<w lemma="%2Aou%29">Οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="sunhqroisme%2Fnwn">συνηθροισμένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="katapeplh%3Dxqai">καταπεπλῆχθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="progegenhme%2Fnhn">προγεγενημένην</w> <w lemma="peripe%2Fteian:">περιπέτειαν·</w>
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29retai%3Ds">ἀρεταῖς</w> <w lemma="h%28tth%3Dsqai">ἡττῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fpote">οὐδέποτε</w>, <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prodosi%2Fa%7C">προδοσίᾳ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltibh%2Frwn">Κελτιβήρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="propetei%2Fa%7C">προπετείᾳ</w>, <w lemma="diakleisqe%2Fntwn">διακλεισθέντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="strathgw%3Dn">στρατηγῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29p%27">ἀπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pisteu%3Dsai">πιστεῦσαι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fa%7C">συμμαχίᾳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rhme%2Fnwn">εἰρημένων</w>.
<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Ftera">ἑκάτερα</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein:">ὑπάρχειν·</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29p%27">ἀπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="diespasme%2Fnous">διεσπασμένους</w> <w lemma="stratopedeu%2Fein">στρατοπεδεύειν</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w> <w lemma="u%28bristikw%3Ds">ὑβριστικῶς</w> <w lemma="xrwme%2Fnous">χρωμένους</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpantas">ἅπαντας</w> <w lemma="a%29phllotriwke%2Fnai">ἀπηλλοτριωκέναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="au%28toi%3Ds">αὑτοῖς</w> <w lemma="pareskeuake%2Fnai">παρεσκευακέναι</w>.
<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="diape%2Fmpesqai">διαπέμπεσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipou%2Fs">λοιπούς</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fxista">τάχιστα</w> <w lemma="qarrh%2Fswsi">θαρρήσωσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diaba%2Fntas">διαβάντας</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fdwsi">ἴδωσι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>, <w lemma="a%29sme%2Fnws">ἀσμένως</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fcein">ἥξειν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="eu%29noou%3Dntas">εὐνοοῦντας</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="a%29mu%2Fnesqai">ἀμύνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="spouda%2Fzontas">σπουδάζοντας</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29se%2Flgeian">ἀσέλγειαν</w>,
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgiston">μέγιστον</w>, <w lemma="stasia%2Fzontas">στασιάζοντας</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flous">ἀλλήλους</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnas">ἡγεμόνας</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fqrous">ἅθρους</w> <w lemma="diama%2Fxesqai">διαμάχεσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="qelh%2Fsein">θελήσειν</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kinduneu%2Fontas">κινδυνεύοντας</w> <w lemma="eu%29xeirw%2Ftous">εὐχειρώτους</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w>.
<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="ble%2Fpontas">βλέποντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="peraiou%3Dsqai">περαιοῦσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qarsw%3Ds:">εὐθαρσῶς·</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nede%2Fxeto">ἀνεδέχετο</w> <w lemma="melh%2Fsein">μελήσειν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fsi">ἡγεμόσι</w>.
<w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29pw%5Cn">εἰπὼν</w> <w lemma="trisxili%2Fous">τρισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxonta">ἔχοντα</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Frkon">Μάρκον</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fleipe">ἀπέλειπε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="suna%2Frxonta">συνάρχοντα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29fedreu%2Fsonta">ἐφεδρεύσοντα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29nto%5Cs">ἐντὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois:">συμμάχοις·</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhn">ἄλλην</w> <w lemma="e%29perai%2Fou">ἐπεραίου</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fdhlon">ἄδηλον</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="poiw%3Dn">ποιῶν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w>.
<w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="kekrime%2Fnon">κεκριμένον</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dpe">εἶπε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fn">μηδέν</w>, <w lemma="prou%2Fkeito">προύκειτο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poliorkei%3Dn">πολιορκεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Fdou">ἐφόδου</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fa%7C">Ἰβηρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fna">Καρχηδόνα</w> <w lemma="prosagoreuome%2Fnhn">προσαγορευομένην</w>.
<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="la%2Fboi">λάβοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgiston">μέγιστον</w> <w lemma="shmei%3Don">σημεῖον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28mw%3Dn">ἡμῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="r%28hqei%2Fshs">ῥηθείσης</w> <w lemma="dialh%2Fyews">διαλήψεως</w>.
<w lemma="e%29%2Ftos">ἔτος</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fbdomon">ἕβδομον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fkosi">εἴκοσι</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fdwke">ἔδωκε</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polloi%3Ds">πολλοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29phlpisme%2Fnas">ἀπηλπισμένας</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgeqos">μέγεθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftwn">προγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="e%29lattwma%2Ftwn">ἐλαττωμάτων</w>,
<w lemma="deu%2Fteron">δεύτερον</w> <w lemma="dou%5Cs">δοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="koina%5C">κοινὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="profaino%2Fmena">προφαινόμενα</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fleipe">παρέλειπε</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w> *<w lemma=""></w>, <w lemma="tau%3Dt%27">ταῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29peno%2Fei">ἐπενόει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proeti%2Fqeto">προετίθετο</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w>.
<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="e%29klogismw%3Dn">ἐκλογισμῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29kribesta%2Ftwn">ἀκριβεστάτων</w>.
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<head>Speech of Publius Scipio to the Soldiers</head>Such was the man who now assembled the soldiers and<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note10">Speech of Publius Scipio to the soldiers in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Spain&groupId=983&placeId=1735">Spain</a>, B. C. 210.</note>exhorted them not to be dismayed by the disaster which had befallen them. "For," said he, "Romans have never been beaten by Carthaginians in a trial of valour. It was the result of treachery on the part of the Celtiberians, and of rashness, the two commanders getting cut off from each other owing to their trust in the alliance of these men. But now<pb n="6" />these two disadvantages are on the side of the enemy: for they are encamped at a wide distance from each other; and by their tyrannical conduct to their allies have alienated them all, and made them hostile to themselves. The consequence is that some of them are already sending messages to us; while the rest, as soon as they dare, and see that we have crossed the river, will gladly join us; not so much because they have any affection for us, as because they are eager to punish the outrages of the Carthaginians. Most important of all is the fact that the enemy are at variance with each other, and will refuse to fight against us in a body, and by thus engaging in detail will be more easily dealt with by us." Looking to these facts, therefore, he bade them cross the river with confidence, and undertook that he and the other officers would see to the next step to be taken.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note11">Scipio crosses the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ebro&groupId=549&placeId=1031">Ebro</a>, and swoops down upon <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=New Carthage&groupId=791&placeId=1430">New Carthage</a>.</note>With these words he left his colleague, Marcus Silanus, with five hundred horse to guard the ford, and to protect the allies on the north of the river, while he himself began taking his army across, without revealing his design to any one. As a matter of fact he had resolved to do nothing of what he gave out publicly, and had made up his mind to make a rapid attack upon the town called Iberian <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>. This may be looked upon as the first and strongest proof of the judgment which I lately passed upon him. He was now only in his twenty-seventh year: and yet he, in the first place, undertook to accomplish what the magnitude of the previous disasters had made the world look upon as completely hopeless; and, in the second place, having undertaken it, he left on one side the plain and obvious course, and conceived and carried out a plan which was a surprise to the enemy himself. This could only be the result of the closest calculation.
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Walbank Commentary