Polybius, Histories

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Book 4 - Chapter 17

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<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axai+%2Fan">Ἀχαΐαν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29illuriw%3Dn">Ἰλλυριῶν</w>. <w lemma="%2A%29ari%2Fstwn">Ἀρίστων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlw%3Dn">Αἰτωλῶν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%2Fs">στρατηγός</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="prospoiou%2Fmenos">προσποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnwn">γινομένων</w>, <w lemma="h%29%3Dge">ἦγε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28suxi%2Fan">ἡσυχίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fas">οἰκείας</w>, <w lemma="fa%2Fskwn">φάσκων</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="diathrei%3Dn">διατηρεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w>, <w lemma="eu%29%2Fhqes">εὔηθες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paidiko%5Cn">παιδικὸν</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dgma">πρᾶγμα</w> <w lemma="poiw%3Dn:">ποιῶν·</w>
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<w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="eu%29h%2Fqh">εὐήθη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Ftaion">μάταιον</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%5Cs">εἰκὸς</w> <w lemma="fai%2Fnesqai">φαίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dton">τοιοῦτον</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="u%28polamba%2Fnh%7C">ὑπολαμβάνῃ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgois">λόγοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pikru%2Fyasqai">ἐπικρύψασθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="e%29nargei%2Fas">ἐναργείας</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Adwri%2Fmaxon">Δωρίμαχον</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaia%2Ftidos">Ἀχαιάτιδος</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenoi">ποιησάμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Dkon">ἧκον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Ffnw">ἄφνω</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aku%2Fnaiqan">Κύναιθαν</w>.
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<w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akunaiqei%3Ds">Κυναιθεῖς</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29arka%2Fdas">Ἀρκάδας</w>, <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnwn">χρόνων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29katapau%2Fstois">ἀκαταπαύστοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flais">μεγάλαις</w> <w lemma="sunesxh%3Dsqai">συνεσχῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="sta%2Fsesi">στάσεσι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polla%5Cs">πολλὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="pepoih%3Dsqai">πεποιῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="sfaga%5Cs">σφαγὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fs">φυγάς</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="a%28rpaga%5Cs">ἁρπαγὰς</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="gh%3Ds">γῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nadasmou%2Fs">ἀναδασμούς</w>, <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pikrath%3Dsai">ἐπικρατῆσαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="ai%28roume%2Fnous">αἱρουμένους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katasxei%3Dn">κατασχεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="fulakh%5Cn">φυλακὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontas">ἔχοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="teixw%3Dn">τειχῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axai+%2Fas">Ἀχαΐας</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29xo%2Fntwn">ἐχόντων</w>, <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgois">ὀλίγοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmprosqen">ἔμπροσθεν</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnois">χρόνοις</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlw%3Dn">Αἰτωλῶν</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fas">παρουσίας</w> <w lemma="diapempome%2Fnwn">διαπεμπομένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdwn">φυγάδων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flei">πόλει</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="deome%2Fnwn">δεομένων</w> <w lemma="dialuqh%3Dnai">διαλυθῆναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fgein">κατάγειν</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w>,
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<w lemma="peisqe%2Fntes">πεισθέντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fxontes">κατέχοντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pre%2Fsbeuon">ἐπρέσβευον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenoi">βουλόμενοι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnwn">ἐκείνων</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhs">γνώμης</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fseis">διαλύσεις</w>.
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[<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w>] <w lemma="e%29pixwrhsa%2Fntwn">ἐπιχωρησάντων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmws">ἑτοίμως</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pepei%3Dsqai">πεπεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsin">σφίσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frous">ἀμφοτέρους</w> <w lemma="eu%29noh%2Fsein">εὐνοήσειν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="katexo%2Fntwn">κατεχόντων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29xo%2Fntwn">ἐχόντων</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kataporeuome%2Fnwn">καταπορευομένων</w> <w lemma="mello%2Fntwn">μελλόντων</w> <w lemma="tugxa%2Fnein">τυγχάνειν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fas">σωτηρίας</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="sugkata%2Fqesin">συγκατάθεσιν</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="a%29postei%2Flantes">ἀποστείλαντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parafulakh%5Cn">παραφυλακὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akunaiqei%3Ds">Κυναιθεῖς</w> <w lemma="dielu%2Fsanto">διελύσαντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kath%2Fgagon">κατήγαγον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdas">φυγάδας</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="triakosi%2Fous">τριακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="labo%2Fntes">λαβόντες</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fsteis">πίστεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpois">ἀνθρώποις</w> <w lemma="nomizome%2Fnwn">νομιζομένων</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="i%29sxurota%2Ftas">ἰσχυροτάτας</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="katanosth%2Fsantes">κατανοστήσαντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fas">αἰτίας</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="profa%2Fsews">προφάσεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγενομένης</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="dokei%3Dn">δοκεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhs">ἄλλης</w> <w lemma="diafora%3Ds">διαφορᾶς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="gegenh%3Dsqai">γεγενῆσθαι</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fon">ἐναντίον</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="katelqo%2Fntes">κατελθόντες</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29pebou%2Fleuon">ἐπεβούλευον</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdi">πατρίδι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="sw%2Fsasi">σώσασι</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="dokou%3Dsi">δοκοῦσι</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sfagi%2Fwn">σφαγίων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frkous">ὅρκους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fsteis">πίστεις</w> <w lemma="e%29di%2Fdosan">ἐδίδοσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="dianoei%3Dsqai">διανοεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="qei%3Don">θεῖον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pisteu%2Fsantas">πιστεύσαντας</w> <w lemma="a%29sebei%2Fas">ἀσεβείας</w>.
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="metasxei%3Dn">μετασχεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fas">πολιτείας</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29pespw%3Dnto">ἐπεσπῶντο</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlou%5Cs">Αἰτωλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpratton">ἔπραττον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="speu%2Fdontes">σπεύδοντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="sw%2Fsantas">σώσαντας</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="qre%2F">θρέ</w>
<head>Factions At Cynaetha</head>But the Aetolian Strategus <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ariston&groupId=365&placeId=695">Ariston</a>, ignoring everything that was going on, remained quietly at home, asserting that he was not at war with the Achaeans, but was maintaining peace: a foolish and childish mode of acting,—for what better epithets could be applied to a man who supposed that he could cloak notorious facts by mere words? Meanwhile Dorimachus and his colleague had marched through the Achaean territory and suddenly appeared at Cynaetha.Cynaetha was an Arcadian city<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note35">But outside the natural borders of Arcadia. Mod. Kalávryta.</note>which, for many years past,<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note36">The previous history of Cynaetha.</note>had been afflicted with implacable and violent political factions. The two parties had frequently retaliated on each other with massacres, banishments, confiscations, and re-divisions of lands; but finally the party which affected the Achaean connexion prevailed and got possession of the city, securing themselves by a city-guard and commandant from Achaia. This was the state of affairs when, shortly before the Aetolian invasion, the exiled<pb n="293" />party sent to the party in possession intreating that they would be reconciled and allow them to return to their own city; whereupon the latter were persuaded, and sent an embassy to the Achaeans with the view of obtaining their consent to the pacification. The Achaeans readily consented, in the belief that both parties would regard them with goodwill: since the party in possession had all their hopes centred in the Achaeans, while those who were about to be restored would owe that restoration to the consent of the same people. Accordingly the Cynaethans dismissed the city-guard and commandant, and restored the exiles, to the number of nearly three hundred, after taking such pledges from them as are reckoned the most inviolable among all mankind. But no sooner had they secured their return, than, without any cause or pretext arising which might give a colour to the renewal of the quarrel, but on the contrary, at the very first moment of their restoration, they began plotting against their country, and against those who had been their preservers. I even believe that at the very sacrifices, which consecrated the oaths and pledges which they gave each other, they were already, even at such a solemn moment, revolving in their minds this offence against religion and those who had trusted them. For, as soon as they were restored to their civil rights they called in the Aetolians, and betrayed the city into their hands, eager to effect the utter ruin both of the people who had preserved, and the city which had nourished, them.