Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 15 - Chapter 31

1
<w lemma="%2A%29%2Fhdh">Ἤδη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="u%28pofainou%2Fshs">ὑποφαινούσης</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkritos">ἄκριτος</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="kraugh%2F">κραυγή</w>, <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Flamye">ἐξέλαμψε</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kalei%3Dn">καλεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w>.
2
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnes">Μακεδόνες</w> <w lemma="e%29canasta%2Fntes">ἐξαναστάντες</w> <w lemma="katela%2Fbonto">κατελάβοντο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="xrhmatistiko%5Cn">χρηματιστικὸν</w> <w lemma="pulw%3Dna">πυλῶνα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fwn:">βασιλείων·</w>
3
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29pigno%2Fntes">ἐπιγνόντες</w> <w lemma="pou%3D">ποῦ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29lh%3Ds">αὐλῆς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%2Fs">βασιλεύς</w>, <w lemma="perielqo%2Fntes">περιελθόντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%2Ftas">πρώτας</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> [<w lemma="prw%2Fths">πρώτης</w>] <w lemma="su%2Friggos">σύριγγος</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fbalon">ἐξέβαλον</w> <w lemma="qu%2Fras">θύρας</w>, <w lemma="e%29ggi%2Fsantes">ἐγγίσαντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="deute%2Fras">δευτέρας</w> <w lemma="h%29%7Ctou%3Dnto">ᾐτοῦντο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pai%3Dda">παῖδα</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="kraugh%3Ds">κραυγῆς</w>.
4
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agaqokle%2Fa">Ἀγαθοκλέα</w>, <w lemma="ble%2Fpontes">βλέποντες</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%2Fs">αὑτούς</w>, <w lemma="e%29de%2Fonto">ἐδέοντο</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="swmatofula%2Fkwn">σωματοφυλάκων</w> <w lemma="presbeu%3Dsai">πρεσβεῦσαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnas">Μακεδόνας</w>, <w lemma="dhlou%3Dntas">δηλοῦντας</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pitropei%2Fas">ἐπιτροπείας</w> <w lemma="e%29kxwrou%3Dsi">ἐκχωροῦσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhs">ἄλλης</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fas">ἐξουσίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="timw%3Dn">τιμῶν</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xorhgi%2Fwn">χορηγίων</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxousi">ἔχουσι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w>,
5
<w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pneuma%2Ftion">πνευμάτιον</w> <w lemma="de%2Fontai">δέονται</w> <w lemma="sugxwrhqh%3Dnai">συγχωρηθῆναι</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkai%2Fas">ἀναγκαίας</w> <w lemma="trofh%3Ds">τροφῆς</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="xwrh%2Fsantes">χωρήσαντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="boulhqe%2Fntes">βουληθέντες</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnwntai">δύνωνται</w> <w lemma="lupei%3Dn">λυπεῖν</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w>.
6
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="swmatofula%2Fkwn">σωματοφυλάκων</w> <w lemma="ou%29dei%5Cs">οὐδεὶς</w> <w lemma="u%28ph%2Fkousen">ὑπήκουσεν</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29aristome%2Fnhs">Ἀριστομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnos">μόνος</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fsth">ὑπέστη</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="meta%2F">μετά</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenos">γενόμενος</w>. <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%5Cr">ἀνὴρ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnos">γένος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akarna%2Fn">Ἀκαρνάν</w>,
7
<w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fson">ὅσον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="probai%2Fnwn">προβαίνων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28liki%2Fan">ἡλικίαν</w>, <w lemma="geno%2Fmenos">γενόμενος</w> <w lemma="ku%2Frios">κύριος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w>, <w lemma="ka%2Fllista">κάλλιστα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="semno%2Ftata">σεμνότατα</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="prosth%3Dnai">προστῆναι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fas">βασιλείας</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w> <w lemma="kekolakeuke%2Fnai">κεκολακευκέναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agaqokle%2Fous">Ἀγαθοκλέους</w> <w lemma="eu%29kairi%2Fan">εὐκαιρίαν</w>.
8
<w lemma="prw%3Dtos">πρῶτος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%28auto%5Cn">ἑαυτὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dpnon">δεῖπνον</w> <w lemma="kale%2Fsas">καλέσας</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agaqokle%2Fa">Ἀγαθοκλέα</w> <w lemma="xrusou%3Dn">χρυσοῦν</w> <w lemma="ste%2Ffanon">στέφανον</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fdwke">ἀνέδωκε</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnw%7C">μόνῳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntwn">παρόντων</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="basileu%3Dsin">βασιλεῦσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqos">ἔθος</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5C">ἐστὶ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnois">μόνοις</w> <w lemma="sugxwrei%3Dsqai">συγχωρεῖσθαι</w>,
9
<w lemma="prw%3Dtos">πρῶτος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%2Fna">εἰκόνα</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnou">προειρημένου</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="e%29to%2Flmhsen">ἐτόλμησεν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="daktuli%2Fw%7C:">δακτυλίῳ·</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnhs">γενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="qugatro%5Cs">θυγατρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agaqo%2Fkleian">Ἀγαθόκλειαν</w> <w lemma="proshgo%2Freusen">προσηγόρευσεν</w>.
10
<w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsws">ἴσως</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29carkei%3D">ἐξαρκεῖ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rhme%2Fna:">εἰρημένα·</w> <w lemma="labw%5Cn">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnas">προειρημένας</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%5Cs">ἐντολὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%2F">διά</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="r%28inopu%2Flhs">ῥινοπύλης</w> <w lemma="e%29celqw%2Fn">ἐξελθών</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Dke">ἧκε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnas">Μακεδόνας</w>.
11
<w lemma="braxe%2Fa">βραχέα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="dialexqe%2Fntos">διαλεχθέντος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dhlw%2Fsantos">δηλώσαντος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proai%2Fresin">προαίρεσιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flonto">ἐπεβάλοντο</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnes">Μακεδόνες</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="sugkenth%3Dsai">συγκεντῆσαι</w>, <w lemma="taxu%5C">ταχὺ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tinwn">τινων</w> <w lemma="u%28perexo%2Fntwn">ὑπερεχόντων</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraithsame%2Fnwn">παραιτησαμένων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%2Fs">πολλούς</w>, <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dlqe">ἐπανῆλθε</w> <w lemma="labw%5Cn">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29ntolh%5Cn">ἐντολὴν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgonq%27">ἄγονθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fkein">ἥκειν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29cie%2Fnai">ἐξιέναι</w>.
12
<w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aristome%2Fnhn">Ἀριστομένην</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dt%27">ταῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29po%2Fntes">εἰπόντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnes">Μακεδόνες</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fpemyan">ἀπέπεμψαν</w>, <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="deute%2Frais">δευτέραις</w> <w lemma="qu%2Frais">θύραις</w> <w lemma="e%29ggi%2Fsantes">ἐγγίσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fwsan">ἐξέωσαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w>.
13
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agaqokle%2Fa">Ἀγαθοκλέα</w> <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fan">βίαν</w> <w lemma="dia%2F">διά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nergoume%2Fnwn">ἐνεργουμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29pokri%2Fsews">ἀποκρίσεως</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flonto">ἐπεβάλοντο</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qu%2Fras">θύρας</w> <w lemma="protei%2Fnantes">προτείναντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w>, <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agaqo%2Fkleia">Ἀγαθόκλεια</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="masqou%2Fs">μασθούς</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="qre%2Fyai">θρέψαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w>, <w lemma="dei%3Dsqai">δεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w>, <w lemma="pa%3Dsan">πᾶσαν</w> <w lemma="proi+e%2Fmenoi">προϊέμενοι</w> <w lemma="fwnh%5Cn">φωνὴν</w>
<head>The King Surrendered To the Soldiers</head>Day now began to break and the uproar was still a<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note51">Cries for the king.</note>confused babel of voices; but one cry made itself heard conspicuously above the rest, it was a call for THE KING. The first thing actually done was by the Macedonian guard: they left their quarters and seized the vestibule which served as the audience hall of the palace; then, after a brief pause, having ascertained whereabouts in the palace the king was, they went round to the covered walk, burst open the first doors, and, when they came to the next, demanded with loud shouts that the young king should be surrendered to them. Agathocles, recognising his danger, begged his bodyguards to go in his name to the Macedonians, to inform them that "he resigned the guardianship of the king, and all offices, honours, or emoluments which he possessed, and only asked that his life should be granted him with a bare maintenance; that by sinking to his original situation in life he would be rendered incapable, even if he wished it, of being henceforth oppressive to any one." All the bodyguards refused except Aristomenes, who afterwards obtained the chief power in the state.This man was an Acarnanian, and, though far advanced in<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note52">Aristomenes.</note>life when he obtained supreme power, he is thought to have made a most excellent and blameless guardian of the king and kingdom. And as he was distinguished in that capacity, so had he been remarkable before for his adulation of Agathocles in the time of his prosperity. He was the first, when entertaining Agathocles at his<pb n="167" />house, to distinguish him among his guests by the present of a gold diadem, an honour reserved by custom to the kings alone; he was the first too who ventured to wear his likeness on his ring; and when a daughter was born to him he named her Agathocleia.But to return to my story. Aristomenes undertook the<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note53">The guards insist on the surrender of the king.</note>mission, received his message, and made his way through a certain wicket-gate to the Macedonians. He stated his business in few words: the first impulse of the Macedonians was to stab him to death on the spot; but some of them held up their hands to protect him, and successfully begged his life. He accordingly returned with orders to bring the king or to come no more himself. Having dismissed Aristomenes with these words, the Macedonians proceeded to burst open the second door also. When convinced by their proceedings, no less than by the answers they had returned, of the fierce purpose of the Macedonians, the first idea of Agathocles was to thrust his hand through the latticed door,—while Agathocleia did the same with her breasts which she said had suckled the king,—and by every kind of entreaty to beg that the Macedonians would grant him bare life.