<w lemma="%2Akata%5C">Κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%2F">Αἰτωλοί</w>, <w lemma="suna%2Fyantos">συνάψαντος</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxairesi%2Fwn">ἀρχαιρεσίων</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnou">χρόνου</w>, <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%28%2Flonto">εἵλοντο</w> <w lemma="%2Asko%2Fpan">Σκόπαν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="e%29gego%2Fnei">ἐγεγόνει</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnwn">προειρημένων</w> <w lemma="a%29dikhma%2Ftwn">ἀδικημάτων</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftios">αἴτιος</w>.
<w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="oi%29%3Dda">οἶδα</w> <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="xrh%5C">χρὴ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w>. <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="koinw%3D%7C">κοινῷ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="do%2Fgmati">δόγματι</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w>, <w lemma="pandhmei%5C">πανδημεὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="strateu%2Fontas">στρατεύοντας</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgein">ἄγειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flas">πέλας</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kola%2Fzein">κολάζειν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fwn">αἰτίων</w>, <w lemma="strathgou%5Cs">στρατηγοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ai%28rei%3Dsqai">αἱρεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tima%3Dn">τιμᾶν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtas">προεστῶτας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgwn">ἔργων</w>, <w lemma="e%29moi%5C">ἐμοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fmein">γέμειν</w> <w lemma="kakopragmosu%2Fnhs:">κακοπραγμοσύνης·</w>
<w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllo">ἄλλο</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="kaki%2Fas">κακίας</w> <w lemma="o%29noma%2Fseie">ὀνομάσειε</w>; <w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmenon">λεγόμενον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>.
<w lemma="%2Alakedaimo%2Fnioi">Λακεδαιμόνιοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akadmei%2Fan">Καδμείαν</w> <w lemma="%2Afoibi%2Fdou">Φοιβίδου</w> <w lemma="paraspondh%2Fsantos">παρασπονδήσαντος</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftion">αἴτιον</w> <w lemma="e%29zhmi%2Fwsan">ἐζημίωσαν</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="froura%5Cn">φρουρὰν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%2Fgagon">ἐξήγαγον</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fsper">ὥσπερ</w> <w lemma="luome%2Fnhs">λυομένης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29diki%2Fas">ἀδικίας</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcantos">πράξαντος</w> <w lemma="bla%2Fbhs">βλάβης</w>, <w lemma="paro%5Cn">παρὸν</w> <w lemma="ta%29nanti%2Fa">τἀναντία</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn:">ποιεῖν·</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffere">διέφερε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Aqhbai%2Fois">Θηβαίοις</w>.
<w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29kh%2Frutton">ἐκήρυττον</w> <w lemma="a%29fie%2Fntes">ἀφιέντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqe%2Fras">ἐλευθέρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29tono%2Fmous">αὐτονόμους</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29antalki%2Fdou">Ἀνταλκίδου</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnhn">γενομένην</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28rmosta%5Cs">ἁρμοστὰς</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%3Dgon">ἐξῆγον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w>.
<w lemma="%2Amantinei%3Ds">Μαντινεῖς</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flous">φίλους</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w> <w lemma="a%29nasta%2Ftous">ἀναστάτους</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsantes">ποιήσαντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffasan">ἔφασαν</w> <w lemma="a%29dikei%3Dn">ἀδικεῖν</w>, <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="mia%3Ds">μιᾶς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="dioiki%2Fsantes">διοικίσαντες</w>,
<w lemma="a%29noi%2Fa%7C">ἀνοίᾳ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="kaki%2Fas">κακίας</w> <w lemma="xrhsa%2Fmenoi">χρησάμενοι</w> <w lemma="profanw%3Ds">προφανῶς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dokei%3Dn">δοκεῖν</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%2Fn">ἐάν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29pimu%2Fh%7C">ἐπιμύῃ</w>, <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flas">πέλας</w> <w lemma="o%28ra%3Dn">ὁρᾶν</w>.
<w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frois">ἀμφοτέροις</w> <w lemma="toi%2Fnun">τοίνυν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="zh%3Dlos">ζῆλος</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fas">πολιτείας</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftios">αἴτιος</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsth">κατέστη</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fstwn">μεγίστων</w> <w lemma="sumptwma%2Ftwn:">συμπτωμάτων·</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="ou%29damw%3Ds">οὐδαμῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29damh%3D%7C">οὐδαμῇ</w> <w lemma="zhlwte%2Fon">ζηλωτέον</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="koinh%3D%7C">κοινῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29rqw%3Ds">ὀρθῶς</w> <w lemma="bouleuome%2Fnous">βουλευομένους</w>.
<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="xrhmati%2Fsas">χρηματίσας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fzeuce">ἀνέζευξε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fas">Μακεδονίας</w>, <w lemma="speu%2Fdwn">σπεύδων</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%5Cn">παρασκευὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w>,
<w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhsi">Ἕλλησι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnou">προειρημένου</w> <w lemma="yhfi%2Fsmatos">ψηφίσματος</w> <w lemma="kala%5Cs">καλὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fwn">ὑποδεικνύων</w> <w lemma="pra%7Co%2Fthtos">πρᾳότητος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megaloyuxi%2Fas">μεγαλοψυχίας</w> <w lemma="basilikh%3Ds">βασιλικῆς</w>.
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<head>Disingenuous Policy of the Spartans</head>Meanwhile, the time of the annual election having come round, the Aetolians elected Scopas as their Strategus, the man who had been the moving spirit in all these acts of violence.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note57">Scopas elected Aetolian Strategus.</note>I am at a loss for fitting terms to describe such a public policy. To pass a decree against going to war,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note58">See<ref target="b4c15" targOrder="U">ch. 15</ref>.</note>and yet to go on an actual expedition in force and pillage their neighbours' territories: not to punish one of those responsible for this: but on the contrary to elect as Strategi and bestow honours on the leaders in these transactions,—this seems to me to involve the grossest disingenuousness. I can find no word which better describes such a treacherous policy; and I will quote two instances to show what I mean by it.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note59">B. C. 382.</note>When Phoebidas treacherously seized the Cadmeia, the Lacedaemonians fined the guilty general but declined to withdraw the garrison, on the ground that the wrong was fully atoned for by the punishment of the perpetrator of it: though their plain duty was to have done the reverse, for it was the latter which was of importance to the Thebans.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note60">B. C. 387.</note>Again this same people published a proclamation giving the various cities freedom and autonomy in accordance with the terms of the peace of Antalcidas, and yet did not withdraw their Harmosts from the cities.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note61">B. C. 385.</note>Again, having driven the Mantineans from their home, who were at the time their friends and allies, they denied that they were doing any wrong, inasmuch as they removed them from one city and settled them in several. But indeed a man is a fool, as much as a knave, if he imagines that, because he shuts his own eyes, his neighbours cannot see. Their fondness for such tortuous policy proved however, both to the Lacedaemonians and Aetolians, the source of the greatest disasters; and it is not one which should commend itself to the imitation either of individuals or states, if they are well advised.<pb n="304" />King Philip, then, after his interview with the Achaean assembly, started with his army on the way to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>, in all haste to make preparations for war; leaving a pleasant impression in the minds of all the Greeks: for the nature of the decree, which I have mentioned as having been passed by him,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note62">See<ref target="b4c24" targOrder="U">ch. 24</ref>.</note>gave them good hopes of finding him a man of moderate temper and royal magnanimity.
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Walbank Commentary