<w lemma="%2Ama%2Flista">Μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29pitimh%2Fseie">ἐπιτιμήσειε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeopo%2Fmpw%7C">Θεοπόμπῳ</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fs">ὅς</w> <w lemma="g%27">γ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3D%7C">ἀρχῇ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="sunta%2Fcews">συντάξεως</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="parormhqh%3Dnai">παρορμηθῆναι</w> <w lemma="fh%2Fsas">φήσας</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pragmatei%2Fas">πραγματείας</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fpote">μηδέποτε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rw%2Fphn">Εὐρώπην</w> <w lemma="e%29nhnoxe%2Fnai">ἐνηνοχέναι</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dton">τοιοῦτον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="para%2Fpan">παράπαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29amu%2Fntou">Ἀμύντου</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w>,
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fdas">πόδας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fn">ἔν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="prooimi%2Fw%7C">προοιμίῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhn">ὅλην</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fan">ἱστορίαν</w>, <w lemma="a%29krate%2Fstaton">ἀκρατέστατον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29podei%2Fknusi">ἀποδείκνυσι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkas">γυναῖκας</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fdion">ἴδιον</w> <w lemma="oi%29%3Dkon">οἶκον</w> <w lemma="e%29sfalke%2Fnai">ἐσφαλκέναι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%5Cn">ὁρμὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prostasi%2Fan">προστασίαν</w>,
<w lemma="a%29dikw%2Ftaton">ἀδικώτατον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kakopragmone%2Fstaton">κακοπραγμονέστατον</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="kataskeua%2Fs">κατασκευάς</w>, <w lemma="plei%2Fstas">πλείστας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="e%29chndrapodisme%2Fnon">ἐξηνδραποδισμένον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pepracikophko%2Fta">πεπραξικοπηκότα</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="do%2Flou">δόλου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fas">βίας</w>,
<w lemma="e%29kpaqh%3D">ἐκπαθῆ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fta">γεγονότα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29kratoposi%2Fas">ἀκρατοποσίας</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meq%27">μεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="pleona%2Fkis">πλεονάκις</w> <w lemma="mequ%2Fonta">μεθύοντα</w> <w lemma="katafanh%3D">καταφανῆ</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flois">φίλοις</w>.
<w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="a%29nagnw%3Dnai">ἀναγνῶναι</w> <w lemma="boulhqei%2Fh">βουληθείη</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29na%2Fths">ἐνάτης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tettarakosth%3Ds">τετταρακοστῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="bu%2Fblou">βύβλου</w>, <w lemma="panta%2Fpasin">παντάπασιν</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="qauma%2Fsai">θαυμάσαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29topi%2Fan">ἀτοπίαν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="suggrafe%2Fws">συγγραφέως</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fs">ὅς</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="teto%2Flmhke">τετόλμηκε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein:">λέγειν·</w> <w lemma="au%29tai%3Ds">αὐταῖς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fcesin">λέξεσιν</w>, <w lemma="ai%28%3Ds">αἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnos">ἐκεῖνος</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fxrhtai">κέχρηται</w>, <w lemma="katateta%2Fxamen:">κατατετάχαμεν·</w> "
<w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhsin">Ἕλλησιν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="barba%2Frois">βαρβάροις</w>" <w lemma="fhsi%2F">φησί</w> "<w lemma="la%2Fstauros">λάσταυρος</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="qrasu%5Cs">θρασὺς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fan">Μακεδονίαν</w> <w lemma="a%28qroizo%2Fmenoi">ἁθροιζόμενοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="e%28tai%3Droi">ἑταῖροι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="proshgoreu%2Fonto">προσηγορεύοντο</w>.
<w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kosmi%2Fous">κοσμίους</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fqesi">ἤθεσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fwn">βίων</w> <w lemma="e%29pimeloume%2Fnous">ἐπιμελουμένους</w> <w lemma="a%29pedoki%2Fmaze">ἀπεδοκίμαζε</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="polutelei%3Ds">πολυτελεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="zw%3Dntas">ζῶντας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fqais">μέθαις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ku%2Fbois">κύβοις</w> <w lemma="e%29ti%2Fma">ἐτίμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proh%3Dge">προῆγε</w>.
<w lemma="toigarou%3Dn">τοιγαροῦν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dt%27">ταῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="pareskeu%2Fazen">παρεσκεύαζεν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhs">ἄλλης</w> <w lemma="a%29diki%2Fas">ἀδικίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="bdeluri%2Fas">βδελυρίας</w> <w lemma="a%29qlhta%5Cs">ἀθλητὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fhse">ἐποίησε</w>. <w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ai%29sxrw%3Dn">αἰσχρῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="deinw%3Dn">δεινῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="prosh%3Dn">προσῆν</w>;
<w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Dn">καλῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="spoudai%2Fwn">σπουδαίων</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%3Dn">ἀπῆν</w>; <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="curo%2Fmenoi">ξυρόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="leaino%2Fmenoi">λεαινόμενοι</w> <w lemma="diete%2Floun">διετέλουν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w> <w lemma="e%29to%2Flmwn">ἐτόλμων</w> <w lemma="e%29pani%2Fstasqai">ἐπανίστασθαι</w> <w lemma="pw%2Fgwnas">πώγωνας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxousi">ἔχουσι</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="perih%2Fgonto">περιήγοντο</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="trei%3Ds">τρεῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%28taireuome%2Fnous">ἑταιρευομένους</w>, <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="au%29ta%5Cs">αὐτὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnois">ἐκείνοις</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fseis">χρήσεις</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frois">ἑτέροις</w> <w lemma="parei%2Fxonto">παρείχοντο</w>.
<w lemma="o%28%2Fqen">ὅθεν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dikai%2Fws">δικαίως</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="e%28tai%2Frous">ἑταίρους</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28tai%2Fras">ἑταίρας</w> <w lemma="u%28pela%2Fmbanen">ὑπελάμβανεν</w> [<w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w>] <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="stratiw%2Ftas">στρατιώτας</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="xamaitu%2Fpous">χαμαιτύπους</w> <w lemma="proshgo%2Freusen:">προσηγόρευσεν·</w>
<w lemma="a%29ndrofo%2Fnoi">ἀνδροφόνοι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsin">φύσιν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="a%29ndro%2Fpornoi">ἀνδρόπορνοι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>.
<w lemma="a%28plw%3Ds">ἁπλῶς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29pei%3Dn">εἰπεῖν</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="pau%2Fswmai">παύσωμαι</w>" <w lemma="fhsi%2F">φησί</w> "<w lemma="makrologw%3Dn">μακρολογῶν</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fllws">ἄλλως</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%2Ftwn">τοσούτων</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="e%29pikexume%2Fnwn">ἐπικεχυμένων</w>, <w lemma="h%28gou%3Dmai">ἡγοῦμαι</w> <w lemma="toiau%3Dta">τοιαῦτα</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w> <w lemma="gegone%2Fnai">γεγονέναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftous">τοιούτους</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flous">φίλους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%28tai%2Frous">ἑταίρους</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="prosagoreuqe%2Fntas">προσαγορευθέντας</w> <w lemma="oi%28%2Fous">οἵους</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akentau%2Frous">Κενταύρους</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aph%2Flion">Πήλιον</w> <w lemma="katasxo%2Fntas">κατασχόντας</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Alaistrugo%2Fnas">Λαιστρυγόνας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleonti%2Fnwn">Λεοντίνων</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fon">πεδίον</w> <w lemma="oi%29kh%2Fsantas">οἰκήσαντας</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Ft%27">οὔτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28poi%2Fous">ὁποίους</w>."
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<head>The Assault By Land Repulsed</head>Nor was Appius Claudius more successful. He, too, was compelled by similar difficulties to desist from the attempt; for while his men were still at a considerable distance from the wall, they began falling by the stones and shots from the engines and catapults. The volleys of missiles, indeed, were extraordinarily rapid and sharp, for their construction had been provided for by all the liberality of a Hiero, and had been planned and engineered by the skill of an Archimedes. Moreover, when they did at length get near the walls, they were prevented from making an assault by the unceasing fire through the loop-holes, which I mentioned before; or if they tried to carry the place under cover of pent-houses, they were<pb n="534" />killed by the stones and beams let down upon their heads. The garrison also did them no little damage with those hands at the end of their engines; for they used to lift the men, armour, and all, into the air, and then throw them down. At last Appius retired into the camp, and summoning the Tribunes to a council of war, decided to try every possible means of taking <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syracuse&groupId=994&placeId=1753">Syracuse</a> except a storm.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note17">The siege turned into a blockade, B.C. 214. Coss. Q. Fabius Maximus IV. M. Claudius Marcellus III.</note>And this decision they carried out; for during the eight months of siege which followed, though there was no stratagem or measure of daring which they did not attempt, they never again ventured to attempt a storm. So true it is that one man and one intellect, properly qualified for the particular undertaking, is a host in itself and of extraordinary efficacy. In this instance, at any rate, we find the Romans confident that their forces by land and sea would enable them to become masters of the town, if only one old man could be got rid of; while as long as he remained there, they did not venture even to think of making the attempt, at least by any method which made it possible for Archimedes to oppose them. They believed, however, that their best chance of reducing the garrison was by a failure of provisions sufficient for so large a number as were within the town; they therefore relied upon this hope, and with their ships tried to cut off their supplies by sea, and with their army by land. But desiring that the time during which they were blockading <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syracuse&groupId=994&placeId=1753">Syracuse</a> should not be entirely wasted, but that some addition should be made to their power in other parts of the country, the two commanders separated and divided the troops between them: Appius Claudius keeping two-thirds and continuing the blockade, while Marcus Marcellus with the remaining third went to attack the cities that sided with the Carthaginians. . . .
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Walbank Commentary