<w lemma="gi%2Fnetai%2F">γίνεταί</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="peripe%2Fteia">περιπέτεια</w> <w lemma="toia%2Fde">τοιάδε</w>. <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fsais">ὅσαις</w> <w lemma="po%2Flesin">πόλεσιν</w> <w lemma="h%29pi%2Fsthse">ἠπίστησε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Flabe">ἔλαβε</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fmhra">ὅμηρα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ui%28ei%3Ds">υἱεῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanesta%2Ftwn">ἐπιφανεστάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn:">ἀνδρῶν·</w> <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Azakanqai%2Fwn">Ζακανθαίων</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fqeto">ἀπέθετο</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="dia%2F">διά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29xuro%2Fthta">ὀχυρότητα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29poleipome%2Fnwn">ἀπολειπομένων</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w>. <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%5Cr">ἀνὴρ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fibhr">Ἴβηρ</w>,
<w lemma="%2A%29abi%2Fluc">Ἀβίλυξ</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fnoma">ὄνομα</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="do%2Fcan">δόξαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fou">βίου</w> <w lemma="peri%2Fstasin">περίστασιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29deno%5Cs">οὐδενὸς</w> <w lemma="deu%2Fteros">δεύτερος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibh%2Frwn">Ἰβήρων</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="polu%2F">πολύ</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Frein">διαφέρειν</w> <w lemma="dokw%3Dn">δοκῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w>.
<w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="qewrw%3Dn">θεωρῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nomi%2Fsas">νομίσας</w> <w lemma="e%29pikudeste%2Fras">ἐπικυδεστέρας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w>, <w lemma="sunelogi%2Fsato">συνελογίσατο</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3D%7C">ἑαυτῷ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frwn">ὁμήρων</w> <w lemma="prodosi%2Fas">προδοσίας</w> <w lemma="sullogismo%5Cn">συλλογισμὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhriko%5Cn">Ἰβηρικὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="barbariko%2Fn">βαρβαρικόν</w>.
<w lemma="peisqei%5Cs">πεισθεὶς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnatai">δύναται</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgas">μέγας</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="prosenegka%2Fmenos">προσενεγκάμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="paraspondh%2Fsas">παρασπονδήσας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeiri%2Fsai">ἐγχειρίσαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frous">ὁμήρους</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>.
<w lemma="qewrw%3Dn">θεωρῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Abw%2Fstora">Βώστορα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="strathgo%2Fn">στρατηγόν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="a%29pesta%2Flh">ἀπεστάλη</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fbou">Ἀσδρούβου</w> <w lemma="kwlu%2Fswn">κωλύσων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="diabai%2Fnein">διαβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="qarrh%2Fsas">θαρρήσας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29nakexwrhkw%5Cs">ἀνακεχωρηκὼς</w> <w lemma="e%29stratope%2Fdeue">ἐστρατοπέδευε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Azaka%2Fnqhs">Ζακάνθης</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fresin">μέρεσιν</w>, <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkakon">ἄκακον</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fnta">ὄντα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%3D%7Con">πρᾷον</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsei">φύσει</w>,
<w lemma="pistw%3Ds">πιστῶς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="diakei%2Fmenon">διακείμενον</w>, <w lemma="poiei%3Dtai">ποιεῖται</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frwn">ὁμήρων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Abw%2Fstora">Βώστορα</w> <w lemma="fa%2Fskwn">φάσκων</w>, <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="diabebh%2Fkasi">διαβεβήκασι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbw%7C">φόβῳ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fxein">συνέχειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w>, <w lemma="prosdei%3Dsqai">προσδεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28potattome%2Fnwn">ὑποταττομένων</w> <w lemma="eu%29noi%2Fas:">εὐνοίας·</w>
<w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="h%29ggiko%2Ftwn">ἠγγικότων</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proskaqezome%2Fnwn">προσκαθεζομένων</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Azaka%2Fnqh%7C">Ζακάνθῃ</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kinduneuou%2Fshs">κινδυνευούσης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29cagagw%5Cn">ἐξαγαγὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frous">ὁμήρους</w> <w lemma="a%29pokatasth%2Fsh%7C">ἀποκαταστήσῃ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="goneu%3Dsi">γονεῦσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flesin">πόλεσιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29klu%2Fsein">ἐκλύσειν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="filotimi%2Fan:">φιλοτιμίαν·</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="spouda%2Fzein">σπουδάζειν</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnous">ἐκείνους</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dcai">πρᾶξαι</w>, <w lemma="kurieu%2Fontas">κυριεύοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frwn:">ὁμήρων·</w>
<w lemma="e%29kkale%2Fsesqai">ἐκκαλέσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibh%2Frwn">Ἰβήρων</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w>, <w lemma="proi+do%2Fmenon">προϊδόμενον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pronohqe%2Fnta">προνοηθέντα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frwn">ὁμήρων</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%2Fas">ἀσφαλείας</w>. <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="au%29ch%2Fsein">αὐξήσειν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="pollaplasi%2Fan">πολλαπλασίαν</w>, <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenos">γενόμενος</w> <w lemma="xeiristh%5Cs">χειριστὴς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w>.
<w lemma="a%29pokaqista%2Fnwn">ἀποκαθιστάνων</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pai%3Ddas">παῖδας</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pispa%2Fsesqai">ἐπισπάσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gennhsa%2Fntwn">γεννησάντων</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w>, <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fyin">ὄψιν</w> <w lemma="tiqei%5Cs">τιθεὶς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnontos">συμβαίνοντος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w> <w lemma="ai%28%2Fresin">αἵρεσιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megaloyuxi%2Fan">μεγαλοψυχίαν</w>.
<w lemma="prosdoka%3Dn">προσδοκᾶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29ke%2Fleuse">ἐκέλευσε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dw%2Frwn">δώρων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fa%7C">ἰδίᾳ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="te%2Fkna">τέκνα</w> <w lemma="komizome%2Fnwn:">κομιζομένων·</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fcws">παραδόξως</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstous">ἑκάστους</w> <w lemma="e%29gkratei%3Ds">ἐγκρατεῖς</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnous">γινομένους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkaiota%2Ftwn">ἀναγκαιοτάτων</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fmillan">ἅμιλλαν</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsesqai">ποιήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ku%2Frion">κύριον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="eu%29ergesi%2Fas">εὐεργεσίας</w>.
<w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Ftera">ἕτερα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fw">πλείω</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="dialexqei%5Cs">διαλεχθεὶς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeise">ἔπεισε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Abw%2Fstora">Βώστορα</w> <w lemma="sugkataqe%2Fsqai">συγκαταθέσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w>
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<head>Treason of Abilyx</head>Here an event occurred which produced a decisive<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note160">Treason of Abilyx.</note>change in their favour. When Hannibal was about to start for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, from the Iberian towns whose loyalty he suspected he took the sons of their leading men as hostages, and placed them all in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a>, because of the strength of that town and his confidence in the fidelity of those who were left in charge of it. Now there was a certain Iberian there named Abilyx, who enjoyed the highest character and reputation with his countrymen, and was believed to be especially well disposed and loyal to the Carthaginians. Seeing how affairs were going, and believing that the fortune of the Romans was in the ascendant, he formed in his own mind a scheme, worthy of an Iberian and barbarian, for giving up the hostages. Convinced that he might obtain a high place in the favour of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, if he gave a proof of his fidelity at a critical moment, he made up his mind to turn traitor to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> and put the hostages in the hands of the Romans. He began his machinations by addressing himself to Bostar, the Carthaginian general who had<pb n="256" />been despatched by Hasdrubal to prevent the Romans from crossing the river, but, not venturing to do this, had retreated, and was now encamped in the region of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a> next the sea. To this man, who was of a guileless and gentle character, and quite disposed to trust him, Abilyx now introduced the subject of the hostages. He argued that "the Romans having now crossed the Iber, the Carthaginians could no longer hold Iberia by terror, but stood now in need of the good feeling of their subjects: seeing then that the Romans had actually approached <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a> and were besieging it, and that the city was in danger,—if he were to take the hostages and restore them to their parents and cities, he would not only frustrate the ambitious scheme of the Romans, who wished above all things by getting possession of the hostages to have the credit of doing this; but would also rouse a feeling of goodwill towards <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> in all the cities, for having taken thought for the future and provided for the safety of the hostages. He would, too, much enhance the favour by personally managing this business: for if he restored these boys to their homes, he would provoke the gratitude, not only of their parents, but of the people at large also, by giving a striking instance of the magnanimous policy of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> towards her allies. He might even expect large rewards for himself from the families that recovered their children; for all those, who thus unexpectedly got into their hands the dearest objects of their affection, would vie with each other in heaping favours on the author of such a service." By these and similar arguments he persuaded Bostar to fall in with his proposals.
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Walbank Commentary