Polybius, Histories

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Book 5 - Chapter 79

1
<w lemma="xw%2Frhse">χώρησε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Ape%2Frgamon:">Πέργαμον·</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29arinh%3Ds">ἐαρινῆς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fras">ὥρας</w> <w lemma="e%29nistame%2Fnhs">ἐνισταμένης</w>, <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmas">ἑτοίμας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%5Cs">παρασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fnonto">ἐγίνοντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fnein">κρίνειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Don">Πτολεμαῖον</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhsan">ὥρμησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alecandrei%2Fas">Ἀλεξανδρείας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28pta%5C">ἑπτὰ</w> <w lemma="muria%2Fdas">μυριάδας</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="e%29le%2Ffantas">ἐλέφαντας</w> <w lemma="e%28bdomh%2Fkonta">ἑβδομήκοντα</w> <w lemma="trei%3Ds:">τρεῖς·</w>
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<w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="gnou%5Cs">γνοὺς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dge">συνῆγε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w>. <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28%3Dtai">αὗται</w> <w lemma="%2Ada%2Fai">Δάαι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarma%2Fnioi">Καρμάνιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aki%2Flikes">Κίλικες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnwn">εὐζώνων</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnoi">καθωπλισμένοι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous:">πεντακισχιλίους·</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pime%2Fleian">ἐπιμέλειαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fan">ἡγεμονίαν</w> <w lemma="%2Abu%2Fttakos">Βύττακος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedw%2Fn">Μακεδών</w>.
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<w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeo%2Fdoton">Θεόδοτον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlo%5Cn">Αἰτωλὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenon">ποιησάμενον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prodosi%2Fan">προδοσίαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="e%29klelegme%2Fnoi">ἐκλελεγμένοι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fas">βασιλείας</w>, <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnoi">καθωπλισμένοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoniko%5Cn">Μακεδονικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w> <w lemma="mu%2Frioi:">μύριοι·</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fones">πλείονες</w> <w lemma="a%29rgura%2Fspides">ἀργυράσπιδες</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggos">φάλαγγος</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="dusmuri%2Fous">δυσμυρίους</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="%2Ani%2Fkarxos">Νίκαρχος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeo%2Fdotos">Θεόδοτος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="kalou%2Fmenos">καλούμενος</w> <w lemma="h%28mio%2Flios">ἡμιόλιος</w>.
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<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agria%3Dnes">Ἀγριᾶνες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ape%2Frsai">Πέρσαι</w> <w lemma="toco%2Ftai">τοξόται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sfendonh%3Dtai">σφενδονῆται</w> <w lemma="disxi%2Flioi">δισχίλιοι</w>. <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%3D%7Ckes">Θρᾷκες</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="%2Amene%2Fdhmos">Μενέδημος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alabandeu%2Fs">Ἀλαβανδεύς</w>.
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<w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxon">ὑπῆρχον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amh%2Fdwn">Μήδων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akissi%2Fwn">Κισσίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akadousi%2Fwn">Καδουσίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarmanw%3Dn">Καρμανῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fein">ἀκούειν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aspasianou%3D">Ἀσπασιανοῦ</w> <w lemma="prosete%2Ftakto">προσετέτακτο</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Amh%2Fdou">Μήδου</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%29%2Farabes">Ἄραβες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="prosxw%2Frwn">προσχώρων</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fous">μυρίους</w>, <w lemma="u%28peta%2Fttonto">ὑπετάττοντο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Azabdibh%2Flw%7C">Ζαβδιβήλῳ</w>.
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fdos">Ἑλλάδος</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ippo%2Floxos">Ἱππόλοχος</w> <w lemma="%2Aqettalo%2Fs">Θετταλός</w>, <w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxon">ὑπῆρχον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29riqmo%5Cn">ἀριθμὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>.
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<w lemma="%2Akrh%3Dtas">Κρῆτας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rulo%2Fxou">Εὐρυλόχου</w>, <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aneo%2Fkrhtas">Νεόκρητας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aze%2Flun">Ζέλυν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agortu%2Fnion">Γορτύνιον</w> <w lemma="tattome%2Fnous:">ταττομένους·</w>
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<w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dsan">συνῆσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29kontistai%5C">ἀκοντισταὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aludoi%5C">Λυδοὶ</w> <w lemma="pentako%2Fsioi">πεντακόσιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aka%2Frdakes">Κάρδακες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Alusima%2Fxou">Λυσιμάχου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftou">Γαλάτου</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w>.
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28cakisxili%2Fous:">ἑξακισχιλίους·</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tetrakisxili%2Fwn">τετρακισχιλίων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fan">ἡγεμονίαν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fpatros">Ἀντίπατρος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="a%29delfidou%3Ds">ἀδελφιδοῦς</w>, <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29te%2Ftakto">ἐτέτακτο</w> <w lemma="%2Aqemi%2Fswn">Θεμίσων</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29antio%2Fxou">Ἀντιόχου</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="pezoi%5C">πεζοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28cakismu%2Frioi">ἑξακισμύριοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="disxi%2Flioi">δισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28cakisxi%2Flioi">ἑξακισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dusi%5C">δυσὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fw">πλείω</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%2Fn">ἑκατόν</w>.
By the beginning of spring Antiochus and Ptolemy had completed their preparations and were determined on deciding the fate of the Syrian expedition by a battle.
Now Ptolemy started from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a> with an army of seventy thousand foot, five thousand horse, and seventy-three elephants,
and Antiochus, on learning of his advance, concentrated his forces. These consisted first of Daae, Carmanians, and Cilicians, light-armed troops about five thousand in number organized and commanded by Byttacus the Macedonian.
Under Theodotus the Aetolian, who had played the traitor to Ptolemy, was a force of ten thousand selected from every part of the kingdom and armed in the Macedonian manner, most of them with silver shields.
The phalanx was about twenty thousand strong and was under the command of Nicarchus and Theodotus surnamed Hemiolius.
There were Agrianian and Persian bowmen and slingers to the number of two thousand, and with them two thousand Thracians, all under the command of Menedemus of Alabanda.
Aspasianus the Mede had under him a force of about five thousand Medes, Cissians, Cadusians, and Carmanians.
The Arabs and neighbouring tribes numbered about ten thousand and were commanded by Zabdibelus.
Hippolochus the Thessalian commanded the mercenaries from Greece, five thousand in number.
Antiochus had also fifteen hundred Cretans under Eurylochus and a thousand Neocretans under Zelys of Gortyna.
With these were five hundred Lydian javelineers and a thousand Cardaces under Lysimachus the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a>.
The cavalry numbered six thousand in all, four thousand of them being commanded by Antipater the king's nephew and the rest by Themison.
The whole army of Antiochus consisted of sixty-two thousand foot, six thousand horse, and a hundred and two elephants.