<w lemma="%2Aoi%28">Οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="o%29fqalmw%3Dn">ὀφθαλμῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fmbanon">ἐλάμβανον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgnoian">ἄγνοιαν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Ft%27">ὅτ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Ffelos">ὄφελος</w>.
<w lemma="mega%2Fla">μεγάλα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fmarton">ἥμαρτον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fna">ἕνα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w> <w lemma="a%28qroi%2Fsantes">ἁθροίσαντες</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dto">τοσοῦτο</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29demi%2Fan">οὐδεμίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fda">ἐλπίδα</w> <w lemma="polemikh%3Ds">πολεμικῆς</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="politikai%3Ds">πολιτικαῖς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmesi:">δυνάμεσι·</w>
<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mei%3Dzon">μεῖζον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w>, <w lemma="proe%2Fmenoi">προέμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="te%2Fkna">τέκνα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkas">γυναῖκας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29poskeua%2Fs:">ἀποσκευάς·</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%3Dn">ἐξῆν</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frois">ὁμήροις</w> <w lemma="xrhsame%2Fnous">χρησαμένους</w> <w lemma="a%29sfale%2Fsteron">ἀσφαλέστερον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fsasqai">βουλεύσασθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28popipto%2Fntwn">ὑποπιπτόντων</w>, <w lemma="eu%29peiqeste%2Frois">εὐπειθεστέροις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnois">ἐκείνοις</w> <w lemma="xrh%3Dsqai">χρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="parakalou%2Fmenon">παρακαλούμενον</w>,
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataplage%2Fntes">καταπλαγέντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fan">στρατοπεδείαν</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmenon">ὑπέμενον</w>, <w lemma="spouda%2Fzontes">σπουδάζοντες</w> <w lemma="e%29cila%2Fsasqai">ἐξιλάσασθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%5Cn">ὀργὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>,
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdei%2Fwn">ἐπιτηδείων</w> <w lemma="a%29gora%5Cs">ἀγορὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kpe%2Fmpontes">ἐκπέμποντες</w> <w lemma="dayilei%3Ds">δαψιλεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pw%2Floun">ἐπώλουν</w>, <w lemma="kaqw%5Cs">καθὼς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnoi">ἐκεῖνοι</w> <w lemma="bou%2Flointo">βούλοιντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fttoien">τάττοιεν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tima%2Fs">τιμάς</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="gerousi%2Fas">γερουσίας</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%2F">ἀεί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="e%29cape%2Fstellon">ἐξαπέστελλον</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w>, <w lemma="u%28pisxnou%2Fmenoi">ὑπισχνούμενοι</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsein">ποιήσειν</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2F">ὅ</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29ciw%2Fsaien">ἀξιώσαιεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w>.
<w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fsthn">ἑκάστην</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frois">μισθοφόροις</w> <w lemma="e%29pinoou%2Fmenon">ἐπινοούμενον</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="katateqarrhko%2Ftwn">κατατεθαρρηκότων</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunteqewrhko%2Ftwn">συντεθεωρηκότων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fplhcin">κατάπληξιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ptoi%2Fan">πτοίαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>,
<w lemma="pefronhmatisme%2Fnwn">πεφρονηματισμένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnwn">πεπεισμένων</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftas">προγεγονότας</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai+ka%5C">Ῥωμαϊκὰ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpeda">στρατόπεδα</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnous">κινδύνους</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="a%29ntofqalmh%3Dsai%2F">ἀντοφθαλμῆσαί</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w>.
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="sugxwrh%3Dsai">συγχωρῆσαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29ywni%2Fwn">ὀψωνίων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fbainon">ἐπέβαινον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="teqnew%2Ftwn">τεθνεώτων</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%2F%7Ctoun">ἀπῄτουν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29ci%2Fas">ἀξίας</w>.
<w lemma="prosdecame%2Fnwn">προσδεξαμένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prosofeilome%2Fnhs">προσοφειλομένης</w> <w lemma="sitometri%2Fas">σιτομετρίας</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fonos">πλείονος</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnou">χρόνου</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fsthn">μεγίστην</w> <w lemma="gegonui%3Dan">γεγονυῖαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="timh%5Cn">τιμὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffaskon">ἔφασκον</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="komi%2Fzesqai">κομίζεσθαι</w>.
<w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%2F">ἀεί</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="ne%2Fon">νέον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaino%5Cn">καινὸν</w> <w lemma="proseceu%2Friskon">προσεξεύρισκον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%29du%2Fnaton">ἀδύνατον</w> <w lemma="e%29kba%2Fllontes">ἐκβάλλοντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Flusin">διάλυσιν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kaxe%2Fktas">καχέκτας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="stasiw%2Fdeis">στασιώδεις</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dunato%5Cn">δυνατὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28pisxnoume%2Fnwn">ὑπισχνουμένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>, <w lemma="kate%2Fneusan">κατένευσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitre%2Fyein">ἐπιτρέψειν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbhtoume%2Fnwn">ἀμφισβητουμένων</w> <w lemma="e%28ni%5C">ἑνὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Ftwn">γεγονότων</w> <w lemma="strathgw%3Dn">στρατηγῶν</w>.
<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ami%2Flkan">Ἀμίλκαν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aba%2Frkan">Βάρκαν</w>, <w lemma="meq%27">μεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="sugkekinduneu%2Fkesan">συγκεκινδυνεύκεσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w>, <w lemma="dusxerw%3Ds">δυσχερῶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>, <w lemma="dokou%3Dntes">δοκοῦντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fkista">ἥκιστα</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnon">ἐκεῖνον</w> <w lemma="o%29ligwrei%3Dsqai">ὀλιγωρεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="presbeu%2Fein">πρεσβεύειν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="strathgi%2Fan">στρατηγίαν</w> <w lemma="e%28kousi%2Fws">ἑκουσίως</w> <w lemma="dokei%3Dn">δοκεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29poteqei%3Dsqai:">ἀποτεθεῖσθαι·</w>
<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwna">Γέσκωνα</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnu">πάνυ</w> <w lemma="die%2Fkeinto">διέκειντο</w> <w lemma="filanqrw%2Fpws">φιλανθρώπως</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="e%29gego%2Fnei">ἐγεγόνει</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%2Fs">στρατηγός</w>, <w lemma="e%29pepoi%2Fhto">ἐπεποίητο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29ndexome%2Fnhn">ἐνδεχομένην</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fn">ἔν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29nakomidh%2Fn">ἀνακομιδήν</w>. <w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftreyan">ἐπέτρεψαν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w>
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<head>The Mercenaries Accept an Arbitration</head>The Carthaginians saw their folly when it was too late.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note169">The mercenaries at Tunes.</note>It was a grave mistake to have collected so large a number of mercenaries into one place without any warlike force of their own citizens to fall back upon: but it was a still graver mistake to have delivered up to them their children and wives, with their heavy baggage to boot; which they might have retained as hostages, and thus have had greater security for concerting their own measures, and more power of ensuring obedience to their orders. However, being thoroughly alarmed at the action<pb n="77" />of the men in regard to their encampment, they went every length in their eagerness to pacify their anger.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note170">Attempts to pacify them.</note>They sent them supplies of provisions in rich abundance, to be purchased exactly on their own terms, and at their own price. Members of the Senate were despatched, one after the other, to treat with them; and they were promised that whatever they demanded should be conceded if it were within the bounds of possibility. Day by day the ideas of the mercenaries rose higher.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note171">The demands of the mercenaries.</note>For their contempt became supreme when they saw the dismay and excitement in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>; their confidence in themselves was profound; and their engagements with the Roman legions in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a> had convinced them, that not only was it impossible for the Carthaginians to face them in the field, but that it would be difficult to find any nation in the world who could. Therefore, when the Carthaginians conceded the point of their pay, they made a further claim for the value of the horses they had lost. When this too was conceded, they said that they ought to receive the value of the rations of corn due to them from a long time previous, reckoned at the highest price reached during the war. And in short, the ill-disposed and mutinous among them being numerous, they always found out some new demand which made it impossible to come to terms. Upon the Carthaginian government, however, pledging themselves to the full extent of their powers, they eventually agreed to refer the matter to the arbitration of some one of the generals who had been actually engaged in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a>. Now they were displeased with Hamilcar Barcas, who was one of those under whom they had fought in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a>, because they thought that their present unfavourable position was attributable chiefly to him. They thought this from the fact that he never came to them as an ambassador, and had, as was believed, voluntarily resigned his command.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note172">The dispute referred to the arbitration of Gesco.</note>But towards Gesco their feelings were altogether friendly. He had, as they thought, taken every possible precaution for their interests, and especially in the arrangements for their conveyance to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a>. Accordingly they referred the dispute to the arbitration of the latter.<pb n="78" />
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Walbank Commentary