<head lang="la">VII. Res Graeciae</head><w lemma="%2Aoi%28">Οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%2F">Αἰτωλοί</w>, <w lemma="prosfa%2Ftws">προσφάτως</w> <w lemma="e%29phrme%2Fnoi">ἐπηρμένοι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fsin">ἐλπίσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="%2A%29atta%2Flou">Ἀττάλου</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fa%7C">παρουσίᾳ</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fplhtton">ἐξέπληττον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsin">πᾶσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fkeinto">ἐπέκειντο</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fattalon">Ἄτταλον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w>.
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dkon">ἧκον</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%5C">Ἀχαιοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="parakalou%3Dntes">παρακαλοῦντες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="bohqei%3Dn:">βοηθεῖν·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlou%5Cs">Αἰτωλοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%29gwni%2Fwn">ἠγωνίων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amaxani%2Fdan">Μαχανίδαν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="prokaqh%3Dsqai">προκαθῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29argei%2Fwn">Ἀργείων</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frois">ὅροις</w>.
<w lemma="%2Aboiwtoi%5C">Βοιωτοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dedio%2Ftes">δεδιότες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="sto%2Flon">στόλον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w>, <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fna">ἡγεμόνα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="boh%2Fqeian">βοήθειαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2F%7Ctoun">ᾔτουν</w>. <w lemma="filoponw%2Ftata%2F">φιλοπονώτατά</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29%2Fboian">Εὔβοιαν</w> <w lemma="katoikou%3Dntes">κατοικοῦντες</w> <w lemma="h%29ci%2Foun">ἠξίουν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="tina%5C">τινὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>. <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akarna%3Dnes">Ἀκαρνᾶνες</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Floun">παρεκάλουν</w>.
<w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hpeirwtw%3Dn">Ἠπειρωτῶν</w> <w lemma="presbei%2Fa">πρεσβεία</w>. <w lemma="prosh%2Fggelto">προσήγγελτο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Askerdilai+%2Fdan">Σκερδιλαΐδαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apleura%3Dton">Πλευρᾶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29ca%2Fgein">ἐξάγειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis:">δυνάμεις·</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="prosorou%3Dntas">προσοροῦντας</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fa%7C">Μακεδονίᾳ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%3D%7Ckas">Θρᾷκας</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Amaidou%2Fs">Μαιδούς</w>, <w lemma="e%29pibola%5Cs">ἐπιβολὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29mbalou%3Dntas">ἐμβαλοῦντας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fan">Μακεδονίαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="braxu%2F">βραχύ</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fas">οἰκείας</w> <w lemma="a%29pospasqh%3D%7C">ἀποσπασθῇ</w>.
<w lemma="prokatela%2Fmbanon">προκατελάμβανον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqermopu%2Flas">Θερμοπύλας</w> <w lemma="stena%5C">στενὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Ffrois">τάφροις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraki">χάρακι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fulakai%3Ds">φυλακαῖς</w> <w lemma="barei%2Fais">βαρείαις</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%2F">Αἰτωλοί</w>, <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnoi">πεπεισμένοι</w> <w lemma="sugklei%2Fein">συγκλείειν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="kwlu%2Fein">κωλύειν</w> <w lemma="parabohqei%3Dn">παραβοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29nto%5Cs">ἐντὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Apulw%3Dn">Πυλῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w>.
<w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fseis">περιστάσεις</w> <w lemma="eu%29lo%2Fgws">εὐλόγως</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29pishmh%2Fnasqai">ἐπισημήνασθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunefista%2Fnein">συνεφιστάνειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29naginw%2Fskontas">ἀναγινώσκοντας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ai%28%3Ds">αἷς</w> <w lemma="pei%3Dra">πεῖρα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ba%2Fsanos">βάσανος</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqinh%5C">ἀληθινὴ</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="yuxika%5Cs">ψυχικὰς</w> <w lemma="o%28rma%5Cs">ὁρμὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="swmatika%5Cs">σωματικὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnwn">ἡγεμόνων</w>.
<w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="kunhgesi%2Fais">κυνηγεσίαις</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="zw%3D%7Ca">ζῷα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fdhla">διάδηλα</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lkh%5Cn">ἀλκὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="deino%5Cn">δεινὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29ta%5C">αὐτὰ</w> <w lemma="peristh%3D%7C">περιστῇ</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28goume%2Fnwn">ἡγουμένων</w>. <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="sunidei%3Dn">συνιδεῖν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmenon">γινόμενον</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou:">Φιλίππου·</w>
<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="presbei%2Fas">πρεσβείας</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fluse">ἀπέλυσε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w>, <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstois">ἑκάστοις</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="dunata%5C">δυνατὰ</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsein">ποιήσειν</w> <w lemma="e%29paggeila%2Fmenos">ἐπαγγειλάμενος</w>, <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="e%29pei%3Dxe">ἐπεῖχε</w>, <w lemma="karadokw%3Dn">καραδοκῶν</w> <w lemma="ph%3D%7C">πῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fna">τίνα</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="deh%2Fsei">δεήσει</w>
|
<head>Affairs in Greece: Philip V. Called In Against the Aetolians</head>The Aetolians had recently become greatly encouraged<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note82">King Philip undertakes to aid the Achaean league, and other Greek states, against a threat-ened attack of the Aetolians in alliance with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, B. C. 208. Cp.<bibl n="Liv. 27.30" default="NO" valid="yes">Livy, 27, 30</bibl>. See above<ref target="b9c28" targOrder="U">Bk. 9, ch. 28-42</ref>.</note>by the arrival of the Romans and King Attalus: and accordingly began menacing every one, and threatening all with an attack by land, while Attalus and Publius Sulpicius did the same by sea. Wherefore Achaean legates arrived at the court of King Philip entreating his help: for it was not the Aetolians alone of whom they were standing in dread, but Machanidas also, as he was encamped with his army on the frontier of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Argos&groupId=361&placeId=689">Argos</a>. The Boeotians also, in fear of the enemy's fleet, were demanding a leader and help from the king. Most urgent of all, however, were the Euboeans in their entreaties to him to take some precaution against the enemy. A similar appeal was being made by the Acarnanians; and there was an embassy even from the Epirotes. News had arrived that both <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Scerdilaidas&groupId=953&placeId=1692">Scerdilaidas</a> and Pleuratus were leading out their armies: and, over and above this, that the Thracian tribes on the frontier of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>, especially the Maedi, were planning to invade <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>, if the king were induced to stir from his realm however short a distance. Moreover the Aetolians were already securing the pass of Thermopylae with trenches and stockades and a formidable garrison, satisfied that they would thus out Philip, and entirely prevent him from coming to the assistance of his allies south of the pass. It appears to me that a crisis of this sort is well worth the observation and attention of my readers; for it affords a trial and test of the vigour of the leader affected. As in the hunting-field the wild animals never show their full courage and strength until surrounded and brought to bay,—so it is with leaders. And no more conspicuous instance could be found than this of Philip. He dismissed the various embassies, promising each that he would do his best: and then devoted his attention to the war which surrounded him on all sides, watching to see in what direction, and against which enemy, he had best direct his first attack.<pb n="41" />
|
Walbank Commentary