<w lemma="%2A%29epei%5C">Ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pariw%5Cn">παριὼν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dke">ἧκε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29delfh%3Ds">ἀδελφῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fras">σφετέρας</w> <w lemma="parata%2Fcews">παρατάξεως</w> <w lemma="eu%29w%2Fnumon">εὐώνυμον</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="basilikh%3Ds">βασιλικῆς</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Flhs">ἴλης</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="decio%2Fn">δεξιόν</w>, <w lemma="shmh%2Fnantes">σημήναντες</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="polemiko%5Cn">πολεμικὸν</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbalon">συνέβαλον</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fois">θηρίοις</w>.
<w lemma="o%29li%2Fga">ὀλίγα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Freise">συνήρεισε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fois:">ἐναντίοις·</w> <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Foun">ἐποίουν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dna">ἀγῶνα</w> <w lemma="kalo%5Cn">καλὸν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="purgomaxou%3Dntes">πυργομαχοῦντες</w>, <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="xeiro%5Cs">χειρὸς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="sari%2Fsais">σαρίσαις</w> <w lemma="diadoratizo%2Fmenoi">διαδορατιζόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fptontes">τύπτοντες</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flous">ἀλλήλους</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kalli%2Fw">καλλίω</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w>, <w lemma="biaiomaxou%3Dnta">βιαιομαχοῦντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumpi%2Fptonta">συμπίπτοντα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fswpon">πρόσωπον</w> <w lemma="au%28toi%3Ds">αὑτοῖς</w>.
<w lemma="e%29%2Fsti">ἔστι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="zw%2F%7Cwn">ζῴων</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh">μάχη</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fth">τοιαύτη</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w>. <w lemma="sumple%2Fcanta">συμπλέξαντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parembalo%2Fnta">παρεμβαλόντα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29do%2Fntas">ὀδόντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flous">ἀλλήλους</w> <w lemma="w%29qei%3D">ὠθεῖ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fa%7C">βίᾳ</w>, <w lemma="diereido%2Fmena">διερειδόμενα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w>, <w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="katakrath%3Dsan">κατακρατῆσαν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmei">δυνάμει</w> <w lemma="qa%2Fteron">θάτερον</w> <w lemma="parw%2Fsh%7C">παρώσῃ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="qate%2Frou">θατέρου</w> <w lemma="pronomh%2Fn:">προνομήν·</w>
<w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpac">ἅπαξ</w> <w lemma="e%29gkli%3Dnan">ἐγκλῖναν</w> <w lemma="pla%2Fgion">πλάγιον</w> <w lemma="la%2Fbh%7C">λάβῃ</w>, <w lemma="titrw%2Fskei">τιτρώσκει</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%29dou%3Dsi">ὀδοῦσι</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Droi">ταῦροι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frasi">κέρασι</w>.
<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dsta">πλεῖστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w> <w lemma="a%29pedeili%2Fa">ἀπεδειλία</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fper">ὅπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqos">ἔθος</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5C">ἐστὶ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Alibukoi%3Ds">Λιβυκοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29le%2Ffasi:">ἐλέφασι·</w>
<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="o%29smh%5Cn">ὀσμὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fwnh%5Cn">φωνὴν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnousin">μένουσιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katapeplhgme%2Fnoi">καταπεπληγμένοι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgeqos">μέγεθος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fs">ὥς</w> <w lemma="g%27">γ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29moi%5C">ἐμοὶ</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w>, <w lemma="feu%2Fgousin">φεύγουσιν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29posth%2Fmatos">ἀποστήματος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29indikou%5Cs">Ἰνδικοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29le%2Ffantas:">ἐλέφαντας·</w> <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w>.
<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diataraxqe%2Fntwn">διαταραχθέντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w> <w lemma="sunwqoume%2Fnwn">συνωθουμένων</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fghma">ἄγημα</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="piezo%2Fmenon">πιεζόμενον</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fkline">ἐνέκλινε</w>,
<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apolukra%2Fthn">Πολυκράτην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="i%28ppeu%3Dsi">ἱππεῦσι</w> <w lemma="diatetagme%2Fnois">διατεταγμένοις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon">Ἀντίοχον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w> <w lemma="perikerw%3Dntes">περικερῶντες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prospi%2Fptontes">προσπίπτοντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbalon">ἐνέβαλον</w>. <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w>,
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29lefa%2Fntwn">ἐλεφάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29nto%2Fs">ἐντός</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flagga">φάλαγγα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Froi">μισθοφόροι</w> <w lemma="prospeso%2Fntes">προσπεσόντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="peltasta%5Cs">πελταστὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fwsan">ἐξέωσαν</w>, <w lemma="prosugkexuko%2Ftwn">προσυγκεχυκότων</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w>.
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="eu%29w%2Fnumon">εὐώνυμον</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w>
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<head>The Elephants in the Battle</head>Ptolemy, accompanied by his sister, having arrived at<pb n="434" />the left wing of his army, and Antiochus with the royal guard at the right: they gave the signal for the battle, and opened the fight by a charge of elephants.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note169">The battle of Rhaphia.</note>Only some few of Ptolemy's elephants came to close quarters with the foe: seated on these the soldiers in the howdahs maintained a brilliant fight, lunging at and striking each other with crossed pikes.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note170">Sarissae, the long Macedonian spears.</note>But the elephants themselves fought still more brilliantly, using all their strength in the encounter, and pushing against each other, forehead to forehead.The way in which elephants fight is this: they get their<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note171">Fighting elephants.</note>tusks entangled and jammed, and then push against one another with all their might, trying to make each other yield ground until one of them proving superior in strength has pushed aside the other's trunk; and when once he can get a side blow at his enemy, he pierces him with his tusks as a bull would with his horns. Now, most of Ptolemy's animals, as is the way with Libyan elephants, were afraid to face the fight: for they cannot stand the smell or the trumpeting of the Indian elephants, but are frightened at their size and strength, I suppose, and run away from them at once without waiting to come near them.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note172">Antiochus's right wing successful.</note>This is exactly what happened on this occasion: and upon their being thrown into confusion and being driven back upon their own lines, Ptolemy's guard gave way before the rush of the animals; while Antiochus, wheeling his men so as to avoid the elephants, charged the division of cavalry under Polycrates. At the same time the Greek mercenaries stationed near the phalanx, and behind the elephants, charged Ptolemy's peltasts and made them give ground, the elephants having already thrown their ranks also into confusion. Thus Ptolemy's whole left wing began to give way before the enemy.
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