Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 11 - Chapter 13

1
<w lemma="%2Ato%5C">Τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%2Fdhs">ἀνδρώδης</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmptwsis:">σύμπτωσις·</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="braxu%5C">βραχὺ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prosginome%2Fnwn">προσγινομένων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="piezome%2Fnois">πιεζομένοις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnwn">εὐζώνων</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnu">πάνυ</w> <w lemma="braxei%3D">βραχεῖ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnw%7C">χρόνῳ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="ceniko%5Cn">ξενικὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29nami%5Cc">ἀναμὶξ</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w>,
2
<w lemma="pa%2Fnth%7C">πάντῃ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%3Ds">συμπλοκῆς</w> <w lemma="a%28qro%2Fws">ἁθρόως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnhs">γινομένης</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5Cn">πολὺν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frisos">πάρισος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="loipa%5Cs">λοιπὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w>, <w lemma="karadokou%2Fsas">καραδοκούσας</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28pote%2Frwn">ὁποτέρων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="koniorto%5Cs">κονιορτὸς</w> <w lemma="traph%2Fsetai">τραπήσεται</w>, <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="sumbalei%3Dn">συμβαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frous">ἀμφοτέρους</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="diakate%2Fxontas">διακατέχοντας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh%7C">μάχῃ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w>.
3
<w lemma="xro%2Fnou">χρόνου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnou">γινομένου</w> <w lemma="kati%2Fsxuon">κατίσχυον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="eu%29xeiri%2Fais">εὐχειρίαις</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fcin">ἕξιν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tura%2Fnnou">τυράννου</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Froi">μισθοφόροι</w>.
4
<w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%2Ftws">εἰκότως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fpan">παράπαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fwqe">εἴωθε</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w>.
5
<w lemma="o%28%2Fsw%7C">ὅσῳ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="dhmokrati%2Fais">δημοκρατίαις</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlous">ὄχλους</w> <w lemma="proqumote%2Frous">προθυμοτέρους</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemikoi%3Ds">πολεμικοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dsi">ἀγῶσι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="tura%2Fnnois">τυράννοις</w> <w lemma="politikw%3Dn">πολιτικῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28potattome%2Fnwn">ὑποταττομένων</w>, <w lemma="tosou%2Ftw%7C">τοσούτῳ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="mona%2Frxois">μονάρχοις</w> <w lemma="cenika%5C">ξενικὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="dhmokrati%2Fais">δημοκρατίαις</w> <w lemma="misqoforou%2Fntwn">μισθοφορούντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%5Cs">εἰκὸς</w> <w lemma="u%28pera%2Fgein">ὑπεράγειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Frein">διαφέρειν</w>.
6
<w lemma="w%28%2Fsper">ὥσπερ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnwn">ἐκείνων</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fas">ἐλευθερίας</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%2Fn">ἐστίν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="doulei%2Fas">δουλείας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="o%28mologoume%2Fnhs">ὁμολογουμένης</w> <w lemma="e%29panorqw%2Fsews">ἐπανορθώσεως</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="prodh%2Flou">προδήλου</w> <w lemma="bla%2Fbhs">βλάβης</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="filotimi%2Fa">φιλοτιμία</w>.
7
<w lemma="dhmokrati%2Fa">δημοκρατία</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w>, <w lemma="e%29panelome%2Fnh">ἐπανελομένη</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibouleu%2Fsantas">ἐπιβουλεύσαντας</w>, <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frois">μισθοφόροις</w> <w lemma="threi%3D">τηρεῖ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28auth%3Ds">ἑαυτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan:">ἐλευθερίαν·</w> <w lemma="turanni%5Cs">τυραννὶς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fsw%7C">ὅσῳ</w> <w lemma="meizo%2Fnwn">μειζόνων</w> <w lemma="e%29fi%2Fetai">ἐφίεται</w>, <w lemma="tosou%2Ftw%7C">τοσούτῳ</w> <w lemma="pleio%2Fnwn">πλειόνων</w> <w lemma="prosdei%3Dtai">προσδεῖται</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w>.
8
<w lemma="plei%2Fonas">πλείονας</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29dikou%3Dsa">ἀδικοῦσα</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fonas">πλείονας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibouleu%2Fontas">ἐπιβουλεύοντας</w>. <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="mona%2Frxwn">μονάρχων</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleia">ἀσφάλεια</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fpan">παράπαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ce%2Fnwn">ξένων</w> <w lemma="eu%29noi%2Fa%7C">εὐνοίᾳ</w> <w lemma="kei%3Dtai">κεῖται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmei">δυνάμει</w>.
first the Tarentines alone were engaged, fighting gallantly, but as the light-armed infantry gradually came up to the support of those who were hard pressed, in quite a short time the mercenaries on both sides were mixed up.
They were fighting all over the field, in a confused crowd and man to man. For long the struggle was so equally balanced that the rest of the army, who were waiting to see to which side the cloud of dust was carried, could not make this out, since both long remained occupying their original positions.
But after some time the tyrant's mercenaries prevailed by their superior numbers and skill,
for they were well trained.
This is generally what is liable to happen, since by as much as the civic force of a democracy is more courageous in action than the subjects of a tyrant, by so much will a despot's mercenaries in all probability excel those who serve for hire in a democracy.
For as in the former case one side is fighting for freedom and the other for slavery, so nit case of the mercenaries the one force is fighting for manifest improvement in their situation and the other for evident damage to their own;
since a democracy when it has destroyed those who conspire against it no longer requires mercenaries to protect its freedom, but a tyranny, the more ambitious its aims, requires all the more mercenaries.
For since it injures more people it has the more conspiring against it, and in general it may be said that the safety of despots depends on the affection and strength of their foreign soldiers.