<w lemma="strathgou%5Cs">στρατηγοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fqw">Μάθω</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aspe%2Fndion">Σπένδιον</w>. <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwn">Γέσκων</w> <w lemma="e%28w%2Fra">ἑώρα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhn">ὅλην</w> <w lemma="a%29katastasi%2Fan">ἀκαταστασίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="taraxh%2Fn">ταραχήν</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fstou">πλείστου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdi">πατρίδι</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Fron">συμφέρον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qewrw%3Dn">θεωρῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="a%29poqhriwqe%2Fntwn">ἀποθηριωθέντων</w> <w lemma="kinduneu%2Fousi">κινδυνεύουσι</w> <w lemma="profanw%3Ds">προφανῶς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w>,
<w lemma="pareba%2Flleto">παρεβάλλετο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosekarte%2Frei">προσεκαρτέρει</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtas">προεστῶτας</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w> <w lemma="lamba%2Fnwn">λαμβάνων</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnh">γένη</w> <w lemma="sunaqroi%2Fzwn">συναθροίζων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parakalw%3Dn">παρακαλῶν</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fwn">Λιβύων</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fpw">οὐδέπω</w> <w lemma="kekomisme%2Fnwn">κεκομισμένων</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sitarxi%2Fas">σιταρχίας</w>, <w lemma="oi%29ome%2Fnwn">οἰομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29podedo%2Fsqai">ἀποδεδόσθαι</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosio%2Fntwn">προσιόντων</w> <w lemma="qrase%2Fws">θρασέως</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwn">Γέσκων</w> <w lemma="e%29piplh%3Dcai">ἐπιπλῆξαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prope%2Fteian">προπέτειαν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>, <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fqw">Μάθω</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29paitei%3Dn">ἀπαιτεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29ke%2Fleuen">ἐκέλευεν</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w> <w lemma="diwrgi%2Fsqhsan">διωργίσθησαν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fst%27">ὥστ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tuxo%2Fnta">τυχόντα</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="a%29nastrofh%5Cn">ἀναστροφὴν</w> <w lemma="do%2Fntes">δόντες</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhsan">ὥρμησαν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="diarpa%2Fzein">διαρπάζειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fxeira">πρόχειρα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xrhma%2Ftwn">χρημάτων</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sullamba%2Fnein">συλλαμβάνειν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fn">τόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwna">Γέσκωνα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fqw">Μάθω</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aspe%2Fndion">Σπένδιον</w> <w lemma="u%28polamba%2Fnontes">ὑπολαμβάνοντες</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fxist%27">τάχιστ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29kkauqh%3Dnai">ἐκκαυθῆναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fnomo%2Fn">παράνομόν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceian">πράξειαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fspondon">παράσπονδον</w>, <w lemma="sunh%2Frgoun">συνήργουν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlwn">ὄχλων</w> <w lemma="a%29ponoi%2Fais">ἀπονοίαις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29poskeuh%5Cn">ἀποσκευὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fmasi">χρήμασι</w> <w lemma="dih%2Frpazon">διήρπαζον</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwna">Γέσκωνα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="dh%2Fsantes">δήσαντες</w> <w lemma="u%28bristikw%3Ds">ὑβριστικῶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="fulakh%5Cn">φυλακὴν</w> <w lemma="paredi%2Fdosan">παρεδίδοσαν</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="loipo%5Cn">λοιπὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pole%2Fmoun">ἐπολέμουν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="fanerw%3Ds">φανερῶς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w>, <w lemma="sunwmosi%2Fas">συνωμοσίας</w> <w lemma="a%29sebei%3Ds">ἀσεβεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="koina%5C">κοινὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqh">ἔθη</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenoi">ποιησάμενοι</w>.
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ce%2Fnous">ξένους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibuko%5Cs">Λιβυκὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29piklhqei%5Cs">ἐπικληθεὶς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemos">πόλεμος</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flabe">ἔλαβε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%2Fn">ἀρχήν</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fqw">Μάθω</w> <w lemma="suntelesa%2Fmenoi">συντελεσάμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fna">προειρημένα</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29cape%2Fstellon">ἐξαπέστελλον</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w>, <w lemma="parakalou%3Dntes">παρακαλοῦντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan">ἐλευθερίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fmenoi">δεόμενοι</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="bohqei%3Dn">βοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunepilamba%2Fnesqai">συνεπιλαμβάνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w>.
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmws">ἑτοίμως</w> <w lemma="sunupakousa%2Fntwn">συνυπακουσάντων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fstasin">ἀπόστασιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="xorhgi%2Fas">χορηγίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="bohqei%2Fas">βοηθείας</w> <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="e%29capostello%2Fntwn">ἐξαποστελλόντων</w>, <w lemma="dielo%2Fntes">διελόντες</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="poliorkei%3Dn">πολιορκεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29nexei%2Frhsan">ἐνεχείρησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itu%2Fkhn">Ἰτύκην</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ippakri%2Ftas">Ἱππακρίτας</w>, <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="bou%2F">βού</w>
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<head>Gesco and His Staff Arrested</head>This complete disorganisation and disorder did not escape the observation of Gesco. But his chief anxiety was to secure the safety of his country; and seeing clearly that, if these men were driven to exasperation, the Carthaginians would be in danger of total destruction, he exerted himself with desperate courage and persistence: sometimes summoning their officers, sometimes calling a meeting of the men according to their nationalities and remonstrating with them. But on one occasion the Libyans, not having received their wages as soon as they considered that they ought to have been paid to them, approached Gesco himself with some insolence.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note177">Gesco and his staff seized and thrown into chains</note>With the idea of rebuking their precipitancy he refused to produce the pay, and bade them "go and ask their general Mathōs for it." This so enraged them, that without a moment's delay they first made a raid upon the money that was kept in readiness, and then arrested Gesco and the Carthaginians with him. Mathōs and Spendius thought that the speediest way to secure an outbreak of war was for the men to commit some outrage upon the sanctity of law and in violation of their engagements. They therefore co-operated with the mass of the men in their reckless outrages; plundered the baggage of the Carthaginians along with their money; manacled Gesco and his staff with every mark of insolent violence, and committed<pb n="80" />them into custody. Thenceforth they were at open war with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>, having bound themselves together by oaths which were at once impious and contrary to the principles universally received among mankind.This was the origin and beginning of the mercenary, or, as<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note178">B.C. 240.</note>it is also called, the Libyan war. Mathōs lost no time after this outrage in sending emissaries to the various cities in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a>, urging them to assert their freedom, and begging them to come to their aid and join them in their undertaking. The appeal was successful: nearly all the cities in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a> readily listened to the proposal that they should revolt against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>, and were soon zealously engaged in sending them supplies and reinforcements. They therefore divided themselves into two parties; one of which laid siege to Utica, the other to Hippo Zarytus, because these two cities refused to participate in the revolt.
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Walbank Commentary