<w lemma="%2Aoi%28">Οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w>, <w lemma="prospesou%2Fshs">προσπεσούσης</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29prosdokh%2Ftws">ἀπροσδοκήτως</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Ftths">ἥττης</w>, <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmai%3Ds">ὁρμαῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="filotimi%2Fais">φιλοτιμίαις</w> <w lemma="a%29kmh%5Cn">ἀκμὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Ftoimoi">ἕτοιμοι</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="logismoi%3Ds">λογισμοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29chpo%2Froun">ἐξηπόρουν</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="xorhgei%3Dn">χορηγεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmesin">δυνάμεσιν</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Doi%2F">οἷοί</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>, <w lemma="kratou%2Fntwn">κρατούντων</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn:">ὑπεναντίων·</w> <w lemma="a%29pogno%2Fntes">ἀπογνόντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prodo%2Ftai">προδόται</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="tina%5C">τινὰ</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenoi">γενόμενοι</w>, <w lemma="poi%2Fais">ποίαις</w> <w lemma="xersi%5Cn">χερσὶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="poi%2Fois">ποίοις</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fsin">ἡγεμόσιν</w> <w lemma="polemh%2Fseian">πολεμήσειαν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>.
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="o%29ce%2Fws">ὀξέως</w> <w lemma="diapemya%2Fmenoi">διαπεμψάμενοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aba%2Frkan">Βάρκαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftreyan">ἐπέτρεψαν</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnw%7C">ἐκείνῳ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w>. <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="li%2Fan">λίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fhsen">ἐποίησεν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgon">ἔργον</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnos">ἡγεμόνος</w> <w lemma="a%29gaqou%3D">ἀγαθοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="froni%2Fmou">φρονίμου</w>.
<w lemma="me%2Fxri">μέχρι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%5Cs">ἐλπὶς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnois">ὑποκειμένοις</w>, <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="parabo%2Flwn">παραβόλων</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="deinw%3Dn">δεινῶν</w> <w lemma="dokou%2Fntwn">δοκούντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pare%2Flipen">παρέλιπεν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllos">ἄλλος</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnwn">ἡγεμόνων</w>, <w lemma="e%29ch%2Flegcen">ἐξήλεγξεν</w>.
<w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="perie%2Fsth">περιέστη</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="katelei%2Fpeto">κατελείπετο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sw%2F%7Czein">σῴζειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28potattome%2Fnous">ὑποταττομένους</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnu">πάνυ</w> <w lemma="nounexw%3Ds">νουνεχῶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pragmatikw%3Ds">πραγματικῶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fcas">εἴξας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="parou%3Dsin">παροῦσιν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="spondw%3Dn">σπονδῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsewn">διαλύσεων</w> <w lemma="e%29cape%2Fstelle">ἐξαπέστελλε</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%2Fs">πρεσβευτάς</w>.
<w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="nomiste%2Fon">νομιστέον</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnos">ἡγεμόνος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="ble%2Fpein">βλέπειν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fn">τόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w>, <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fpesqai">λείπεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kairo%2Fn">καιρόν</w>.
<w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Alutati%2Fou">Λυτατίου</w> <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="decame%2Fnou">δεξαμένου</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="parakalou%2Fmena">παρακαλούμενα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="suneide%2Fnai">συνειδέναι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Frois">σφετέροις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w> <w lemma="tetrume%2Fnois">τετρυμένοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ka%2Fmnousin">κάμνουσιν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w>, <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="e%29piqei%3Dnai">ἐπιθεῖναι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="diafora%3D%7C">διαφορᾷ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="tinw%3Dn">τινῶν</w> <w lemma="sunqhkw%3Dn">συνθηκῶν</w> <w lemma="diagrafeisw%3Dn:">διαγραφεισῶν·</w>
"<w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Dsde">τοῖσδε</w> <w lemma="fili%2Fan">φιλίαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="dh%2Fmw%7C">δήμῳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="sundokh%3D%7C">συνδοκῇ</w>. <w lemma="e%29kxwrei%3Dn">ἐκχωρεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fas">Σικελίας</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fshs">ἁπάσης</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ie%2Frwni">Ἱέρωνι</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pife%2Frein">ἐπιφέρειν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fpla">ὅπλα</w> <w lemma="%2Asurakosi%2Fois">Συρακοσίοις</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Asurakosi%2Fwn">Συρακοσίων</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w>.
<w lemma="a%29podou%3Dnai">ἀποδοῦναι</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="lu%2Ftrwn">λύτρων</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpantas">ἅπαντας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ai%29xmalw%2Ftous">αἰχμαλώτους</w>. <w lemma="a%29rguri%2Fou">ἀργυρίου</w> <w lemma="katenegkei%3Dn">κατενεγκεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftesin">ἔτεσιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fkosi">εἴκοσι</w> <w lemma="disxi%2Flia">δισχίλια</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diako%2Fsia">διακόσια</w> <w lemma="ta%2Flanta">τάλαντα</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29boi+ka%2F">Εὐβοϊκά</w>."
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<head>End of the First Punic War</head>As far as strength of feeling and desire for victory were<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note158">Barcas makes terms.</note>concerned, this unexpected reverse did not diminish the readiness of the Carthaginians to carry on the war; but when they came to reckon up their resources they were at a complete standstill. On the one hand, they could not any longer send supplies to their forces in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a>, because the enemy commanded the sea: on the other, to abandon and, as it were, to betray these, left them without men and without leaders to carry on the war. They therefore sent a despatch to Barcas with all speed, leaving the decision of the whole matter in his hands. Nor was their confidence misplaced. He acted the part of a gallant general and a sensible man. As long as there was any reasonable hope of success in the business he had in hand, nothing was too adventurous or too dangerous for him to attempt; and if any general ever did so, he put every chance of victory to the fullest proof. But when all his endeavours miscarried, and no reasonable expectation was left of saving his troops, he yielded to the inevitable, and sent ambassadors to treat of peace and terms of accommodation. And in this he showed great good sense and practical ability; for it is quite as much the duty of a leader to be able to see when it is time to give in, as when it is the time to win a victory. Lutatius was ready enough to listen to the proposal, because he was fully aware that the<pb n="71" />resources of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> were at the lowest ebb from the strain of the war; and eventually it was his fortune to put an end to the contest by a treaty of which I here give the terms.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note159">The treaty, B, C, 242</note>"Friendship is established between the Carthaginians and Romans on the following terms, provided always that they are ratified by the Roman people. The Carthaginians shall evacuate the whole of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a>: they shall not make war upon Hiero, nor bear arms against the Syracusans or their allies. The Carthaginians shall give up to the Romans all prisoners without ransom. The Carthaginians shall pay to the Romans in twenty years 2200 Euboic talents of silver."<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note160">About £500,000. For the value of the talent, taking the Euboic and Attic talent as the same, see note on<ref target="b34c8" targOrder="U">Book 34, 8</ref>.</note>
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Walbank Commentary