Polybius, Histories

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Book 15 - Chapter 17

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<w lemma="%2Ata%5C">Τὰ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="u%28perai%2Fronta">ὑπεραίροντα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="koinh%5Cn">κοινὴν</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Fqeian">συνήθειαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fois">ἐνίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29qismw%3Dn">ἐθισμῶν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29topaqw%3Ds">αὐτοπαθῶς</w> <w lemma="do%2Fch%7C">δόξῃ</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgeqos">μέγεθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sumptwma%2Ftwn">συμπτωμάτων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fleon">ἔλεον</w> <w lemma="e%29kkalei%3Dtai">ἐκκαλεῖται</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28rw%3Dsi">ὁρῶσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fousi">ἀκούουσι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sugkinei%3D">συγκινεῖ</w> <w lemma="pws">πως</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fkaston">ἕκαστον</w> <w lemma="h%28mw%3Dn">ἡμῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="cenismo%2Fs:">ξενισμός·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29pa%5Cn">ἐπὰν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="fai%2Fnhtai">φαίνηται</w> <w lemma="gohtei%2Fas">γοητείας</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2Fkrisin">ὑπόκρισιν</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dton">τοιοῦτον</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fleon">ἔλεον</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%5Cn">ὀργὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29cerga%2Fzetai">ἐξεργάζεται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mi%3Dsos">μῖσος</w>. <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>. —
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplios">Πόπλιος</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="braxe%2Fwn">βραχέων</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Frcato">ἤρξατο</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnwn">ἐκείνων</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="o%29fei%2Flousi">ὀφείλουσι</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="fila%2Fnqrwpon">φιλάνθρωπον</w>, <w lemma="o%28mologou%2Fntwn">ὁμολογούντων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pene%2Fgkaien">ἐπενέγκαιεν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>, <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="e%29candrapodisa%2Fmenoi">ἐξανδραποδισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Azakanqai%2Fwn">Ζακανθαίων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prw%2F%7Chn">πρῴην</w> <w lemma="paraspondh%2Fsaien">παρασπονδήσαιεν</w>, <w lemma="a%29qeth%2Fsantes">ἀθετήσαντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frkous">ὅρκους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ggra%2Fptous">ἐγγράπτους</w> <w lemma="o%28mologi%2Fas:">ὁμολογίας·</w>
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<w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffhse">ἔφησε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrwpi%2Fnwn">ἀνθρωπίνων</w> <w lemma="kekri%2Fsqai">κεκρίσθαι</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="pra%2F%7Cws">πρᾴως</w> <w lemma="xrh%3Dsqai">χρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megaloyu%2Fxws">μεγαλοψύχως</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w>.
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<w lemma="fanh%2Fsesqai">φανήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="ka%29kei%2Fnois">κἀκείνοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffhsen">ἔφησεν</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="o%29rqw%3Ds">ὀρθῶς</w> <w lemma="dialamba%2Fnwsi">διαλαμβάνωσι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%2Ftwn:">ἐνεστώτων·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2F">εἴ</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsxein">πάσχειν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fnai">διδόναι</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsin">σφίσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitaxqh%2Fsetai">ἐπιταχθήσεται</w>, <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="nomi%2Fzein">νομίζειν</w> <w lemma="deino%2Fn">δεινόν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2F">εἴ</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="sugxwrhqh%2Fsetai">συγχωρηθήσεται</w> <w lemma="fila%2Fnqrwpon">φιλάνθρωπον</w>, <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dsqai">ἡγεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="para%2Fdocon">παράδοξον</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29pei%2Fper">ἐπείπερ</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxh">τύχη</w> <w lemma="parelome%2Fnh">παρελομένη</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fleon">ἔλεον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="suggnw%2Fmhn">συγγνώμην</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fran">σφετέραν</w> <w lemma="a%29diki%2Fan">ἀδικίαν</w> <w lemma="u%28poxeiri%2Fous">ὑποχειρίους</w> <w lemma="pepoi%2Fhke">πεποίηκε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29xqroi%3Ds">ἐχθροῖς</w>.
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<w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29pw%5Cn">εἰπὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flege">ἔλεγε</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="fila%2Fnqrwpa">φιλάνθρωπα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fmena">διδόμενα</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="a%28%5C">ἃ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="u%28pome%2Fnein">ὑπομένειν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>.
<head>Scipio Unmoved by Carthaginian Laments</head>Manifestations of emotion which go beyond what is<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note27">Scipio's answer to the envoys from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> after Zama, who made extravagant displays of sorrow.</note>customary among a particular people, if they are thought to be the result of genuine feeling evoked by extraordinary disasters, excite pity in the minds of those who see or hear them; and we are all in a manner moved by the novelty of the spectacle. But when such things appear to be assumed for the purpose of taking in the spectators and producing a dramatic effect, they do not provoke pity, but anger and dislike. And this was the case in regard to the Carthaginian envoys. Scipio deigned to give a very brief answer to their prayers, saying that "They, at any rate, deserved no kindness at the hands of the Romans, since they had themselves confessed that they were the aggressors in the war, by having, contrary to their treaty obligations, taken <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a> and enslaved its inhabitants, and had recently been guilty of treachery and breaking the terms of a treaty to which they had subscribed and sworn. It was from<pb n="151" />a regard to their own dignity, to the vicissitudes of Fortune, and to the dictates of humanity that the Romans had determined to treat them with lenity and behave with magnanimity. And of this they would be convinced if they would take a right view of the case. For they ought not to consider it a hardship if they found themselves charged to submit to any punishment, to follow a particular line of conduct, or to give up this or that; they ought rather to regard it as an unexpected favour that any kindness was conceded to them at all; since Fortune, after depriving them of all right to pity and consideration, owing to their own unrighteous conduct, had put them in the power of their enemies." After this preamble he mentioned the concessions to be made to them, and the penalties to which they were to submit.