Polybius, Histories

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Book 14 - Chapter 2

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<w lemma="%2A%29epeidh%5C">Ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29arinh%3Ds">ἐαρινῆς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fras">ὥρας</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Ffainen">ὑπέφαινεν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w>, <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwni">Σκιπίωνι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="dihreu%2Fnhto">διηρεύνητο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnhn">προειρημένην</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w>,
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<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="nh%3Das">νῆας</w> <w lemma="kaqei%3Dlke">καθεῖλκε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mhxana%5Cs">μηχανὰς</w> <w lemma="kateskeu%2Faze">κατεσκεύαζε</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftais">ταύταις</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="poliorkh%2Fswn">πολιορκήσων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itu%2Fkhn">Ἰτύκην</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pezoi%3Ds">πεζοῖς</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29%3Dsin">οὖσιν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fois">δισχιλίοις</w>, <w lemma="katela%2Fbeto">κατελάβετο</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="kei%2Fmenon">κείμενον</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="w%29xurou%3Dto">ὠχυροῦτο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dieta%2Ffreue">διετάφρευε</w> <w lemma="polutelw%3Ds">πολυτελῶς</w>,
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<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fois">ὑπεναντίοις</w> <w lemma="poiw%3Dn">ποιῶν</w> <w lemma="fantasi%2Fan">φαντασίαν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttwn">πράττων</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="poliorki%2Fas">πολιορκίας</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fneka">ἕνεκα</w>, <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqei%2Fa%7C">ἀληθείᾳ</w> <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29fedreu%2Fein">ἐφεδρεύειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcews">πράξεως</w> <w lemma="kairo%2Fn">καιρόν</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="xwrisqe%2Fntwn">χωρισθέντων</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itu%2Fkhn">Ἰτύκην</w> <w lemma="parafula%2Fttontes">παραφυλάττοντες</w> <w lemma="stratiw%3Dtai">στρατιῶται</w> <w lemma="tolmh%2Fsaien">τολμήσαιεν</w> <w lemma="e%29celqo%2Fntes">ἐξελθόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeirei%3Dn">ἐγχειρεῖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraki">χάρακι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fneggus">σύνεγγυς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poliorkei%3Dn">πολιορκεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="fula%2Fttontas">φυλάττοντας</w>.
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<w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="paraskeuazo%2Fmenos">παρασκευαζόμενος</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="diepe%2Fmpeto">διεπέμπετο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aso%2Ffaka">Σόφακα</w>, <w lemma="punqano%2Fmenos">πυνθανόμενος</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="sugxwrh%3D%7C">συγχωρῇ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="parakaloume%2Fnois">παρακαλουμένοις</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="nou%3Dn">νοῦν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnoi">ἐκεῖνοι</w> <w lemma="fh%2Fsousi">φήσουσι</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fsesqai">βουλεύσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sugxwroume%2Fnwn">συγχωρουμένων</w>.
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="prosenetei%2Flato">προσενετείλατο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="presbeutai%3Ds">πρεσβευταῖς</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29pie%2Fnai">ἀπιέναι</w> <w lemma="pri%5Cn">πρὶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="labei%3Dn">λαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fkrisin">ἀπόκρισιν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29fikome%2Fnwn">ἀφικομένων</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsas">διακούσας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%5Cs">Νομὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pei%2Fsqh">ἐπείσθη</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="suntelei%3Dn">συντελεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fseis">διαλύσεις</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwn">Σκιπίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fk">ἔκ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="fa%2Fnai">φάναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="a%29pallagh%2Fsesqai">ἀπαλλαγήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="pri%5Cn">πρὶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="labei%3Dn">λαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29pokri%2Fseis">ἀποκρίσεις</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fk">ἔκ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="dieulabei%3Dsqai">διευλαβεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="sugkata%2Fqesin">συγκατάθεσιν</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fban">Ἀσδρούβαν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpempe">ἔπεμπε</w>, <w lemma="diasafw%3Dn">διασαφῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmena">γινόμενα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parakalw%3Dn">παρακαλῶν</w> <w lemma="de%2Fxesqai">δέχεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w>, <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cqu%2Fmws">ῥᾳθύμως</w> <w lemma="dih%3Dge">διῆγε</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pisunagome%2Fnous">ἐπισυναγομένους</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fdas">Νομάδας</w> <w lemma="e%29kto%5Cs">ἐκτὸς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fa">εἴα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kataskhnou%3Dn">κατασκηνοῦν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplios">Πόπλιος</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Ffasin">ἐπίφασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fei">ἐποίει</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsion">παραπλήσιον</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lh%2Fqeian">ἀλήθειαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%5Cs">παρασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Aso%2Ffaki">Σόφακι</w> <w lemma="diesafh%2Fqh">διεσαφήθη</w> <w lemma="suntelei%3Dn">συντελεῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w>, <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%5Cs">Νομὰς</w> <w lemma="perixarh%5Cs">περιχαρὴς</w> <w lemma="w%29%5Cn">ὢν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dpe">εἶπε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="presbeutai%3Ds">πρεσβευταῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>, <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%2F%7Cesan">ἀπῄεσαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="parembolh%2Fn">παρεμβολήν</w>, <w lemma="mhnu%2Fsontes">μηνύσοντες</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Apopli%2Fw%7C">Ποπλίῳ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="praxqe%2Fnta">πραχθέντα</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsas">ἀκούσας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cs">στρατηγὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29%3Dqis">αὖθις</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="podo%5Cs">ποδὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpempe">ἔπεμπε</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w>, <w lemma="dhlw%2Fsontas">δηλώσοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Aso%2Ffaki">Σόφακι</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="eu%29dokei%3Dn">εὐδοκεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="spouda%2Fzein">σπουδάζειν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhs">εἰρήνης</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="sunedri%2Fw%7C">συνεδρίῳ</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Fresqai">διαφέρεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fa%2Fnai">φάναι</w> <w lemma="diame%2Fnein">διαμένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn:">ὑποκειμένων·</w>
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<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenoi">παραγενόμενοι</w> <w lemma="diesa%2Ffhsan">διεσάφησαν</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fdi">Νομάδι</w>.
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<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29postolh%5Cn">ἀποστολὴν</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwn">Σκιπίων</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fcai">δόξαι</w> <w lemma="paraspondei%3Dn">παρασπονδεῖν</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="menou%2Fshs">μενούσης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsewn">διαλύσεων</w> <w lemma="e%29pikhrukei%2Fas">ἐπικηρυκείας</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flous">ἀλλήλους</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fch%7C">πράξῃ</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemikw%3Dn">πολεμικῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgwn">ἔργων</w>.
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<w lemma="genome%2Fnhs">γενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29porrh%2Fsews">ἀπορρήσεως</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpan">ἅπαν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmenon">γινόμενον</w> <w lemma="a%29nepi%2Flhpton">ἀνεπίληπτον</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fcein">ἕξειν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Flabe">ὑπέλαβε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proai%2Fresin">προαίρεσιν</w>.
<head>Scipio Prepares to Attack Utica by Sea</head>By the beginning of spring Scipio had completed the<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note7">Spring of B. C. 203.</note>reconnaissances necessary for this attempt upon the enemy; and he began launching his ships, and getting the engines on them into working order, as though with the purpose of assaulting Utica by sea. With his land forces he once more occupied the high ground overlooking the town, and carefully fortified it and secured it by trenches. He wished the enemy to believe that he was doing this for the sake of carrying on the siege; but he really meant it as a cover for his men, who were to be engaged in the undertaking described above, to prevent the garrison sallying out, when the legions were separated from their lines, assaulting the palisade which was so near to them, and attacking the division left in charge of it. Whilst in the midst of these preparations, he sent to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syphax&groupId=993&placeId=1751">Syphax</a> inquiring whether, "in case he agreed to his proposals, the Carthaginians would assent, and not say again that they would deliberate on the terms?" He ordered these legates at the same time not to return to him, until they had received an answer on these points. When the envoys arrived, the Numidian king was convinced that Scipio was on the point of concluding the agreement, partly from the fact that the ambassadors said that they would not go away until they got his answer, and partly<pb n="126" />because of the anxiety expressed as to the disposition of the Carthaginians. He therefore sent immediately to Hasdrubal, stating the facts and urging him to accept the peace. Meanwhile he neglected all precautions himself, and allowed the Numidians, who were now joining, to pitch their tents where they were, outside the lines. Scipio in appearance acted in the same way, while in reality he was pushing on his preparations with the utmost care. When a message was returned from the Carthaginians bidding <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syphax&groupId=993&placeId=1751">Syphax</a> complete the treaty of peace, the Numidian king, in a state of great exaltation, communicated the news to the envoys; who immediately departed to their own camp to inform Scipio from the king of what had been done. As soon as he heard it, the Roman general at once sent fresh envoys to inform <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syphax&groupId=993&placeId=1751">Syphax</a> that Scipio was quite satisfied and was anxious for the peace; but that the members of his council differed from him, and held that they should remain as they were. The ambassadors duly arrived and informed the Numidians of this.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note8">Scipio's ruse to deceive <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syphax&groupId=993&placeId=1751">Syphax</a>.</note>Scipio sent this mission to avoid the appearance of a breach of truce, if he should perform any act of hostility while negotiations for peace were still going on between the parties. He considered that, by making this statement, he would be free to act in whatever way he chose without laying himself open to blame.