fein">διακινδυνεύειν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>.
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<head>Victory Over the Insubres</head>The Consuls of the next year, however, Publius Furius<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note77">B. C. 223.</note>Philus and Caius Flaminius, once more invaded the Celtic lands, marching through the territory of the Anamares, who live not far from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Placentia&groupId=907&placeId=1630">Placentia</a>.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note78">Others read Ananes and Marseilles [<foreign lang="greek">Ἀνάνων . . . Μασσαλίας</foreign>]; but it seems impossible that the Roman march should have extended so far.</note>Having secured the friendship of this tribe, they crossed into the country of the Insubres, near the confluence of the Adua and Padus. They suffered some annoyance from the enemy, as they were crossing the river, and as they were pitching their camp; and after remaining for a short time, they made terms with the Insubres and left their country. After a circuitous march of several days, they crossed the River Clusius, and came into the territory of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cenomani&groupId=448&placeId=834">Cenomani</a>. As these people were allies of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, they reinforced the army with some of their men, which then descended once more from the Alpine regions into the plains belonging to the Insubres, and began laying waste their land and plundering their houses. The Insubrian chiefs, seeing that nothing could change the determination of the Romans to destroy them, determined that they had better try their fortune by a great and decisive battle. They therefore mustered all their forces, took down from the temple of Minerva the golden standards, which are called "the immovables," and having made other necessary preparations, in high spirits and formidable array, encamped opposite to their enemies to the number of fifty thousand. Seeing themselves thus outnumbered, the Romans at first determined to avail themselves of the forces of the allied Celtic tribes; but when they reflected on the fickle character of the Gauls, and that they were about to fight with an enemy of the same race as these auxiliary troops, they hesitated to associate such men with themselves, at a crisis of such danger, and in an action of such importance. However, they finally decided to do this. They themselves stayed on the side of the river next the enemy: and sending the Celtic contingent to the other side, they pulled up the bridges; which at once precluded any fear of danger from them, and left themselves no hope of safety<pb n="129" />except in victory; the impassable river being thus in their rear. These dispositions made, they were ready to engage.
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Walbank Commentary