Polybius, Histories

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Book 16 - Chapter 28

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<w lemma="%2A%29all%27">Ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29moi%5C">ἐμοὶ</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frcasqai">ἄρξασθαι</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunakma%2Fsai">συνακμάσαι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28rmai%3Ds">ὁρμαῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="au%29%2Fchsin">αὔξησιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="gegone%2Fnai">γεγονέναι</w>,
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="a%29gagei%3Dn">ἀγαγεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="proteqe%5Cn">προτεθὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="pou">που</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="a%29ntipiptou%2Fshs">ἀντιπιπτούσης</w> <w lemma="sunekplhrw%3Dsai">συνεκπληρῶσαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="logismw%3D%7C">λογισμῷ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fas">προθυμίας</w> <w lemma="e%29llipe%5Cs">ἐλλιπὲς</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgwn">ὀλίγων</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="dikai%2Fws">δικαίως</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29atta%2Flou">Ἀττάλου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodi%2Fwn">Ῥοδίων</w> <w lemma="o%29ligoponi%2Fan">ὀλιγοπονίαν</w> <w lemma="katame%2Fmyaito">καταμέμψαιτο</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="basiliko%5Cn">βασιλικὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megalo%2Fyuxon">μεγαλόψυχον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="proqe%2Fsews">προθέσεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fmonon">ἐπίμονον</w> <w lemma="a%29pode%2Fcaito">ἀποδέξαιτο</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="e%29painw%3Dn">ἐπαινῶν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paro%5Cn">παρὸν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%5Cn">ὁρμὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pishmaino%2Fmenos">ἐπισημαινόμενος</w>. <w lemma="poiou%3Dmai">ποιοῦμαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="diastolh%2Fn">διαστολήν</w>,
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<w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mh%2F">μή</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="u%28pola%2Fbh%7C">ὑπολάβῃ</w> <w lemma="maxo%2Fmena">μαχόμενα</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="e%28autoi%3Ds">ἑαυτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29painou%3Dntas">ἐπαινοῦντας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fattalon">Ἄτταλον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodi%2Fous">Ῥοδίους</w>, <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="katamemfome%2Fnous">καταμεμφομένους</w>, <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%29nanti%2Fon">τοὐναντίον</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxai%3Ds">ἀρχαῖς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pragmatei%2Fas">πραγματείας</w> <w lemma="diesteila%2Fmhn">διεστειλάμην</w>, <w lemma="fh%2Fsas">φήσας</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkai%3Don">ἀναγκαῖον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="eu%29logei%3Dn">εὐλογεῖν</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ye%2Fgein">ψέγειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dron">χεῖρον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="r%28opai%5C">ῥοπαὶ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fseis">περιστάσεις</w> <w lemma="a%29lloiou%3Dsi">ἀλλοιοῦσι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fseis">προαιρέσεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w>, <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="be%2Fltion">βέλτιον</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fsti">ἔστι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsin">φύσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fnqrwpoi">ἄνθρωποι</w> <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="o%28rmw%3Dsi">ὁρμῶσι</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%29nanti%2Fon">τοὐναντίον</w>. <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fn">ἕν</w> <w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="gegone%2Fnai">γεγονέναι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon:">Φίλιππον·</w>
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<w lemma="a%29sxa%2Fllwn">ἀσχάλλων</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fsin">γεγονόσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29lattw%2Fmasi">ἐλαττώμασι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%3D%7C">ὀργῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qumw%3D%7C">θυμῷ</w> <w lemma="xrw%2Fmenos">χρώμενος</w>, <w lemma="parastatikw%3Ds">παραστατικῶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="daimoni%2Fws">δαιμονίως</w> <w lemma="e%29nh%2Frmosen">ἐνήρμοσεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dtas">ἐνεστῶτας</w> <w lemma="kairou%2Fs">καιρούς</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpw%7C">τρόπῳ</w> <w lemma="katane%2Fsth">κατανέστη</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodi%2Fwn">Ῥοδίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="%2A%29atta%2Flou">Ἀττάλου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqi%2Fketo">καθίκετο</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcewn">πράξεων</w>.
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<w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="proh%2Fxqhn">προήχθην</w> <w lemma="ei%29pei%3Dn">εἰπεῖν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="te%2Frmati">τέρματι</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="kakoi%5C">κακοὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stadie%2Fwn">σταδιέων</w>, <w lemma="e%29gkatalipei%3Dn">ἐγκαταλιπεῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="proqe%2Fseis">προθέσεις</w>, <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29ntipa%2Flous">ἀντιπάλους</w>. —
<head>Activity and Energy of Philip</head>It appears to me that to make a good beginning, and<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note41">The firmness and vigour of Philip in meeting the danger.</note>even to maintain enthusiasm long enough to secure a considerable measure of success, is an achievement of which many have been found capable; but to carry a purpose through to its end, and, even though fortune be adverse, to make up by cool reason for the deficiency of enthusiasm is within the power of few. From this point of view one cannot but disparage the inactivity of Attalus and the Rhodians, while regarding with admiration the royal and lofty spirit displayed by Philip, and his constancy to his purpose,—not meaning to speak in praise of his character as a whole, but simply commending the vigour with which he acted on this occasion. I make this distinction to prevent any one supposing that I contradict myself, because I recently praised Attalus and the Rhodians and found fault with Philip, whereas I am now doing the reverse.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note42">1, 14.</note>This is just such a case as I referred to at the beginning of my history, when I said that it was necessary sometimes to praise, and sometimes to blame the same persons, since it frequently happens that changes of circumstances for the worse and calamities alter men's original dispositions, and frequently also changes for the better; and sometimes too it is the case that from natural<pb n="195" />temperament men are at one time inclined to what is right, at another to the reverse. And it is a variation of this sort that I think occurred to Philip in this instance. For, irritated by his defeats, and influenced in a great degree by anger and passion, he addressed himself with a kind of insane or inspired eagerness to meet the dangers of the hour; and it was in this spirit that he rose to the attack upon the Rhodians and king Attalus, and gained the successes which followed. I was induced to make these remarks, because I observe that some men, like bad runners in the stadium, abandon their purposes when close to the goal; while it is at that particular point, more than at any other, that others secure the victory over their rivals. . . .