Polybius, Histories

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Book 36 - Chapter 4

1
<w lemma="%2Aperi%5C">Περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%3Ds">ἐπιτροπῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhtai">εἴρηται</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w>, <w lemma="a%29nagkai%3Don">ἀναγκαῖον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="u%28pomnh%3Dsai">ὑπομνῆσαι</w> <w lemma="kefalaiwdw%3Ds">κεφαλαιωδῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fntes">διδόντες</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fasi">διδόασι</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxousan">ὑπάρχουσαν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fth%7C">ταύτῃ</w>, <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkas">γυναῖκας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxontas">ὑπάρχοντας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fra%7C">χώρᾳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flesin">πόλεσιν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpantas">ἅπαντας</w>,
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<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="potamou%2Fs">ποταμούς</w>, <w lemma="lime%2Fnas">λιμένας</w>, <w lemma="i%28era%2F">ἱερά</w>, <w lemma="ta%2Ffous">τάφους</w>, <w lemma="sullh%2Fbdhn">συλλήβδην</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fous">κυρίους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>, <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fntas">διδόντας</w> <w lemma="a%28plw%3Ds">ἁπλῶς</w> <w lemma="mhke%2Fti">μηκέτι</w> <w lemma="mhdeno%2Fs">μηδενός</w>.
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<w lemma="genome%2Fnhs">γενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqomologh%2Fsews">ἀνθομολογήσεως</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fths">τοιαύτης</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgon">ὀλίγον</w> <w lemma="ei%29sklhqe%2Fntwn">εἰσκληθέντων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fdrion">συνέδριον</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Flegen">ἔλεγεν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cs">στρατηγὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftou">συγκλήτου</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhn">γνώμην</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="bebouleume%2Fnwn">βεβουλευμένων</w> <w lemma="di%2Fdwsin">δίδωσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan">ἐλευθερίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmous">νόμους</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpasan">ἅπασαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="kth%3Dsin">κτῆσιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="koinh%3D%7C">κοινῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dt%27">ταῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsantes">ἀκούσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxairon">ἔχαιρον</w>, <w lemma="do%2Fcantes">δόξαντες</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Dn">κακῶν</w> <w lemma="ai%28re%2Fsei">αἱρέσει</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsin">σφίσιν</w> <w lemma="kexrh%3Dsqai">κεχρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhton">σύγκλητον</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkaiota%2Ftwn">ἀναγκαιοτάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fstwn">μεγίστων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="sugkexwrhme%2Fnwn">συγκεχωρημένων</w>.
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w> <w lemma="diasafou%3Dntos">διασαφοῦντος</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="teu%2Fcontai">τεύξονται</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="triakosi%2Fous">τριακοσίους</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frous">ὁμήρους</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Alilu%2Fbaion">Λιλύβαιον</w> <w lemma="e%29kpe%2Fmywsin">ἐκπέμψωσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tria%2Fkonq%27">τριάκονθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Frais">ἡμέραις</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ui%28ou%5Cs">υἱοὺς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftou">συγκλήτου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="gerousi%2Fas">γερουσίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftwn">ὑπάτων</w> <w lemma="paraggellome%2Fnois">παραγγελλομένοις</w> <w lemma="peiqarxh%2Fswsin">πειθαρχήσωσιν</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="poso%5Cn">ποσὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29po%2Frhsan">ἠπόρησαν</w> <w lemma="poi%3Da">ποῖα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftwn">ὑπάτων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="paraggello%2Fmena:">παραγγελλόμενα·</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="g%27">γ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhsan">ὥρμησαν</w>, <w lemma="speu%2Fdontes">σπεύδοντες</w> <w lemma="a%29naggei%3Dlai">ἀναγγεῖλαι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdi">πατρίδι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>.
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<w lemma="parageno%2Fmenoi">παραγενόμενοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fna">Καρχηδόνα</w> <w lemma="diesa%2Ffoun">διεσάφουν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="poli%2Ftais">πολίταις</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsantes">διακούσαντες</w> <w lemma="ta%29%2Flla">τἄλλα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29ndexome%2Fnws">ἐνδεχομένως</w> <w lemma="e%29no%2Fmizon">ἐνόμιζον</w> <w lemma="bebouleu%3Dsqai">βεβουλεῦσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%2Fs">πρεσβευτάς</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="gegone%2Fnai">γεγονέναι</w> <w lemma="mnei%2Fan">μνείαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flhn">μεγάλην</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fstasin">ἐπίστασιν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dge">ἦγε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29mhxani%2Fan">ἀμηχανίαν</w>.
I have what this phrase (dedere se in fidem) means, but it is here necessary to remind my readers briefly of its significance.
Those who thus commit themselves to the faith of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> surrender in the first place the whole of their territory and the cities in it, next all the inhabitants of the land and the towns, male and female, likewise all rivers, harbours, temples, tombs, so that the result is that the Romans enter into possession of everything and those who surrender remain in possession of absolutely nothing.
Shortly after this surrender had been made by the Carthaginians they were called into the senate, where the praetor conveyed to them the decision of the senate, that as they had been well advised, the senate granted freedom and their laws, besides their whole territory and all other possessions both public and private.
The Carthaginians on hearing this were pleased, thinking that in the choice of evils they had been well treated by the senate, as all that was most essential and important had been conceded to them.
But after this, when the praetor informed them that they would obtain these favours if within thirty days they sent to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lilybaeum&groupId=690&placeId=1261">Lilybaeum</a> three hundred hostages, sons of senators or of members of the Gerousia, and if they obeyed the orders of the consuls, they were somewhat at a loss to know what these orders would be. However they left at once to announce all this at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>, and on coming there they informed their fellow-citizens of all the particulars.
On hearing these they all thought that the envoys had obtained a satisfactory result in general, but the fact that there was no mention of the city caused serious anxiety and surprise.