<w lemma="%2Abrabeuqei%2Fshs">Βραβευθείσης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w>, <w lemma="a%29ko%2Flouqon">ἀκόλουθον</w> <w lemma="ei%29lh%2Ffei">εἰλήφει</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fla">ὅλα</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fsin">κρίσιν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frwn">ἀμφοτέρων</w> <w lemma="prosdokwme%2Fnois">προσδοκωμένοις</w>.
<w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcews">πράξεως</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="loiph%3Ds">λοιπῆς</w> <w lemma="parali%2Fas">παραλίας</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29gkratei%3Ds:">ἐγκρατεῖς·</w>
<w lemma="%2Ataranti%3Dnoi%2F">Ταραντῖνοί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29nexei%2Frizon">ἐνεχείριζον</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%2Fs">αὑτούς</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29argurippanoi%5C">Ἀργυριππανοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akapuanw%3Dn">Καπυανῶν</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="e%29ka%2Floun">ἐκάλουν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipoi%5C">λοιποὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fblepon">ἀπέβλεπον</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous:">Καρχηδονίους·</w>
<w lemma="mega%2Flas">μεγάλας</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Fdou">ἐφόδου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhs">Ῥώμης</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsesqai">ἔσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="ku%2Frioi:">κύριοι·</w>
<w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi%2F">Ῥωμαῖοί</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29italiwtw%3Dn">Ἰταλιωτῶν</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fan">δυναστείαν</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dttan">ἧτταν</w> <w lemma="a%29pegnw%2Fkeisan">ἀπεγνώκεισαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flois">μεγάλοις</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbois">φόβοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnois">κινδύνοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="sfw%3Dn">σφῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdos">πατρίδος</w> <w lemma="e%29da%2Ffous">ἐδάφους</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fson">ὅσον</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fpw">οὔπω</w> <w lemma="prosdokw%3Dntes">προσδοκῶντες</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fcein">ἥξειν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fsper">ὥσπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pimetrou%2Fshs">ἐπιμετρούσης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunepagwnizome%2Fnhs">συνεπαγωνιζομένης</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fsi">γεγονόσι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w>, <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgas">ὀλίγας</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w>, <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbou">φόβου</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fxontos">κατέχοντος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Agalati%2Fan">Γαλατίαν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29postale%2Fnt%27">ἀποσταλέντ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fdran">ἐνέδραν</w> <w lemma="e%29mpeso%2Fnta">ἐμπεσόντα</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fcws">παραδόξως</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frdhn">ἄρδην</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="diafqarh%3Dnai">διαφθαρῆναι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28%2F">ἥ</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fleipe">ἀπέλειπε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ndexome%2Fnwn">ἐνδεχομένων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%2Fs">πολλούς</w>, <w lemma="h%29sfali%2Fzeto">ἠσφαλίζετο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29bouleu%2Feto">ἐβουλεύετο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%2Ftwn">ἐνεστώτων</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrwdw%3Ds">ἀνδρωδῶς</w>. <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="fanero%5Cn">φανερὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sumba%2Fntwn:">συμβάντων·</w>
<w lemma="o%28mologoume%2Fnws">ὁμολογουμένως</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="h%28tthqe%2Fntwn">ἡττηθέντων</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraxwrhsa%2Fntwn">παραχωρησάντων</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w> <w lemma="a%29reth%3Ds">ἀρετῆς</w>,
<w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="politeu%2Fmatos">πολιτεύματος</w> <w lemma="i%29dio%2Fthti">ἰδιότητι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fesqai">βουλεύεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="a%29nekth%2Fsanto">ἀνεκτήσαντο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fan">δυναστείαν</w>, <w lemma="nikh%2Fsantes">νικήσαντες</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29koume%2Fnhs">οἰκουμένης</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fshs">ἁπάσης</w> <w lemma="e%29gkratei%3Ds">ἐγκρατεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fnonto">ἐγένοντο</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgous">ὀλίγους</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnous">χρόνους</w>.
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="bu%2Fblon">βύβλον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgwn">ἔργων</w> <w lemma="katastre%2Fyomen">καταστρέψομεν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%5C">ἃ</w> <w lemma="perie%2Flaben">περιέλαβεν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhrikw%3Dn">Ἰβηρικῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29italikw%3Dn">Ἰταλικῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="tettarakosth%5C">τετταρακοστὴ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="o%29lumpia%2Fsi">ὀλυμπιάσι</w> <w lemma="dhlw%2Fsantes:">δηλώσαντες·</w>
<w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellhnika%5Cs">Ἑλληνικὰς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29lumpia%2Fda">ὀλυμπιάδα</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnas">γενομένας</w> <w lemma="diecio%2Fntes">διεξιόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pistw%3Dmen">ἐπιστῶμεν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w>, <w lemma="to%2Ft%27">τότ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="proqe%2Fmenoi">προθέμενοι</w> <w lemma="yilw%3Ds">ψιλῶς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fas">πολιτείας</w> <w lemma="poihso%2Fmeqa">ποιησόμεθα</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w>,
<w lemma="nomi%2Fzontes">νομίζοντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fas">ἱστορίας</w> <w lemma="su%2Fntacin">σύνταξιν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%2Fghsin">ἐξήγησιν</w>. <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="politeuma%2Ftwn">πολιτευμάτων</w> <w lemma="diorqw%2Fseis">διορθώσεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataskeua%5Cs">κατασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="mega%2Fla">μεγάλα</w> <w lemma="sumba%2Fllesqai">συμβάλλεσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="filomaqou%3Dsi">φιλομαθοῦσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pragmatikoi%3Ds">πραγματικοῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w>.
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<head>The Consequences of the Battle of Cannae</head>The result of this battle, such as I have described it,<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note186">The results of the battle. Defection of the allies.</note>had the consequences which both sides expected. For the Carthaginians by their victory were thenceforth masters of nearly the whole of the Italian coast which is called<foreign lang="la">Magna Graecia.</foreign>Thus the Tarentines immediately submitted; and the Arpani and some of the Campanian states invited Hannibal to come to them; and the rest were with one consent turning their eyes to the Carthaginians: who, accordingly, began now to have high hopes of being able to carry even <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> itself by assault.On their side the Romans, after this disaster, despaired of retaining their supremacy over the Italians, and were in the greatest alarm, believing their own lives and the existence of their city to be in danger, and every moment expecting that Hannibal would be upon them.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note187">Fall of Lucius Postumius in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a>. See<foreign lang="la">supra,</foreign><ref target="b3c106" targOrder="U">ch. 106</ref>.</note>For, as though Fortune were in league with the disasters that had already befallen them to fill up the measure of their ruin, it happened that only a few days afterwards, while the city was still in this panic, the Praetor who had been sent to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a> fell unexpectedly into an ambush and perished, and his army was utterly annihilated by the Celts. In spite of all, however, the Senate left no means untried to save the State. It exhorted the people to fresh exertions, strengthened the city with guards, and deliberated on the crisis in a brave and manly spirit. And subsequent events made this manifest. For though the Romans were on that occasion indisputably beaten in the field, and had lost reputation for military prowess; by the peculiar excellence of their political constitution, and the prudence of their counsels, they<pb n="275" />not only recovered their supremacy over <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, by eventually conquering the Carthaginians, but before very long became masters of the whole world.I shall, therefore, end this book at this point, having now<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note188">B.C. 216.</note>recounted the events in Iberia and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, embraced by the 140th Olympiad. When I have arrived at the same period in my history of Greece during this Olympiad, I shall then fulfil my promise of devoting a book to a formal account of the Roman constitution itself; for I think that a description of it will not only be germane to the matter of my history, but will also be of great help to practical statesmen, as well as students, either in reforming or establishing other constitutions.<pb n="276" />
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Walbank Commentary