Polybius, Histories

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Book 21 - Chapter 13

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<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fan">ναυμαχίαν</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnhn">γενομένην</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dttan">ἧτταν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Asa%2Frdesin">Σάρδεσιν</w> <w lemma="pariei%5Cs">παριεὶς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katame%2Fllwn">καταμέλλων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="puqe%2Fsqai">πυθέσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="suntribei%5Cs">συντριβεὶς</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="dianoi%2Fa%7C">διανοίᾳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="duselpisth%2Fsas">δυσελπιστήσας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fkrinen">ἔκρινεν</w> <w lemma="diape%2Fmpesqai">διαπέμπεσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkion">Λεύκιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsewn">διαλύσεων</w>.
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<w lemma="proxeirisa%2Fmenos">προχειρισάμενος</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28hraklei%2Fdhn">Ἡρακλείδην</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Abuza%2Fntion">Βυζάντιον</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpemye">ἐξέπεμψε</w>, <w lemma="dou%5Cs">δοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%5Cs">ἐντολὰς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="paraxwrei%3D">παραχωρεῖ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alamyakhnw%3Dn">Λαμψακηνῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asmurnai%2Fwn">Σμυρναίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alecandre%2Fwn">Ἀλεξανδρέων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemos">πόλεμος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flabe">ἔλαβε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%2Fs:">ἀρχάς·</w>
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<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ka%29%2Fn">κἄν</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Fras">ἑτέρας</w> <w lemma="u%28fairei%3Dsqai">ὑφαιρεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="bou%2Flwntai">βούλωνται</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29oli%2Fda">Αἰολίδα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29iwni%2Fan">Ἰωνίαν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fsai">ὅσαι</w> <w lemma="ta%29kei%2Fnwn">τἀκείνων</w> <w lemma="h%28%2F%7Crhntai">ᾕρηνται</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dta">ἐνεστῶτα</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>.
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<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseian">ἡμίσειαν</w> <w lemma="dw%2Fsei">δώσει</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="gegenhme%2Fnhs">γεγενημένης</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="dapa%2Fnhs">δαπάνης</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="diafora%2Fn">διαφοράν</w>.
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<w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="pempo%2Fmenos">πεμπόμενος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%5Cs">ἐντολὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="koino%5Cn">κοινὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnteucin">ἔντευξιν</w>, <w lemma="i%29di%2Fa%7C">ἰδίᾳ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Fras">ἑτέρας</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="dhlw%2Fsomen">δηλώσομεν</w>.
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<w lemma="a%29fiko%2Fmenos">ἀφικόμενος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fsponton">Ἑλλήσποντον</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnos">προειρημένος</w> <w lemma="presbeuth%5Cs">πρεσβευτὴς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katalabw%5Cn">καταλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnontas">μένοντας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fas">στρατοπεδείας</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="kateskh%2Fnwsan">κατεσκήνωσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="diaba%2Fsews">διαβάσεως</w>,
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<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fsqh">ἥσθη</w>, <w lemma="nomi%2Fzwn">νομίζων</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="sunergo%5Cn">συνεργὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnteucin">ἔντευξιν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn">ὑποκειμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="w%28rmhke%2Fnai">ὡρμηκέναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w>,
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<w lemma="puqo%2Fmenos">πυθόμενος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fran">πέραν</w> <w lemma="e%29dusxrh%2Fsthse">ἐδυσχρήστησε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fsthn">πλείστην</w> <w lemma="r%28oph%5Cn">ῥοπὴν</w> <w lemma="kei%3Dsqai">κεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> '<w lemma="kei%2Fnou">κείνου</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fsei">προαιρέσει</w>.
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<w lemma="ai%29%2Ftion">αἴτιον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prw%2Fths">πρώτης</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kexwri%2Fsqai">κεχωρίσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flion">σάλιον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w>. <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w>,
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<w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fas">πολιτείας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhtai">εἴρηται</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="triw%3Dn">τριῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28%5Cn">ἓν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fsthma">σύστημα</w>, <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanesta%2Ftas">ἐπιφανεστάτας</w> <w lemma="qusi%2Fas">θυσίας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="suntelei%3Dsqai">συντελεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="qeoi%3Ds:">θεοῖς·</w> *
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? <w lemma="triakonqh%2Fmeron">τριακονθήμερον</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="metabai%2Fnein">μεταβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qusi%2Fas">θυσίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fra%7C">χώρᾳ</w> <w lemma="katalhfqw%3Dsin">καταληφθῶσιν</w> [<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flioi">σάλιοι</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w>].
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<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="%2Apopli%2Fw%7C:">Ποπλίῳ·</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="mellou%2Fshs">μελλούσης</w> <w lemma="peraiou%3Dsqai">περαιοῦσθαι</w> <w lemma="kate%2Flaben">κατέλαβεν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnos">χρόνος</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="metabalei%3Dn">μεταβαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="to%2Fn">τόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwna">Σκιπίωνα</w> <w lemma="xwrisqh%3Dnai">χωρισθῆναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mei%3Dnai">μεῖναι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rw%2Fphn">Εὐρώπην</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="peraiwqei%2Fsas">περαιωθείσας</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn">ὑποκειμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="mhqe%2Fn">μηθέν</w>, <w lemma="prosanadexome%2Fnas">προσαναδεχομένας</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w>.
<head>Attempt of Antiochus to make peace</head>Antiochus, who, after his defeat in the naval engagement, remained in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sardis&groupId=948&placeId=1686">Sardis</a> neglecting his opportunities and generally deferring action of any kind,
on learning that the enemy had crossed to Asia, was crushed in spirit and, abandoning all hope, decided to send to the Scipios to beg for peace.
He therefore appointed and dispatched Heracleides of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Byzantium&groupId=415&placeId=767">Byzantium</a>, instructing him to say that he gave up <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lampsacus&groupId=666&placeId=1218">Lampsacus</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Smyrna&groupId=981&placeId=1733">Smyrna</a>, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a> Troas, the towns which were the cause of the war, as well as such other places in Aeolis and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ionia&groupId=171&placeId=413">Ionia</a> as they chose to take among those which had sided with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> in the present war.
He also engaged to pay half the expenses which their quarrel with him had caused them.
These were the instructions that his envoy was to deliver in his public audience, and there were other private ones he was to convey to Scipio of which I will give a detailed account further on.
Heracleides, on reaching the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Hellespont&groupId=620&placeId=1141">Hellespont</a> and finding the Romans still encamped on the place where they had pitched their tents immediately after crossing, was at first glad of this, thinking that the fact that the enemy remained stationary and had as yet not attempted to make any progress would tell in his favour at the audience; but on learning that public Scipio still remained on the further side, he was distressed, as the result very largely depended on the intentions of that commander.
The real reason why both the army remained in its first camp and Scipio was apart from it was that the latter was one of the . These are, as I said in my book on the Roman constitution, one of the three colleges whose duty it is to perform the principal sacrifices, and, no matter where they happen to be, it is forbidden for them to change their residence for thirty days during the celebration of the sacrifices.
This was now the case with Scipio; for just as his army was crossing, he was caught by this period, so that he could not change his residence.
The consequence was that he was separated from his army and stopped behind in Europe, while the legions after crossing remained inactive, and were unable to make any progress as they were awaiting his arrival.