Polybius, Histories

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Book 31 - Chapter 18

1
<w lemma="%2Aoi%28">Οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Atorkoua%3Dton">Τορκουᾶτον</w> <w lemma="diakomisqe%2Fntes">διακομισθέντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aleca%2Fndreian">Ἀλεξάνδρειαν</w> <w lemma="e%29peirw%3Dnto">ἐπειρῶντο</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="parakalei%3Dn">παρακαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="presbu%2Fteron">πρεσβύτερον</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Don">Πτολεμαῖον</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fesqai">διαλύεσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29delfo%5Cn">ἀδελφὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sugxwrei%3Dn">συγχωρεῖν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aku%2Fpron:">Κύπρον·</w>
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<w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29paggellome%2Fnou">ἐπαγγελλομένου</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="parakou%2Fontos">παρακούοντος</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftw%7C">τοιούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpw%7C">τρόπῳ</w> <w lemma="katatri%2Fbontos">κατατρίβοντος</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w>,
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<w lemma="stratopedeu%2Fwn">στρατοπεδεύων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="new%2Fteros">νεώτερος</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akrhtw%3Dn">Κρητῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fh%7C">Λιβύῃ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%3Dapin">Ἆπιν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="suntetagme%2Fnon">συντεταγμένον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="a%29sxa%2Fllwn">ἀσχάλλων</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="diasafh%2Fsasqai">διασαφήσασθαι</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29cape%2Fsteile">ἐξαπέστειλε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agna%2Fion">Γνάιον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aleca%2Fndreian">Ἀλεξάνδρειαν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="ka%29%5Cn">κἂν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Atorkoua%3Dton">Τορκουᾶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnous">ἐπιγενομένους</w>.
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<w lemma="sunecomoiwqe%2Fntos">συνεξομοιωθέντος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnou">χρόνου</w> <w lemma="dielkome%2Fnou">διελκομένου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tettara%2Fkonta">τετταράκοντα</w> <w lemma="dielqousw%3Dn">διελθουσῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28merw%3Dn">ἡμερῶν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mhdeno%5Cs">μηδενὸς</w> <w lemma="prospi%2Fptontos">προσπίπτοντος</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%29pori%2Fan">ἀπορίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fpipte">ἐνέπιπτε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="presbu%2Fteros">πρεσβύτερος</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnos">γένος</w> <w lemma="a%29reskei%2Fas">ἀρεσκείας</w> <w lemma="prosfero%2Fmenos">προσφερόμενος</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="e%29cidia%2Fsato">ἐξιδιάσατο</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parakate%2Fsxe">παρακατέσχε</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="e%28ko%2Fntas">ἑκόντας</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkontas">ἄκοντας</w>.
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<w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="prose%2Fpese">προσέπεσε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="newte%2Frw%7C">νεωτέρῳ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fw%7C">Πτολεμαίῳ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Fs">τούς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Akurhnai%2Fous">Κυρηναίους</w> <w lemma="a%29festa%2Fnai">ἀφεστάναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="sumfronei%3Dn">συμφρονεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w>, <w lemma="kekoinwnhke%2Fnai">κεκοινωνηκέναι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29posta%2Fsews">ἀποστάσεως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Don">Πτολεμαῖον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Asumpeth%3Dsin">Συμπετῆσιν</w>,
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<w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnos">γένος</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29gu%2Fptios">Αἰγύπτιος</w>, <w lemma="e%29pisteu%2Fqh">ἐπιστεύθη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pime%2Fleian">ἐπιμέλειαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="plou%3Dn">πλοῦν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prospipto%2Fntwn">προσπιπτόντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3D">βασιλεῖ</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgon">ὀλίγον</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="stratopedeu%2Fousin">στρατοπεδεύουσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pai%2Fqrois">ὑπαίθροις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akurhnai%3Doi">Κυρηναῖοι</w>, <w lemma="dei%2Fsas">δείσας</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="proslabei%3Dn">προσλαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aku%2Fpron">Κύπρον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akurh%2Fnhn">Κυρήνην</w> <w lemma="a%29pole%2Fsh%7C">ἀπολέσῃ</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%29%2Flla">τἄλλα</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frerga">πάρεργα</w> <w lemma="qe%2Fmenos">θέμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fzeucen">ἀνέζευξεν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akurh%2Fnhs">Κυρήνης</w>.
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<w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgan">μέγαν</w> <w lemma="kalou%2Fmenon">καλούμενον</w> <w lemma="%2Akatabaqmo%5Cn">Καταβαθμὸν</w> <w lemma="kate%2Flabe">κατέλαβε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbuas">Λίβυας</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akurhnai%2Fwn">Κυρηναίων</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fxontas">κατέχοντας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dusxwri%2Fas">δυσχωρίας</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w> <w lemma="a%29porou%2Fmenos">ἀπορούμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnonti">συμβαίνοντι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseis">ἡμίσεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stratiwtw%3Dn">στρατιωτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29mbiba%2Fsas">ἐμβιβάσας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="ploi%3Da">πλοῖα</w> <w lemma="periplei%3Dn">περιπλεῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dusxwri%2Fas">δυσχωρίας</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftace">ἐπέταξε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="nw%2Ftou">νώτου</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pifai%2Fnesqai">ἐπιφαίνεσθαι</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseis">ἡμίσεις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29bia%2Fzeto">ἐβιάζετο</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="sto%2Fma">στόμα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29na%2Fbasin">ἀνάβασιν</w>.
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fwn">Λιβύων</w> <w lemma="kataplage%2Fntwn">καταπλαγέντων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="leipo%2Fntwn">λειπόντων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29naba%2Fsews">ἀναβάσεως</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="ku%2Frios">κύριος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnhs">ὑποκειμένης</w> <w lemma="%2Atetrapurgi%2Fas">Τετραπυργίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Ffqonon">ἄφθονον</w> <w lemma="u%28%2Fdatos">ὕδατος</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28%2Fqen">ὅθεν</w> <w lemma="a%29formh%2Fsas">ἀφορμήσας</w> <w lemma="e%28bdomai%3Dos">ἑβδομαῖος</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dke">ἧκε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29rh%2Fmou">ἐρήμου</w>.
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<w lemma="parapleo%2Fntwn">παραπλεόντων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amoxuri%2Fnou">Μοχυρίνου</w>, <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akurhnai%2Fous">Κυρηναίους</w> <w lemma="stratopedeu%2Fein">στρατοπεδεύειν</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%29ktakisxili%2Fous">ὀκτακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2Akurhnai%3Doi">Κυρηναῖοι</w> <w lemma="pei%3Dran">πεῖραν</w> <w lemma="ei%29lhfo%2Ftes">εἰληφότες</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fsews">προαιρέσεως</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aleca%2Fndreian">Ἀλεξάνδρειαν</w> <w lemma="pepragme%2Fnwn">πεπραγμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="basilikh%2Fn">βασιλικήν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="turannikh%5Cn">τυραννικὴν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsan">οὖσαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhn">ὅλην</w> <w lemma="ai%28%2Fresin">αἵρεσιν</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Doi%2F">οἷοί</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29qelonth%5Cn">ἐθελοντὴν</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28pota%2Fttein">ὑποτάττειν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pome%2Fnein">ὑπομένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29to%2Flmwn">ἐτόλμων</w>, <w lemma="a%29ntexo%2Fmenoi">ἀντεχόμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan">ἐλευθερίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdos">ἐλπίδος</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="suneggi%2Fsantos">συνεγγίσαντος</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="pareta%2Fcanto:">παρετάξαντο·</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="h%28tth%2Fqh">ἡττήθη</w>. —
Meanwhile Torquatus and the other legates on arriving at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a> attempted to induce the elder Ptolemy to be reconciled to his brother and cede <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cyprus&groupId=119&placeId=356">Cyprus</a> to him.
When the king kept on alternately promising and refusing and thus wasted time,
his younger brother, who, as had been agreed, remained encamped with his Cretans near Apis in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Africa&groupId=300&placeId=294">Africa</a>, and was exceedingly put out at receiving no information, at first sent Gnaeus to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a>, supposing that he would bring Torquatus and the others.
But when Gnaeus proved equally inactive, and time dragged on, forty days having passed without any news, he did not know what to make of the whole matter.
For the elder king by every kind of complaisance won over the legates and detained them with him rather against their will than otherwise.
At the same time news reached the younger Ptolemy that the Cyreneans had revolted, that the towns were in sympathy with them, and that Ptolemy Sympetesis, an Egyptian,
whom he had placed in charge of the country when he left for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, had taken the part of the insurgents.
When he received this news, and when soon afterwards he heard that the Cyreneans had taken the field, fearing lest by trying to add <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cyprus&groupId=119&placeId=356">Cyprus</a> to his dominions he should lose <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cyrene&groupId=521&placeId=985">Cyrene</a> also, he treated all other matters as of lesser moment and at once marched on <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cyrene&groupId=521&placeId=985">Cyrene</a>.
Upon reaching the place known as the Great Slope he found the Libyans and Cyreneans occupying the pass.
Ptolemy, taken aback by this, embarked half of his force on the ships with orders to sail round the pass and take the enemy in the rear, while he himself with the other half advanced directly to force the ascent.
Upon the Libyans taking fright at this double attack and abandoning their position, he made himself master of the ascent and the place called the Four Towers beneath it, where there was plenty of water.
Setting out thence he arrived after six days' march through the desert.
The force under Mochyrinus coasted along parallel to him until they found the Cyreneans encamped eight thousand strong in foot and five hundred in cavalry.
For the Cyreneans had gained experience of Ptolemy\'s character from his behaviour at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a>, and, seeing that his government and his whole disposition were those of a tyrant rather than a king,
they were by no means disposed to submit willingly to his rule, but were resolved to suffer anything for the prospect of liberty.
They, therefore, on his approach, at once offered battle and in the end he was worsted.