Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 24 - Chapter 10

1
<w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2Akallikra%2Fths">Καλλικράτης</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toiau%3Dt%27">τοιαῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29pw%5Cn">εἰπὼν</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%3Dlqen">ἀπῆλθεν</w>.
2
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdes">φυγάδες</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29peiselqo%2Fntes">ἐπεισελθόντες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="braxe%2Fa">βραχέα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="dida%2Fcantes">διδάξαντες</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="koino%5Cn">κοινὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fleon">ἔλεον</w> <w lemma="ei%29po%2Fntes">εἰπόντες</w> <w lemma="a%29nexw%2Frhsan">ἀνεχώρησαν</w>.
3
<w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="do%2Fcasa">δόξασα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Akallikra%2Fthn">Καλλικράτην</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3D%7C">αὐτῇ</w> <w lemma="sumfero%2Fntwn">συμφερόντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="didaxqei%3Dsa">διδαχθεῖσα</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="do%2Fgmasin">δόγμασιν</w> <w lemma="sunhgorou%3Dntas">συνηγοροῦντας</w> <w lemma="au%29%2Fcein">αὔξειν</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29ntile%2Fgontas">ἀντιλέγοντας</w> <w lemma="tapeinou%3Dn">ταπεινοῦν</w>,
4
<w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Fleto">ἐπεβάλετο</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="be%2Fltiston">βέλτιστον</w> <w lemma="i%28stame%2Fnous">ἱσταμένους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fois">ἰδίοις</w> <w lemma="politeu%2Fmasin">πολιτεύμασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29lattou%3Dn">ἐλαττοῦν</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dikai%2Fws">δικαίως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="a%29di%2Fkws">ἀδίκως</w>
5
<w lemma="prostre%2Fxontas">προστρέχοντας</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3D%7C">αὐτῇ</w> <w lemma="swmatopoiei%3Dn">σωματοποιεῖν</w>. <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3D%7C">αὐτῇ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="braxu%2F">βραχύ</w>, <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnou">χρόνου</w> <w lemma="probai%2Fnontos">προβαίνοντος</w>, <w lemma="kola%2Fkwn">κολάκων</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="eu%29porei%3Dn">εὐπορεῖν</w>, <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="spani%2Fzein">σπανίζειν</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqinw%3Dn">ἀληθινῶν</w>.
6
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Fdou">καθόδου</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdwn">φυγάδων</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fgraye">ἔγραψε</w>, <w lemma="parakalou%3Dsa">παρακαλοῦσα</w> <w lemma="sunepisxu%2Fein">συνεπισχύειν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%3Ds">Αἰτωλοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hpeirw%2Ftais">Ἠπειρώταις</w>, <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fois">Ἀθηναίοις</w>, <w lemma="%2Aboiwtoi%3Ds">Βοιωτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29akarna%3Dsin">Ἀκαρνᾶσιν</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="w%28sanei%5C">ὡσανεὶ</w> <w lemma="prosdiamarturome%2Fnh">προσδιαμαρτυρομένη</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="suntri%3Dyai">συντρῖψαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%2Fs">Ἀχαιούς</w>.
7
<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Akallikra%2Ftous">Καλλικράτους</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="parasiwph%2Fsasa">παρασιωπήσασα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="sumpresbeuta%5Cs">συμπρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="kate%2Ftacen">κατέταξεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fkrisin">ἀπόκρισιν</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftous">τοιούτους</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="politeu%2Fmasin">πολιτεύμασιν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Do%2Fs">οἷός</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="%2Akallikra%2Fths">Καλλικράτης</w>.
8
<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnos">προειρημένος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29pokri%2Fseis">ἀποκρίσεις</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dn">παρῆν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fda">Ἑλλάδα</w> <w lemma="perixarh%2Fs">περιχαρής</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="ei%29dw%5Cs">εἰδὼς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flwn">μεγάλων</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Dn">κακῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxhgo%5Cs">ἀρχηγὸς</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fgone">γέγονε</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhsi">Ἕλλησι</w>, <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w>.
9
<w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%3Dn">ἐξῆν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnous">ἐκείνους</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnous">χρόνους</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="poso%5Cn">ποσὸν</w> <w lemma="i%29sologi%2Fan">ἰσολογίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tethrhke%2Fnai">τετηρηκέναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanesta%2Ftois">ἐπιφανεστάτοις</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w>, <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="ei%28%2Flonto">εἵλοντο</w>, <w lemma="le%2Fgw">λέγω</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon">Ἀντίοχον</w>,
10
<w lemma="ou%28%2Ftw">οὕτω</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnous">ἔθνους</w> <w lemma="hu%29chme%2Fnou">ηὐξημένου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prokoph%5Cn">προκοπὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29lhfo%2Ftos">εἰληφότος</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="be%2Fltiston">βέλτιστον</w> <w lemma="a%29f%27">ἀφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="i%28storou%3Dmen">ἱστοροῦμεν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnwn">χρόνων</w>, <w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5C">ἀρχὴ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dron">χεῖρον</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="metabolh%3Ds">μεταβολῆς</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Akallikra%2Ftous">Καλλικράτους</w> <w lemma="qra%2Fsos">θράσος</w> *
11
? <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fnqrwpoi">ἄνθρωποι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="yuxh%3D%7C">ψυχῇ</w> <w lemma="xrw%2Fmenoi">χρώμενοι</w> <w lemma="lampra%3D%7C">λαμπρᾷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fsei">προαιρέσει</w> <w lemma="kalh%3D%7C">καλῇ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29leou%3Dsi">ἐλεοῦσι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29ptaiko%2Ftas">ἐπταικότας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="peirw%3Dntai">πειρῶνται</w> <w lemma="xari%2Fzesqai">χαρίζεσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="katafeu%2Fgousin">καταφεύγουσιν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs:">αὐτούς·</w>
12
<w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fntoi">μέντοι</w> <w lemma="ge%2F">γέ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmnhse">ὑπέμνησε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dikai%2Fwn">δικαίων</w>, <w lemma="tethrhkw%5Cs">τετηρηκὼς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29natre%2Fxousi">ἀνατρέχουσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diorqou%3Dntai">διορθοῦνται</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fstois">πλείστοις</w>.
13
<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akallikra%2Fths">Καλλικράτης</w> <w lemma="presbeu%2Fsas">πρεσβεύσας</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dtas">ἐνεστῶτας</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="di%2Fkaia">δίκαια</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w>, <w lemma="xrhsa%2Fmenos">χρησάμενος</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%29nanti%2Fon">τοὐναντίον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunepispasa%2Fmenos">συνεπισπασάμενος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Amesshni%2Fous">Μεσσηνίους</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29neka%2Floun">ἐνεκάλουν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w>, <w lemma="parh%3Dn">παρῆν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axai+%2Fan">Ἀχαΐαν</w> <w lemma="prosanateino%2Fmenos">προσανατεινόμενος</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbon:">φόβον·</w>
14
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29popresbei%2Fan">ἀποπρεσβείαν</w> <w lemma="kataplhca%2Fmenos">καταπληξάμενος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="suntri%2Fyas">συντρίψας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlous">ὄχλους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29de%2Fnai">εἰδέναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29lh%2Fqeian">ἀλήθειαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rhme%2Fnwn">εἰρημένων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftw%7C">συγκλήτῳ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%2Fs">πολλούς</w>, <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="h%28%7Cre%2Fqh">ᾑρέθη</w> <w lemma="strathgo%2Fs">στρατηγός</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="kakoi%3Ds">κακοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dwrodokhqei%2Fs">δωροδοκηθείς</w>,
15
<w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="paralabw%5Cn">παραλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="kath%3Dge">κατῆγε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedai%2Fmonos">Λακεδαίμονος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Amessh%2Fnhs">Μεσσήνης</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdas">φυγάδας</w>. —
Callicrates retired after speaking in these or similar terms.
The exiles entered next, and, after stating their case in a few words and making a general appeal for compassion, withdrew.
The senate, thinking that what Callicrates had said was in their interest, and learning from him that they should exalt those who supported their decrees and humble those who opposed them, now first began the policy of weakening those members of the several states who worked for the best, and of strengthening those, who, no matter whether rightly or wrongly, appealed to its authority.
The consequence of this was that gradually, as time went on, they had plenty of flatterers but very few true friends.
They actually went so far on the present occasion as to write not only to the Achaeans on the subject of the return of the exiles, begging them to contribute to strengthening the position of these men, but to the Aetolians, Epirots, Athenians, Boeotians, and Acarnanians, calling them all as it were to witness as if for the express purpose of crushing the Achaeans.
Speaking of Callicrates alone with no mention of the other envoys, they wrote in their official answer that there ought to be more men in the several states like Callicrates.
He now returned to Greece with this answer in high spirits, quite unaware that he had been the initiator of great calamities for all Greece, and especially for the Achaeans.
For it was still possible for the Achaeans even at this period to deal with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> on more or less equal terms, as they had remained faithful to her ever since they had taken her part in the most important times — I mean the wars with Philip and Antiochus —
but now after the Achaean League had become stronger and most prosperous than at any time recorded in history, this effrontery of Callicrates was the beginning of a change for the worse. . . .
The Romans are men, and with their noble disposition and high principles pity all who are in misfortune and appeal to them;
but, when anyone who has remained true to them reminds them of the claims of justice, they usually draw back and correct themselves as far as they can.
On the present occasion Callicrates, who had been sent to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> to state the just claims of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a>, did exactly the opposite, and having dragged in the Messenian question, about which the Romans did not even raise any complaint, returned to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a> armed with threats of Roman displeasure.
By his report he overawed and crushed the spirits of the people, who were perfectly ignorant of the words he had actually used in the Senate; first of all he was elected strategus, taking bribes in addition to all his other misconduct,
and next, on entering upon office, brought back the Spartan and Messenian exiles.