Polybius, Histories

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Book 2 - Chapter 67

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<w lemma="%2A%29epeidh%5C">Ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cs">καιρὸς</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dke">ἧκε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fnqhma">σύνθημα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29illurioi%3Ds">Ἰλλυριοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29pedo%2Fqh">ἀπεδόθη</w>, <w lemma="parh%2Fggeilan">παρήγγειλαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%29pimele%2Fs">ἐπιμελές</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="a%29nadei%2Fcantes">ἀναδείξαντες</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kath%2Frxonto">κατήρχοντο</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="bouno%5Cn">βουνὸν</w> <w lemma="prosbolh%3Ds">προσβολῆς</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akleome%2Fnous">Κλεομένους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="taxqe%2Fntes">ταχθέντες</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fzwnoi">εὔζωνοι</w>, <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="spei%2Fras">σπείρας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29rh%2Fmous">ἐρήμους</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fsas">οὔσας</w>, <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29ra%5Cn">οὐρὰν</w> <w lemma="prospi%2Fptontes">προσπίπτοντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerh%3D">ὁλοσχερῆ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dgon">ἦγον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w> <w lemma="biazome%2Fnous">βιαζομένους</w>,
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<w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29klei%2Fdan">Εὐκλείδαν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="u%28perdeci%2Fou">ὑπερδεξίου</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fswpon">πρόσωπον</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29festw%2Ftwn">ἐφεστώτων</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pikeime%2Fnwn">ἐπικειμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosfero%2Fntwn">προσφερόντων</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w> <w lemma="e%29rrwme%2Fnws">ἐρρωμένως</w>. <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="sunnoh%2Fsas">συννοήσας</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmenon">γινόμενον</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="proorw%2Fmenos">προορώμενος</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="%2Afilopoi%2Fmhn">Φιλοποίμην</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Amegalopoli%2Fths">Μεγαλοπολίτης</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fein">ὑποδεικνύειν</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flleto">ἐπεβάλλετο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dsi">προεστῶσι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sumbhso%2Fmenon:">συμβησόμενον·</w>
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<w lemma="ou%29deno%5Cs">οὐδενὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prose%2Fxontos">προσέχοντος</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%2Ft%27">μήτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fas">ἡγεμονίας</w> <w lemma="teta%2Fxqai">τετάχθαι</w> <w lemma="mhdepw%2Fpote">μηδεπώποτε</w> <w lemma="komidh%3D%7C">κομιδῇ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ne%2Fon">νέον</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%2Fn">αὐτόν</w>, <w lemma="parakale%2Fsas">παρακαλέσας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%3D">ἑαυτοῦ</w> <w lemma="poli%2Ftas">πολίτας</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbale">ἐνέβαλε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w> <w lemma="tolmhrw%3Ds">τολμηρῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnou">γενομένου</w> <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="proskei%2Fmenoi">προσκείμενοι</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Froi">μισθοφόροι</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29ra%5Cn">οὐρὰν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="prosbai%2Fnousin">προσβαίνουσιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsantes">ἀκούσαντες</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="kraugh%3Ds">κραυγῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunido%2Fntes">συνιδόντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%2Fn">συμπλοκήν</w>, <w lemma="a%29fe%2Fmenoi">ἀφέμενοι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="prokeime%2Fnwn">προκειμένων</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Ftrexon">ἀνέτρεχον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proseboh%2Fqoun">προσεβοήθουν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppeu%3Dsi">ἱππεῦσι</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sumba%2Fntos">συμβάντος</w> <w lemma="a%29peri%2Fspaston">ἀπερίσπαστον</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenon">γενόμενον</w> <w lemma="to%2F">τό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29illuriw%3Dn">Ἰλλυριῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="prosbaino%2Fntwn">προσβαινόντων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="e%29kqu%2Fmws">ἐκθύμως</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhse">ὥρμησε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="teqarrhko%2Ftws">τεθαρρηκότως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="fanero%5Cn">φανερὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29genh%2Fqh">ἐγενήθη</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29klei%2Fdan">Εὐκλείδαν</w> <w lemma="proterh%2Fmatos">προτερήματος</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftios">αἴτιος</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="%2Afilopoi%2Fmhn">Φιλοποίμην</w>.
<head>Battle Begins</head>The moment for beginning the battle had come: the signal was given to the Illyrians, and the word passed by the<pb n="162" />officers to their men to do their duty, and in a moment they started into view of the enemy and began assaulting the hill.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note137">Battle of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sellasia&groupId=966&placeId=1714">Sellasia</a>.</note>But the light-armed troops who were stationed with Cleomenes's cavalry, observing that the Achaean lines were not covered by any other troops behind them, charged them on the rear; and thus reduced the division while endeavouring to carry the hill of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Evas&groupId=590&placeId=1100">Evas</a> to a state of great peril,—being met as they were on their front by Eucleidas from the top of the hill, and being charged and vigorously attacked by the light-armed mercenaries on their rear.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note138">Philopoemen's presence of mind.</note>It was at this point that Philopoemen of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Megalopolis&groupId=745&placeId=1360">Megalopolis</a>, with a clear understanding of the situation and a foresight of what would happen, vainly endeavoured to point out the certain result to his superior officers. They disregarded him for his want of experience in command and his extreme youth; and, accordingly he acted for himself, and cheering on the men of his own city, made a vigorous charge on the enemy. This effected a diversion; for the light-armed mercenaries, who were engaged in harassing the rear of the party ascending <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Evas&groupId=590&placeId=1100">Evas</a>, hearing the shouting and seeing the cavalry engaged, abandoned their attack upon this party and hurried back to their original position to render assistance to the cavalry. The result was that the division of Illyrians, Macedonians, and the rest who were advancing with them, no longer had their attention diverted by an attack upon their rear, and so continued their advance upon the enemy with high spirits and renewed confidence. And this afterwards caused it to be acknowledged that to Philopoemen was due the honour of the success against Eucleidas.