<w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%5Cn">παρασκευὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="paraxeimasi%2Fa%7C">παραχειμασίᾳ</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28liki%2Fan">ἡλικίαν</w>, <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="a%29rti%2Fws">ἀρτίως</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dpa">εἶπα</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="a%29pekru%2Fyato">ἀπεκρύψατο</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="%2Agai+%2Fou">Γαΐου</w> <w lemma="%2Alaili%2Fou">Λαιλίου</w>, <w lemma="me%2Fxri">μέχρι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fkrine">ἔκρινε</w> <w lemma="fanero%5Cn">φανερὸν</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w>.
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Atou%2Ftois">Τούτοις</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29klogismoi%3Ds">ἐκλογισμοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28mologou%3Dntes">ὁμολογοῦντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="suggrafei%3Ds">συγγραφεῖς</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flqwsi">ἔλθωσι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcews">πράξεως</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="oi%29%3Dd%27">οἶδ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fpws">ὅπως</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="qeou%5Cs">θεοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhn">τύχην</w> <w lemma="a%29nafe%2Frousi">ἀναφέρουσι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gegono%5Cs">γεγονὸς</w> <w lemma="kato%2Frqwma">κατόρθωμα</w>,
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%2Ftwn">εἰκότων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sumbebiwko%2Ftwn">συμβεβιωκότων</w> <w lemma="marturi%2Fas">μαρτυρίας</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pistolh%3Ds">ἐπιστολῆς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Apopli%2Fou">Ποπλίου</w> <w lemma="safw%3Ds">σαφῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29kteqeiko%2Ftos">ἐκτεθεικότος</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29klogismoi%3Ds">ἐκλογισμοῖς</w> <w lemma="xrhsa%2Fmenos">χρησάμενος</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29nw%2Fteron">ἀνώτερον</w> <w lemma="e%29celogisa%2Fmeqa">ἐξελογισάμεθα</w>, <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fa%7C">Ἰβηρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29piba%2Floito">ἐπιβάλοιτο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnos">Καρχηδόνος</w> <w lemma="poliorki%2Fa%7C">πολιορκίᾳ</w>.
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Aplh%5Cn">Πλὴν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sto%2Flou">στόλου</w> <w lemma="%2Agai+%2Fw%7C">Γαΐῳ</w> <w lemma="%2Alaili%2Fw%7C">Λαιλίῳ</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29porrh%2Ftwn">ἀπορρήτων</w> <w lemma="e%29nteila%2Fmenos">ἐντειλάμενος</w> <w lemma="parh%2Fggeile">παρήγγειλε</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dn">πλεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnhn">προειρημένην</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> —
<w lemma="mo%2Fnos">μόνος</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="sunh%2F%7Cdei">συνῄδει</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%2Fn">ἐπιβολήν</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="a%29nw%2Fteron">ἀνώτερον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dpon">εἶπον</w> —
<w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pezika%5Cs">πεζικὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="a%29nalabw%5Cn">ἀναλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="spoudh%3Ds">σπουδῆς</w>. <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="dismuri%2Fous">δισμυρίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w>.
<w lemma="a%29fiko%2Fmenos">ἀφικόμενος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28bdomai%3Dos">ἑβδομαῖος</w> <w lemma="katestratope%2Fdeuse">κατεστρατοπέδευσε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frktous">ἄρκτους</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="perieba%2Fleto">περιεβάλετο</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29kto%5Cs">ἐκτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29pifa%2Fneian">ἐπιφάνειαν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fas">στρατοπεδείας</w> <w lemma="ta%2Ffron">τάφρον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraka">χάρακα</w> <w lemma="diplou%3Dn">διπλοῦν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="a%28plw%3Ds">ἁπλῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fn">οὐδέν</w>. <w lemma="au%29th%5C">αὐτὴ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpou">τόπου</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsis">φύσις</w> <w lemma="i%28kanh%5Cn">ἱκανὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="pareskeu%2Faze">παρεσκεύαζε</w>.
<w lemma="me%2Fllontes">μέλλοντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="poliorki%2Fan">πολιορκίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Flwsin">ἅλωσιν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="dhlou%3Dn">δηλοῦν</w>, <w lemma="a%29nagkai%3Don">ἀναγκαῖον</w> <w lemma="h%28gou%2Fmeq%27">ἡγούμεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="parakeime%2Fnous">παρακειμένους</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="qe%2Fsin">θέσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="poso%5Cn">ποσὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28podei%3Dcai">ὑποδεῖξαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fousi">ἀκούουσι</w>.
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<head>Laelius and Scipio Proceed to New Carthage</head>But although historians agree in attributing these calculations to him; yet, when they come to narrate their issue, they somehow or another attribute the success obtained not to the man and his foresight, but to the gods and to Fortune, and that, in spite of all probability, and the evidence of those who lived with him; and in spite of the fact that Publius himself in a letter addressed to Philip has distinctly set forth that it was upon the deliberate calculations, which I have just set forth, that he undertook the Iberian campaign generally, and the assault upon <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=New Carthage&groupId=791&placeId=1430">New Carthage</a> in particular.However that may be, at the time specified he gave secret<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note14">Gaius Laelius proceeds to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=New Carthage&groupId=791&placeId=1430">New Carthage</a> with the fleet,</note>instructions to Gaius Laelius, who was in command of the fleet, and who, as I have said, was the only man in the secret, to sail to this town; while he himself marched his army at a rapid<pb n="9" />pace in the same direction.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note15">Scipio by land. B.C. 209.</note>His force consisted of twenty-five thousand infantry and two thousand five hundred cavalry; and arriving at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=New Carthage&groupId=791&placeId=1430">New Carthage</a> on the seventh day he pitched his camp on the north of the town;<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note16">Dr. Arnold declares it "all but an impossibility that an army should have marched the distance (not less than 325 Roman miles) in a week." Livy<bibl n="Liv. 16.42" default="NO" valid="yes">(26, 42)</bibl>accepts the statement without question.</note>defended its rear by a double trench and rampart stretching from sea to sea,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note17">Mr. Strachan-Davidson explains this to mean from the sea to the lake, as Scipio's lines would not have extended right round the lake to the other sea.</note>while on the side facing the town he made absolutely no defences, for the nature of the ground made him sufficiently secure.But as I am now about to describe the assault and capture of the town, I think I must explain to my readers the lie of the surrounding country, and the position of the town itself.
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Walbank Commentary