<w lemma="ra%2Fkion">ράκιον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tuxo%2Fn">τυχόν</w>; <w lemma="o%28%2Fs">ὅς</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="oi%29%2Fetai">οἴεται</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29namnhsqh%3Dnai">ἀναμνησθῆναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fdrous">συνέδρους</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="koimwme%2Fnous">κοιμωμένους</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Frqron">ὄρθρον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="diegei%2Frousin">διεγείρουσιν</w> <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flpigges">σάλπιγγες</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Frniqes">ὄρνιθες</w>.
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28hrakle%2Fa">Ἡρακλέα</w> <w lemma="fhsi%5C">φησὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29olumpi%2Fwn">Ὀλυμπίων</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dna">ἀγῶνα</w> <w lemma="qei%3Dnai">θεῖναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29kexeiri%2Fan">ἐκεχειρίαν</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dgma">δεῖγμα</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenon">ποιούμενον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fsews">προαιρέσεως</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fsois">ὅσοις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pole%2Fmhse">ἐπολέμησε</w>, <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="beblafe%2Fnai">βεβλαφέναι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29na%2Fgkhn">ἀνάγκην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pitagh%2Fn">ἐπιταγήν</w>, <w lemma="e%28kousi%2Fws">ἑκουσίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="parai%2Ftion">παραίτιον</w> <w lemma="ou%29deni%5C">οὐδενὶ</w> <w lemma="gegone%2Fnai">γεγονέναι</w> <w lemma="kakou%3D">κακοῦ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w>.
<w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="poihth%3D%7C">ποιητῇ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Adi%2Fa">Δία</w> <w lemma="pareisa%2Fgesqai">παρεισάγεσθαι</w> <w lemma="dusarestou%2Fmenon">δυσαρεστούμενον</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Farei">Ἄρει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgonta">λέγοντα</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxqistos">ἔχθιστος</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="moi%2F">μοί</w> <w lemma="e%29ssi">ἐσσι</w> <w lemma="qew%3Dn">θεῶν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Folumpon">Ὄλυμπον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxousin:">ἔχουσιν·</w> <w lemma="ai%29ei%5C">αἰεὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w> <w lemma="toi">τοι</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fris">ἔρις</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flh">φίλη</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemoi%2F">πόλεμοί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxai">μάχαι</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w>.
<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="fronimw%2Ftaton">φρονιμώτατον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28rw%2Fwn">ἡρώων</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="a%29frh%2Ftwr">ἀφρήτωρ</w>, <w lemma="a%29qe%2Fmistos">ἀθέμιστος</w>, <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fstio%2Fs">ἀνέστιός</w> <w lemma="e%29stin">ἐστιν</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnos">ἐκεῖνος</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fratai">ἔραται</w> <w lemma="e%29pidhmi%2Fou">ἐπιδημίου</w> <w lemma="o%29kruo%2Fentos">ὀκρυόεντος</w>. <w lemma="o%28mognwmonei%3Dn">ὁμογνωμονεῖν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="poihth%3D%7C">ποιητῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29ripi%2Fdhn">Εὐριπίδην</w>,
<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="fhsin">φησιν</w>, <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fna">εἰρήνα</w> <w lemma="baqu%2Fploute">βαθύπλουτε</w>, <w lemma="kalli%2Fsta">καλλίστα</w> <w lemma="maka%2Frwn">μακάρων</w> <w lemma="qew%3Dn">θεῶν</w>, <w lemma="zh%3Dlo%2Fs">ζῆλός</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="se%2Fqen">σέθεν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="xroni%2Fzeis">χρονίζεις</w>. <w lemma="de%2Fdoika">δέδοικα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pri%5Cn">πρὶν</w> <w lemma="u%28perba%2Flh%7C">ὑπερβάλῃ</w> <w lemma="me">με</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dras">γῆρας</w>, <w lemma="pri%5Cn">πρὶν</w> <w lemma="sa%5Cn">σὰν</w> <w lemma="xari%2Fessan">χαρίεσσαν</w> <w lemma="prosidei%3Dn">προσιδεῖν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fran">ὥραν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kallixo%2Frous">καλλιχόρους</w> <w lemma="a%29oida%5Cs">ἀοιδὰς</w> <w lemma="filostefa%2Fnous">φιλοστεφάνους</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kw%2Fmous">κώμους</w>.
<w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="o%28moio%2Ftaton">ὁμοιότατον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai%2F">εἶναί</w> <w lemma="fhsi">φησι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="no%2Fsw%7C">νόσῳ</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="u%28giei%2Fa%7C:">ὑγιείᾳ·</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ka%2Fmnontas">κάμνοντας</w> <w lemma="a%29nalamba%2Fnein">ἀναλαμβάνειν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28giai%2Fnontas">ὑγιαίνοντας</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fllusqai">ἀπόλλυσθαι</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="presbute%2Frous">πρεσβυτέρους</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ne%2Fwn">νέων</w> <w lemma="qa%2Fptesqai">θάπτεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsin">φύσιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="ta%29nanti%2Fa">τἀναντία</w>,
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgiston">μέγιστον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fxri">ἄχρι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="teixw%3Dn">τειχῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w> <w lemma="me%2Fxri">μέχρι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frwn">ὅρων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Ftera">ἕτερα</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w>.
<w lemma="qauma%2Fzw">θαυμάζω</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fsi">τίσι</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%2Fsato">ἐχρήσατο</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgois">λόγοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="proforai%3Ds">προφοραῖς</w> <w lemma="meira%2Fkion">μειράκιον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenon">γενόμενον</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="diatriba%5Cs">διατριβὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pomnhma%2Ftwn">ὑπομνημάτων</w> <w lemma="polupragmosu%2Fnas">πολυπραγμοσύνας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenon">βουλόμενον</w> <w lemma="paraggelmatikw%3Ds">παραγγελματικῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="parepome%2Fnwn">παρεπομένων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="prosw%2Fpois">προσώποις</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pixei%2Frhsin:">ἐπιχείρησιν·</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frois">ἑτέροις</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Fmaios">Τίμαιος</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ermokra%2Fthn">Ἑρμοκράτην</w> <w lemma="kexrh%3Dsqai%2F">κεχρῆσθαί</w> <w lemma="fhsi">φησι</w>.
|
<head>Sophistical Commonplaces</head>For first he "thinks that he should remind the congress<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note42">B.C. 405. Hermocrates was not there.<bibl n="Xen. Hell. 1.1.27" default="NO" valid="yes">Xen.<title>Hellen.</title>1, 1, 27-31</bibl>.</note>that in war sleepers are woke at dawn by bugles, in peace by cocks."<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note43">For this proverb see Plutarch,<cit><bibl n="Plut. Nic. 9" default="NO" valid="yes"><title>Nicias,</title>ch. 9,</bibl><quote lang="greek">ἡδέως μεμνημένοι τοῦ εἰπόντος ὅτι τοὺς ἐν εἰρήνῃ καθεύδοντας οὐ σάλπιγγες ἀλλ᾽ ἀλεκτρυόνες ἀφυτνίζουσι.</quote></cit></note>Then he says that "Hercules established the Olympic games and the sacred truce during them, as an exemplification of his own principles;" and that "he had injured all those persons against whom he waged war, under compulsion and in obedience to the order of another, but was never voluntarily the author of harm to any man."<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note44"><bibl n="Plut. Nic. 25" default="NO" valid="yes"><foreign lang="la">Ib.</foreign>ch. 25</bibl>.</note>Next he quotes the instance of Zeus in Homer as being displeased with Ares, and saying<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note45">Homer,<bibl n="Hom. Il. 5.890" default="NO" valid="yes"><title>Il.</title>5. 890</bibl>.</note>—<quote><l>"Of all the gods that on Olympus dwell</l><l>I hold thee most detested; for thy joy</l><l>Is ever strife and war and battle."</l></quote>And again the wisest of the heroes says<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note46">Homer<bibl n="Hom. Il. 9.63" default="NO" valid="yes"><title>Il.</title>9, 63</bibl>.</note>—<pb n="110" /><quote><l>"He is a wretch, insensible and dead</l><l>To all the charities of social life,</l><l>Whose pleasure is in civil broil and war."</l></quote>Then he goes on to allege that Euripides agrees with Homer in the lines<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note47">Euripides, fr.</note>—<quote><l>"O well of infinite riches!</l><l>O fairest of beings divine!</l><l>O Peace, how alas! thou delayest;</l><l>My heart for thy coming is fain.</l><l>I tremble lest age overtake me,</l><l>Ere thy beauty and grace I behold;</l><l>Ere the maidens shall sing in their dancing,</l><l>And revels be gladsome with flowers."</l></quote>Next he remarks that "war is like disease, peace like health; for that the latter restores those that are sick, while in the former even the healthy perish. Moreover, in time of peace, the old are buried by the young as nature directs, while in war the case is reversed; and above all in war there is no security even as far as the city walls, while in peace it extends to the frontier of the territory"—and so on. I wonder what other arguments would have been employed by a youth who had just devoted himself to scholastic exercises and studies in history; and who wished, according to the rules of the art, to adapt his words to the supposed speakers? Just these I think which Timaeus represents Hermocrates as using.
|
Walbank Commentary