Polybius, Histories

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Book 11 - Chapter 12

1
<w lemma="%2A%28%2Fama">Ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fnopton">σύνοπτον</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="paragenome%2Fnhn">παραγενομένην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="e%29piporeuo%2Fmenos">ἐπιπορευόμενος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="susth%2Fmata">συστήματα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="falaggitw%3Dn">φαλαγγιτῶν</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="braxe%2Fws">βραχέως</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w>, <w lemma="e%29mfantikw%3Ds">ἐμφαντικῶς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntos">παρόντος</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w>.
2
<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dsta">πλεῖστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnwn">λεγομένων</w> <w lemma="a%29safh%3D">ἀσαφῆ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai:">γίνεσθαι·</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlwn">ὄχλων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%5Cn">ὁρμὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fan">προθυμίαν</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fsth">παρέστη</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="paraplhsi%2Fan">παραπλησίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29nqousiasmw%3D%7C">ἐνθουσιασμῷ</w>. <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29ntipara%2Fklhsin">ἀντιπαράκλησιν</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fgein">ἄγειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qarrei%3Dn">θαρρεῖν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="parakeleuome%2Fnwn:">παρακελευομένων·</w>
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<w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="me%2Fntoi">μέντοι</w> <w lemma="para%2Fpan">παράπαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pimelw%3Ds">ἐπιμελῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29peira%3Dto">ἐπειρᾶτο</w> <w lemma="diasafei%3Dn">διασαφεῖν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="la%2Fboi">λάβοι</w> <w lemma="kairo%2Fn">καιρόν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="ai%29sxra%3Ds">αἰσχρᾶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="e%29poneidi%2Fstou">ἐπονειδίστου</w> <w lemma="doulei%2Fas">δουλείας</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="a%29eimnh%2Fstou">ἀειμνήστου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lampra%3Ds">λαμπρᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fas">ἐλευθερίας</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fsthken">συνέστηκεν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="parw%5Cn">παρὼν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Amaxani%2Fdas">Μαχανίδας</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fdeicen">ὑπέδειξεν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="o%29rqi%2Fa%7C">ὀρθίᾳ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggi">φάλαγγι</w> <w lemma="prosmi%2Fcwn">προσμίξων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="decio%5Cn">δεξιὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn:">πολεμίων·</w> <w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29plhsi%2Fase">ἐπλησίασε</w>, <w lemma="labw%5Cn">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmmetron">σύμμετρον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fsthma">ἀπόστημα</w> <w lemma="perie%2Fkla">περιέκλα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fru">δόρυ</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parektei%2Fnas">παρεκτείνας</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fson">ἴσον</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fhse">ἐποίησε</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="decio%5Cn">δεξιὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29wnu%2Fmw%7C">εὐωνύμῳ</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="katape%2Fltas">καταπέλτας</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsthse">ἐπέστησε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="diasth%2Fmasin">διαστήμασιν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Afilopoi%2Fmhn">Φιλοποίμην</w> <w lemma="qeasa%2Fmenos">θεασάμενος</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%2Fn">ἐπιβολήν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="katape%2Fltais">καταπέλταις</w> <w lemma="e%29peno%2Fei">ἐπενόει</w> <w lemma="balw%5Cn">βαλὼν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="spei%2Fras">σπείρας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="falaggitw%3Dn">φαλαγγιτῶν</w> <w lemma="traumati%2Fzein">τραυματίζειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qo%2Frubon">θόρυβον</w> <w lemma="e%29mpoiei%3Dn">ἐμποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fdwken">ἔδωκεν</w> <w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nastrofh%2Fn">ἀναστροφήν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Ataranti%2Fnwn">Ταραντίνων</w> <w lemma="e%29nergw%3Ds">ἐνεργῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%3Dto">ἐχρῆτο</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="katarxh%3D%7C">καταρχῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aposei%2Fdion">Ποσείδιον</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="e%29pipe%2Fdous">ἐπιπέδους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppikh%5Cn">ἱππικὴν</w> <w lemma="eu%29fuei%3Ds">εὐφυεῖς</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w>.
7
<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Amaxani%2Fdas">Μαχανίδας</w> <w lemma="o%28rw%3Dn">ὁρῶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmenon">γινόμενον</w> <w lemma="h%29nagka%2Fzeto">ἠναγκάζετο</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsion">παραπλήσιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunafei%3Dnai">συναφεῖναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Ataranti%2Fnous">Ταραντίνους</w>.
soon as the enemy were well in view he rode along the divisions of the phalanx and addressed them in a few brief words, pointing out the importance of the coming battle.
Most of what he said was not distinctly heard, because, owing to the soldiers' affection for him and reliance on him, such was their ardour and zeal that they responded to his address by what was almost a transport of enthusiasm, exhorting him to lead them on be of good heart.
The general tenor, however, of what he attempted to point out to them whenever he got the chance, was that in the present battle the enemy were fighting for shameful and ignominious slavery and they themselves for imperishable and glorious liberty.
Machanidas at first looked as if he were about to charge the enemy's right with his phalanx in column, but on approaching, when he found himself at the pro distance he wheeled to the right, and deploying into line made his own right wing equal in extent to the Achaean left, placing his catapults at certain intervals in front of his whole army.
Philopoemen, seeing that Machanidas' plan was by shooting at the divisions of the phalanx to wound the men and throw the whole force into disorder,
gave him not a moment's leisure, but vigorously opened the attack with his Tarentines in the neighbourhood of the temple of Poseidon
where the ground was flat and suitable for cavalry. Machanidas, when he saw this, was obliged to likewise and order his own Tarentines to charge at the same time.