Polybius, Histories

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Book 12 - Chapter 10

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<w lemma="%2Aprw%3Dton">Πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="diaporh%2Fsai">διαπορήσαι</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fnas">τίνας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrw%3Dn">Λοκρῶν</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29punqa%2Fneto">ἐπυνθάνετο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>. <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w>,
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<w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fa%7C">Ἰταλίᾳ</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrou%2Fs">Λοκρούς</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftw">οὕτω</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fda">Ἑλλάδα</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w>, <w lemma="ta%2Fx%27">τάχ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fdei">ἔδει</w> <w lemma="diaporei%3Dn">διαπορεῖν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qew%2Frhton:">εὐθεώρητον·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="du%2F%27">δύ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnh">ἔθνη</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrw%3Dn">Λοκρῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pote%2Frous">ποτέρους</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dlqe">ἦλθε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="poi%2Fas">ποίας</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frwn">ἑτέρων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fsin">τίσιν</w> <w lemma="eu%28%3Dre">εὗρε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="a%29nagegramme%2Fnas">ἀναγεγραμμένας</w>; <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w> <w lemma="diasafei%3Dtai">διασαφεῖται</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%2Ftoi">καίτοι</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dt%27">τοῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fdio%2Fn">ἴδιόν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="%2Atimai%2Fou">Τιμαίου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fth%7C">ταύτῃ</w> <w lemma="parhmi%2Fllhtai">παρημίλληται</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="suggrafe%2Fas">συγγραφέας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7Cde%2F">τῇδέ</w> <w lemma="ph%7C">πῃ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29podoxh%3Ds">ἀποδοχῆς</w> ?<w lemma=""></w>* — <w lemma="le%2Fgw">λέγω</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnois">χρόνοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29nagrafai%3Ds">ἀναγραφαῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Ffasin">ἐπίφασιν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29kribei%2Fas">ἀκριβείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="e%29pime%2Fleian">ἐπιμέλειαν</w> — <w lemma="dokw%3D">δοκῶ</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="ginw%2Fskomen">γινώσκομεν</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qauma%2Fzein">θαυμάζειν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5Cn">ἐστὶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fcion">ἄξιον</w> <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fnoma">ὄνομα</w>, <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="eu%28%3Dren">εὗρεν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkhn">συνθήκην</w> <w lemma="a%29nagegra%2Ffqai">ἀναγεγράφθαι</w>, <w lemma="diesa%2Ffhsen">διεσάφησεν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frxontas">ἄρχοντας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="dei%2Fcantas">δείξαντας</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29nagrafh%5Cn">ἀναγραφὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mhdeni%5C">μηδενὶ</w> <w lemma="diaporei%3Dn">διαπορεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%3D%7C">ἐξῇ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fn">μηδέν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28risme%2Fnou">ὡρισμένου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpou">τόπου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29nh%3D%7C">ἐνῇ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbhtou%3Dsin">ἀμφισβητοῦσιν</w> <w lemma="eu%28rei%3Dn">εὑρεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29kri%2Fbeian">ἀκρίβειαν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="paraleloipw%5Cs">παραλελοιπὼς</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dlo%2Fs">δῆλός</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="suneidw%5Cs">συνειδὼς</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29yeusme%2Fnw%7C">ἐψευσμένῳ</w>. <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29pilabo%2Fmenos">ἐπιλαβόμενος</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fleipe">παρέλειπε</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Fmaios">Τίμαιος</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29pri%2Fc">ἀπρίξ</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmenon">λεγόμενον</w>, <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Dn">τοῖν</w> <w lemma="xeroi%3Dn">χεροῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ffu">ἐπέφυ</w>, <w lemma="profane%5Cs">προφανὲς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29exekra%2Ftous">Ἐχεκράτους</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="a%29pereisa%2Fmenos">ἀπερεισάμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29no%2Fmatos">ὀνόματος</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fn">ὅν</w> <w lemma="fhsi">φησι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fa%7C">Ἰταλίᾳ</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrw%3Dn">Λοκρῶν</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsasqai">ποιήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="puqe%2Fsqai">πυθέσθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>,
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proseceirgasme%2Fnos">προσεξειργασμένος</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="fanh%3D%7C">φανῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tuxo%2Fntos">τυχόντος</w> <w lemma="a%29khkow%5Cs">ἀκηκοὼς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="pate%2Fra">πατέρα</w> <w lemma="presbei%2Fas">πρεσβείας</w> <w lemma="kathciw%3Dsqai">κατηξιῶσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Adionusi%2Fou">Διονυσίου</w>,
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<w lemma="h%29%3D">ἦ</w> <w lemma="pou%2F">πού</w> <w lemma="g%27">γ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="dhmosi%2Fas">δημοσίας</w> <w lemma="a%29nagrafh%3Ds">ἀναγραφῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pilabo%2Fmenos">ἐπιλαβόμενος</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="paradosi%2Fmou">παραδοσίμου</w> <w lemma="sth%2Flhs">στήλης</w>
<head>The Investigations of Timaeus</head>Now the first point one would be inclined to raise is, as<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note18">Criticism of the above statement of Timaeus.</note>to what Locrians he visited and questioned on these subjects. If it had been the case that the Locrians in Greece all lived in one city, as those in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> do, this question would perhaps have been unnecessary, and everything would have been plain. But as there are two clans of Locrians, we may ask, Which of the two did he visit? What cities of the one or the other? In whose hands did he find the treaty? Yet we all know, I suppose, that this is a speciality of Timaeus's, and that it is in this that he has surpassed all other historians, and rests his chief claim to credit,—I mean his parade of accuracy in studying chronology and ancient monuments, and his care in that department of research. Therefore we may well wonder how he came to omit telling us the name of the city in which he found the treaty, the place in which it was inscribed, or the magistrates<pb n="89" />who showed him the inscription, and with whom he conversed: to prevent all cavil, and, by defining the place and city, to enable those who doubted to ascertain the truth. By omitting these details he shows that he was conscious of having told a deliberate falsehood. For that Timaeus, if he really had obtained such proofs, would not have let them slip, but would have fastened upon them with both hands, as the saying is, is proved by the following considerations. Would a writer who tried to establish his credit on that of Echecrates,—he mentioning him by name as the person with whom he had conversed, and from whom he had obtained his facts about the Italian Locri,—taking the trouble to add, by way of showing that he had been told them by no ordinary person, that this man's father had formerly been entrusted with an embassy by Dionysius,—would such a writer have remained silent about it if he had really got hold of a public record or an ancient tablet?