Polybius, Histories

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Book 26 - Chapter 1

1
<w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29epifanh%5Cs">Ἐπιφανὴς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="klhqei%2Fs">κληθείς</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29epimanh%5Cs">Ἐπιμανὴς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcewn">πράξεων</w> <w lemma="o%29nomasqei%2Fs">ὀνομασθείς</w> <gap /><w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="fhsi">φησι</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fde">τάδε</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29podidra%2Fskwn">ἀποδιδράσκων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29lh%3Ds">αὐλῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fote">ἐνίοτε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="qerapeu%2Fontas">θεραπεύοντας</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxoi">τύχοι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="a%29lu%2Fwn">ἀλύων</w> <w lemma="e%29fai%2Fneto">ἐφαίνετο</w> <w lemma="deu%2Fteros">δεύτερος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Ftos">τρίτος</w>.
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<w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29rgurokopei%2Fois">ἀργυροκοπείοις</w> <w lemma="eu%28ri%2Fsketo">εὑρίσκετο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xrusoxoei%2Fois">χρυσοχοείοις</w>, <w lemma="eu%28rhsilogw%3Dn">εὑρησιλογῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="filotexnw%3Dn">φιλοτεχνῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="toreuta%5Cs">τορευτὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="texni%2Ftas">τεχνίτας</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fpeita">ἔπειτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="dhmotw%3Dn">δημοτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w> <w lemma="sugkatabai%2Fnwn">συγκαταβαίνων</w> <w lemma="w%28mi%2Flei">ὡμίλει</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxoi">τύχοι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="parepidhmou%2Fntwn">παρεπιδημούντων</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fpine">συνέπινε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29telesta%2Ftwn">εὐτελεστάτων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="newte%2Frwn">νεωτέρων</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Fsqoito%2F">αἴσθοιτό</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="suneuwxoume%2Fnous">συνευωχουμένους</w>, <w lemma="ou%29demi%2Fan">οὐδεμίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmfasin">ἔμφασιν</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsas">ποιήσας</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dn">παρῆν</w> <w lemma="e%29pikwma%2Fzwn">ἐπικωμάζων</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="kerati%2Fou">κερατίου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumfwni%2Fas">συμφωνίας</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fdocon">παράδοξον</w> <w lemma="a%29fistame%2Fnous">ἀφισταμένους</w> <w lemma="feu%2Fgein">φεύγειν</w>.
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<w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="basilikh%5Cn">βασιλικὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29poqe%2Fmenos">ἀποθέμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29sqh%3Dta">ἐσθῆτα</w> <w lemma="th%2Fbennan">τήβενναν</w> <w lemma="a%29nalabw%5Cn">ἀναλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="perih%2F%7Cei">περιῄει</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29gora%5Cn">ἀγορὰν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxairesia%2Fzwn">ἀρχαιρεσιάζων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="deciou%2Fmenos">δεξιούμενος</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="periptu%2Fsswn">περιπτύσσων</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="yh%3Dfon">ψῆφον</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29gorano%2Fmos">ἀγορανόμος</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnhtai">γένηται</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="dh%2Fmarxos">δήμαρχος</w>.
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<w lemma="tuxw%5Cn">τυχὼν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqi%2Fsas">καθίσας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29lefa%2Fntinon">ἐλεφάντινον</w> <w lemma="di%2Ffron">δίφρον</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqos">ἔθος</w> <w lemma="dih%2Fkoue">διήκουε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29gora%5Cn">ἀγορὰν</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnwn">γινομένων</w> <w lemma="sunallagma%2Ftwn">συναλλαγμάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="die%2Fkrine">διέκρινε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="pollh%3Ds">πολλῆς</w> <w lemma="spoudh%3Ds">σπουδῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fas">προθυμίας</w>. <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%29pori%2Fan">ἀπορίαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dge">ἦγε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pieikei%3Ds:">ἐπιεικεῖς·</w>
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29felh%3D">ἀφελῆ</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="u%28pela%2Fmbanon">ὑπελάμβανον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="maino%2Fmenon">μαινόμενον</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dwrea%5Cs">δωρεὰς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsios:">παραπλήσιος·</w> <w lemma="e%29di%2Fdou">ἐδίδου</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29straga%2Flous">ἀστραγάλους</w> <w lemma="dorkadei%2Fous">δορκαδείους</w>,
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<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="foinikobala%2Fnous">φοινικοβαλάνους</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xrusi%2Fon">χρυσίον</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29panth%2Fsews">ἀπαντήσεως</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tisin">τισιν</w> <w lemma="e%29ntugxa%2Fnwn">ἐντυγχάνων</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="e%28wra%2Fkei">ἑωράκει</w> <w lemma="pote%2F">ποτέ</w>, <w lemma="e%29di%2Fdou">ἐδίδου</w> <w lemma="dwrea%5Cs">δωρεὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29prosdokh%2Ftous">ἀπροσδοκήτους</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="qusi%2Fais">θυσίαις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="qeou%5Cs">θεοὺς</w> <w lemma="timai%3Ds">τιμαῖς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="u%28pere%2Fballe">ὑπερέβαλλε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="bebasileuko%2Ftas">βεβασιλευκότας</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="tekmh%2Fraito">τεκμήραιτο</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fk">ἔκ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fois">Ἀθηναίοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29olumpiei%2Fou">Ὀλυμπιείου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Adh%2Flw%7C">Δήλῳ</w> <w lemma="bwmo%5Cn">βωμὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndria%2Fntwn">ἀνδριάντων</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29lou%2Feto">ἐλούετο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ka%29n">κἀν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="dhmosi%2Fois">δημοσίοις</w> <w lemma="balanei%2Fois">βαλανείοις</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="dhmotw%3Dn">δημοτῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="balanei%3Da">βαλανεῖα</w> <w lemma="peplhrwme%2Fna">πεπληρωμένα</w>, <w lemma="kerami%2Fwn">κεραμίων</w> <w lemma="ei%29sferome%2Fnwn">εἰσφερομένων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="mu%2Frwn">μύρων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polutelesta%2Ftwn">πολυτελεστάτων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="ei%29po%2Fntos">εἰπόντος</w> <w lemma="“%2Amaka%2Frioi%2F">“Μακάριοί</w> <w lemma="e%29ste">ἐστε</w> <w lemma="u%28mei%3Ds">ὑμεῖς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3Ds">βασιλεῖς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="xrw%2Fmenoi">χρώμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="o%29dwdo%2Ftes">ὀδωδότες</w> <w lemma="h%28du%2F”">ἡδύ”</w> [<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w>] <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fnqrwpon">ἄνθρωπον</w> <w lemma="proseipw%2Fn">προσειπών</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fpou">ὅπου</w> '<w lemma="kei%3Dnos">κεῖνος</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29lou%3Dto">ἐλοῦτο</w>, <w lemma="e%29peiselqw%5Cn">ἐπεισελθὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fhsen">ἐποίησεν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kataxuqh%3Dnai">καταχυθῆναι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="kefalh%3Ds">κεφαλῆς</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgiston">μέγιστον</w> <w lemma="kera%2Fmion">κεράμιον</w> <w lemma="polutelesta%2Ftou">πολυτελεστάτου</w> <w lemma="mu%2Frou">μύρου</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stakth%3Ds">στακτῆς</w> <w lemma="kaloume%2Fnhs">καλουμένης</w>,
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<w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="a%29nasta%2Fntas">ἀναστάντας</w> <w lemma="kuli%2Fesqai">κυλίεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="louome%2Fnous">λουομένους</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="mu%2Frw%7C">μύρῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="glisxro%2Fthta">γλισχρότητα</w> <w lemma="katapi%2Fptontas">καταπίπτοντας</w> <w lemma="ge%2Flwta">γέλωτα</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fxein">παρέχειν</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w>.
Antiochus surnamed Epiphanes gained the name of Epimanes by his conduct. Polybius tells us of him that, escaping from his attendants at court, he would often be seen wandering about in all parts of the city with one or two companions.
He was chiefly found at the silversmiths' and goldsmiths' workshops, holding forth at length and discussing technical matters with the moulders and other craftsmen.
He used also to condescend to converse with any common people he met, and used to drink in the company of the meanest foreign visitors to Antioch.
Whenever he heard that any of the young men were at an entertainment, he would come in quite unceremoniously with a fife and a procession of musicians, so that most of the guests got up and left in astonishment.
He would frequently put off his royal robes, and, assuming a white toga, go round the market-place like a candidate, and, taking some by the hand and embracing others, would beg them to give him their vote, sometimes for the office of aedile and sometimes for that of tribune.
Upon being elected, he would sit upon the ivory curule chair, as the Roman custom is, listening to the lawsuits tried there, and pronouncing judgement with great pains and display of interest.
In consequence all respectable men were entirely puzzled about him, some looking upon him as a plain simple man and others as a madman. His conduct too was very similar as regards the presents he made.
To some people he used to give gazelles' knucklebones, to others dates, and to others money.
Occasionally he used to address people he had never seen before when he met them, and make them the most unexpected kind of presents.
But in the sacrifices he furnished to cities and in the honours he paid to the gods he far surpassed all his predecessors,
as we can tell from the temple of Olympian Zeus at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> and the statues round the altar at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a>.
He also used to bathe in the public baths, when they were full of common people, having jars of the most precious ointments brought in for him;
and on one occasion when some one said to him, "How lucky you are, you kings, to use such scents and smell so sweet!" he answered nothing at the time, but next day, when the man was having his bath, he came in after him and had a huge jar of most precious ointment called stacte poured over his head,
so that all the bathers jumped up and rolled themselves in it, and by slipping in it created great amusement, as did the king himself.