Polybius, Histories

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Book 12 - Chapter 25k

1
<w lemma="%2A%28%2Fina">Ἵνα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="bebaiwsw%2Fmeqa">βεβαιωσώμεθα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Ffasin">ἀπόφασιν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="%2Atimai%2Fou">Τιμαίου</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29gnoi%2Fas">ἀγνοίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%28kousi%2Fou">ἑκουσίου</w> <w lemma="yeudografi%2Fas">ψευδογραφίας</w>, <w lemma="braxe%2Fa">βραχέα</w> <w lemma="prooiso%2Fmeqa">προοισόμεθα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28mologoume%2Fnwn">ὁμολογουμένων</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgwn">λόγων</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29no%2Fmatos">ὀνόματος</w>.
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— <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dedunasteuko%2Ftwn">δεδυναστευκότων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Flwna">Γέλωνα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxai%3Don">ἀρχαῖον</w> <w lemma="pragmatikwta%2Ftous">πραγματικωτάτους</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="pareilh%2Ffamen">παρειλήφαμεν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ermokra%2Fthn">Ἑρμοκράτην</w>, <w lemma="%2Atimole%2Fonta">Τιμολέοντα</w>, <w lemma="%2Apu%2Frron">Πύρρον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hpeirw%2Fthn">Ἠπειρώτην</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fkist%27">ἥκιστ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="de%2Foi">δέοι</w> <w lemma="peria%2Fptein">περιάπτειν</w> <w lemma="meirakiw%2Fdeis">μειρακιώδεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diatribikou%5Cs">διατριβικοὺς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w>.
3
<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="fhsin">φησιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="mia%3D%7C">μιᾷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ei%29kosth%3D%7C">εἰκοστῇ</w> <w lemma="bu%2Fblw%7C">βύβλῳ</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rume%2Fdwn">Εὐρυμέδων</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fan">Σικελίαν</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Asurakosi%2Fwn">Συρακοσίων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Agelw%2F%7Cous">Γελῴους</w> <w lemma="ka%2Fmnontas">κάμνοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="diape%2Fmyasqai">διαπέμψασθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akamarinai%2Fous">Καμαριναίους</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="a%29noxw%3Dn:">ἀνοχῶν·</w>
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="decame%2Fnwn">δεξαμένων</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="presbeu%2Fein">πρεσβεύειν</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frous">ἑκατέρους</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parakalei%3Dn">παρακαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="e%29kpe%2Fmyai">ἐκπέμψαι</w> <w lemma="pistou%2Fs">πιστούς</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%2Ftines">οἵτινες</w> <w lemma="ei%29selqo%2Fntes">εἰσελθόντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Flan">Γέλαν</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fsontai">βουλεύσονται</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsews">διαλύσεως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="koinh%3D%7C">κοινῇ</w> <w lemma="sumfero%2Fntwn">συμφερόντων</w>.
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<w lemma="paragenome%2Fnwn">παραγενομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fdrwn">συνέδρων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diabouli%2Fou">διαβουλίου</w> <w lemma="proteqe%2Fntos">προτεθέντος</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w> <w lemma="tisi%5C">τισὶ</w> <w lemma="xrw%2Fmenon">χρώμενον</w> <w lemma="ei%29sa%2Fgei">εἰσάγει</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgois">λόγοις</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ermokra%2Fthn">Ἑρμοκράτην</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29paine%2Fsas">ἐπαινέσας</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnos">προειρημένος</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%5Cr">ἀνὴρ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Agelw%2F%7Cous">Γελῴους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akamarinai%2Fous">Καμαριναίους</w>, <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fntwn">ποιησάντων</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29noxa%2Fs">ἀνοχάς</w>, <w lemma="deu%2Fteron">δεύτερον</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsews">διαλύσεως</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftioi">αἴτιοι</w> <w lemma="kaqesth%2Fkasi">καθεστήκασι</w>, <w lemma="tri%2Fton">τρίτον</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="pronohqei%3Den">προνοηθεῖεν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fesqai">βουλεύεσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqh">πλήθη</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsewn">διαλύσεων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtas">προεστῶτας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="politw%3Dn">πολιτῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="safw%3Ds">σαφῶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29do%2Ftas">εἰδότας</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fna">τίνα</w> <w lemma="diafora%5Cn">διαφορὰν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemos">πόλεμος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhs">εἰρήνης</w>,
7
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="du%2F%27">δύ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fa">τρία</w> <w lemma="labw%5Cn">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29pixeirh%2Fmata">ἐπιχειρήματα</w> <w lemma="pragmatika%2F">πραγματικά</w>, <w lemma="loipo%2Fn">λοιπόν</w> <w lemma="fhsin">φησιν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pisth%2Fsantas">ἐπιστήσαντας</w> <w lemma="maqei%3Dn">μαθεῖν</w> <w lemma="h%28li%2Fkhn">ἡλίκην</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemos">πόλεμος</w> <w lemma="diafora%5Cn">διαφορὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhs">εἰρήνης</w>, <w lemma="mikrw%3D%7C">μικρῷ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="ei%29rhkw%5Cs">εἰρηκὼς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Agelw%2F%7Cois">Γελῴοις</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polloi%3Ds">πολλοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="sunedri%2Fw%7C">συνεδρίῳ</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="ginw%2Fskonti">γινώσκοντι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="peripetei%2Fas">περιπετείας</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Fmaios">Τίμαιος</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pragmatikh%3Ds">πραγματικῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="do%2Fceien">δόξειεν</w> <w lemma="a%29polei%2Fpesqai">ἀπολείπεσθαι</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="diatribai%3Ds">διατριβαῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pixeirh%2Fsewn">ἐπιχειρήσεων</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgon">ὀλίγον</w> <w lemma="e%29lattou%3Dsqai">ἐλαττοῦσθαι</w>.
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<w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dh%2Fpouqen">δήπουθεν</w> <w lemma="oi%29%2Fontai">οἴονται</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29podei%2Fceis">ἀποδείξεις</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29gnooume%2Fnwn">ἀγνοουμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pistoume%2Fnwn">ἀπιστουμένων</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29kroatai%3Ds">ἀκροαταῖς</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="ginwskome%2Fnwn">γινωσκομένων</w> <w lemma="mataio%2Ftaton">ματαιότατον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paidariwde%2Fstaton">παιδαριωδέστατον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kaqeuresilogei%3Dn">καθευρεσιλογεῖν</w> <gap extent="15" /><w lemma="menon">μενον</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ginwsko%2Fmenon">γινωσκόμενον</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhs">ὅλης</w> <w lemma="paraptw%2Fsews">παραπτώσεως</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="diateqei%3Dsqai">διατεθεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dston">πλεῖστον</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgou">λόγου</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kaqa%2Fpac">καθάπαξ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="prosdeo%2Fmena">προσδεόμενα</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgou">λόγου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lh%2Fmmasi">λήμμασι</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fxrhtai">κέχρηται</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w>,
11
<w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ermokra%2Fthn">Ἑρμοκράτην</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fs">τίς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="kexrh%3Dsqai">κεχρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="pisteu%2Fseie">πιστεύσειε</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="sunagwnisa%2Fmenon">συναγωνισάμενον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fois">Λακεδαιμονίοις</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29go%5Cs">Αἰγὸς</w> <w lemma="potamoi%3Ds">ποταμοῖς</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fan">ναυμαχίαν</w>, <w lemma="au%29tandri%5C">αὐτανδρὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xeirwsa%2Fmenon">χειρωσάμενον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fwn">Ἀθηναίων</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="strathgou%5Cs">στρατηγοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fan">Σικελίαν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="mei">μει</w>
<head>General Remarks on Timaeus as an Historian</head>The story of the brazen bull is this. It was made by<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note40">The brazen bull of phalaris.</note>Phalaris at Agrigentum; and he used to force men to get into it, and then by way of punishment light a fire underneath. The metal becoming thus red hot, the man inside was roasted and scorched to death; and when he screamed in his agony, the sound from the machine was very like the bellowing of a bull. When the Carthaginians conquered <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a> this bull was removed from Agrigentum to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>. The trap door between the shoulders, through which the victims used to be let down, still remains; and no other reason for the construction of such a bull in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> can be discovered at all: yet Timaeus has undertaken to upset the common story, and to refute the declarations of poets and historians, by alleging that the bull at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> did not come from Agrigentum, and that no such figure ever existed there; and he has composed a lengthy treatise to prove this. . . .What epithet ought one to apply to Timaeus, and what word will properly characterise him? A man of his kind appears to me to deserve the very bitterest of the terms which he has applied to others. It has already been sufficiently proved that he is a carping, false and impudent writer; and from what remains to be said he will be shown to be unphilosophical, and, in short, utterly uninstructed. For towards the end of his twenty-first book, in the course of his "harangue of Timoleon," he remarks that "the whole sublunary world being divided into three parts —Asia, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a>, and Europe. . . ."<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note41">See<ref target="b3c37" targOrder="U">3, 37</ref>. The point seems to be that the remark was too commonplace to put into the mouth of a hero.</note>One could scarcely believe such a remark to have come, I don't say from Timaeus, but even from the proverbial Margites. . . .<pb n="102" />