<w lemma="%2Adh%3Dlon">Δῆλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmenon">λεγόμενον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29piferome%2Fnwn">ἐπιφερομένων</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sumbebhko%2Ftwn">συμβεβηκότων</w> <w lemma="%2A%29efo%2Frw%7C">Ἐφόρῳ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fas">ἱστορίας</w>. <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnos">ἐκεῖνος</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemikoi%3Ds">πολεμικοῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgwn">ἔργων</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="poso%5Cn">ποσὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2Fnoian">ὑπόνοιαν</w> <w lemma="e%29sxhke%2Fnai">ἐσχηκέναι</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%2Fnwn">ἀγώνων</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fpeiros">ἄπειρος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w>.
<w lemma="toigarou%3Dn">τοιγαροῦν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aku%2Fpron">Κύπρον</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fas">ναυμαχίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akni%2Fdon">Κνίδον</w> <w lemma="a%29teni%2Fsh%7C">ἀτενίσῃ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w>, <w lemma="ai%28%3Ds">αἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%2Fsanq%27">ἐχρήσανθ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="strathgoi%5C">στρατηγοὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29ago%2Fran">Εὐαγόραν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Asalami%2Fnion">Σαλαμίνιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w> <w lemma="qauma%2Fzein">θαυμάζειν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="suggrafe%2Fa">συγγραφέα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29mpeiri%2Fan">ἐμπειρίαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%5Cs">εἰκὸς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polla%5C">πολλὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xrhsi%2Fmwn">χρησίμων</w> <w lemma="a%29pene%2Fgkasqai">ἀπενέγκασθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fas">ὁμοίας</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fseis:">περιστάσεις·</w>
<w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%3Dktra">Λεῦκτρα</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="e%29chgh%3Dtai">ἐξηγῆται</w> <w lemma="%2Aqhbai%2Fwn">Θηβαίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fwn">Λακεδαιμονίων</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Amantinei%2Fa%7C">Μαντινείᾳ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meth%2Fllace">μετήλλαξε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fon">βίον</w> <w lemma="%2A%29epaminw%2Fndas">Ἐπαμινώνδας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="e%29pisth%2Fsas">ἐπιστήσας</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="qewrh%3D%7C">θεωρῇ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kta%2Fceis">ἐκτάξεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="metata%2Fceis">μετατάξεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnous">κινδύνους</w>, <w lemma="geloi%3Dos">γελοῖος</w> <w lemma="fai%2Fnetai">φαίνεται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pantelw%3Ds">παντελῶς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fpeiros">ἄπειρος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="a%29o%2Fratos">ἀόρατος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="w%29%2Fn">ὤν</w>.
<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fktrois">Λεύκτροις</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w> <w lemma="a%28plou%3Ds">ἁπλοῦς</w> <w lemma="gegonw%5Cs">γεγονὼς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fn">ἕν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="li%2Fan">λίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29kfanh%3D">ἐκφανῆ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3D">ποιεῖ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="suggrafe%2Fws">συγγραφέως</w> <w lemma="a%29peiri%2Fan:">ἀπειρίαν·</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Amanti%2Fneian">Μαντίνειαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmfasin">ἔμφασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="poiki%2Flhn">ποικίλην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="strathgikh%2Fn">στρατηγικήν</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fsti">ἔστι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nupo%2Fstatos">ἀνυπόστατος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="a%29diano%2Fhtos">ἀδιανόητος</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="suggrafei%3D">συγγραφεῖ</w>. <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w>,
<w lemma="e%29a%2Fn">ἐάν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="u%28poqe%2Fmenos">ὑποθέμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqinw%3Ds">ἀληθινῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29pimetrh%3D%7C">ἐπιμετρῇ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kinh%2Fseis">κινήσεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="dhloume%2Fnas">δηλουμένας</w>.
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeopo%2Fmpw%7C">Θεοπόμπῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="%2Atimai%2Fw%7C">Τιμαίῳ</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgos:">λόγος·</w>
<w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="kefalaiw%2Fdh">κεφαλαιώδη</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fswntai">ποιήσωνται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2Fqesin">ὑπόθεσιν</w>, <w lemma="dialanqa%2Fnousin">διαλανθάνουσιν</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="boulhqw%3Dsi">βουληθῶσι</w> <w lemma="diaqe%2Fsqai">διαθέσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunupodei%3Dcai%2F">συνυποδεῖξαί</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w>, <w lemma="toiou%3Dtoi">τοιοῦτοι</w> <w lemma="fai%2Fnontai">φαίνονται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntws">πάντως</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Dos">οἷος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Feforos">Ἔφορος</w>. —
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<head>General Remarks on Timaeus as an Historian</head>The story of the brazen bull is this. It was made by<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note40">The brazen bull of phalaris.</note>Phalaris at Agrigentum; and he used to force men to get into it, and then by way of punishment light a fire underneath. The metal becoming thus red hot, the man inside was roasted and scorched to death; and when he screamed in his agony, the sound from the machine was very like the bellowing of a bull. When the Carthaginians conquered <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a> this bull was removed from Agrigentum to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>. The trap door between the shoulders, through which the victims used to be let down, still remains; and no other reason for the construction of such a bull in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> can be discovered at all: yet Timaeus has undertaken to upset the common story, and to refute the declarations of poets and historians, by alleging that the bull at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> did not come from Agrigentum, and that no such figure ever existed there; and he has composed a lengthy treatise to prove this. . . .What epithet ought one to apply to Timaeus, and what word will properly characterise him? A man of his kind appears to me to deserve the very bitterest of the terms which he has applied to others. It has already been sufficiently proved that he is a carping, false and impudent writer; and from what remains to be said he will be shown to be unphilosophical, and, in short, utterly uninstructed. For towards the end of his twenty-first book, in the course of his "harangue of Timoleon," he remarks that "the whole sublunary world being divided into three parts —Asia, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a>, and Europe. . . ."<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note41">See<ref target="b3c37" targOrder="U">3, 37</ref>. The point seems to be that the remark was too commonplace to put into the mouth of a hero.</note>One could scarcely believe such a remark to have come, I don't say from Timaeus, but even from the proverbial Margites. . . .<pb n="102" />
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