Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 36 - Chapter 3

1
<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flai">πάλαι</w> <w lemma="bouleuome%2Fnwn">βουλευομένων</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="a%29panth%3Dsai">ἀπαντῆσαι</w> <w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fkrisin">ἀπόκρισιν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itukai%2Fwn">Ἰτυκαίων</w> <w lemma="u%28potemome%2Fnwn">ὑποτεμομένων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fnoian">ἐπίνοιαν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fntwn">παραδόντων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="o%28losxerh%5Cs">ὁλοσχερὴς</w> <w lemma="a%29mhxani%2Fa">ἀμηχανία</w> <w lemma="perie%2Fsth">περιέστη</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpous">ἀνθρώπους</w>.
2
<w lemma="mia%3Ds">μιᾶς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdos">ἐλπίδος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="fainome%2Fnhs">φαινομένης</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="sugkatabai%3Den">συγκαταβαῖεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dou%3Dnai">δοῦναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w>, <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntws">πάντως</w> <w lemma="eu%29dokei%3Dn">εὐδοκεῖν</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsousi">ποιήσουσι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>,
3
<w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fstais">μεγίσταις</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fsesin">περιστάσεσιν</w> <w lemma="katapolemhqe%2Fntes">καταπολεμηθέντες</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxesi">τείχεσι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w>, <w lemma="mhde%2Fpote">μηδέποτε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="dedwke%2Fnai">δεδωκέναι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdos">πατρίδος</w>,
4
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pinoi%2Fas">ἐπινοίας</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="karpo%5Cn">καρπὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fbalon">ἀπέβαλον</w>, <w lemma="prokatalhfqe%2Fntes">προκαταληφθέντες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itukai%2Fwn:">Ἰτυκαίων·</w>
5
<w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ce%2Fnon">ξένον</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fdocon">παράδοξον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmelle">ἔμελλε</w> <w lemma="fanh%2Fsesqai">φανήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="tau%29to%5Cn">ταὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsaien">ποιήσαιεν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnois">προειρημένοις</w>.
6
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Dn">κακῶν</w> <w lemma="ai%28re%2Fsews">αἱρέσεως</w> <w lemma="kataleipome%2Fnhs">καταλειπομένης</w>, <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="a%29nade%2Fxesqai">ἀναδέχεσθαι</w> <w lemma="gennai%2Fws">γενναίως</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fnai">διδόναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%2Fs">αὑτούς</w>,
7
<w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poiki%2Flous">ποικίλους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="sunedri%2Fw%7C">συνεδρίῳ</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29porrh%2Ftwn">ἀπορρήτων</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenoi">ποιησάμενοι</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsthsan">κατέστησαν</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="au%29tokra%2Ftoras">αὐτοκράτορας</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="e%29cape%2Fstellon">ἐξαπέστελλον</w>, <w lemma="do%2Fntes">δόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ntolh%5Cn">ἐντολὴν</w> <w lemma="ble%2Fpontas">βλέποντας</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fnta">παρόντα</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dokou%3Dn">δοκοῦν</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Frein">συμφέρειν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdi">πατρίδι</w>,
8
<w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="presbeu%2Fontes">πρεσβεύοντες</w> <w lemma="%2Agi%2Fskwn">Γίσκων</w> <w lemma="%2Astruta%2Fnos">Στρυτάνος</w> <w lemma="e%29pikalou%2Fmenos">ἐπικαλούμενος</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29ami%2Flkas">Ἀμίλκας</w>, <w lemma="%2Ami%2Fsdhs">Μίσδης</w>, <w lemma="%2Agilli%2Fmas">Γιλλίμας</w>, <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fgwn">Μάγων</w>.
9
<w lemma="h%28%2Fkontes">ἥκοντες</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katalabo%2Fntes">καταλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="dedogme%2Fnon">δεδογμένον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="strathgou%5Cs">στρατηγοὺς</w> <w lemma="w%28rmhko%2Ftas">ὡρμηκότας</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w>, <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fntwn">διδόντων</w> <w lemma="boulh%5Cn">βουλὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fdwkan">ἔδωκαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w>.
The Carthaginians had been for long debating how they should answer the Roman reply, and now when the people of Utica forestalled their design by surrendering their city to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, they were entirely at a loss how to act.
The one and only hope that presented itself to them was to consent to commit themselves to the faith of the Romans; since they thought that was sure to gratify these, as not even in the season of their greatest danger when they had been utterly defeated and the enemy was at the gates had they ever thus surrendered the liberty of their country.
But now the fruit of this project was snatched from them by the people of Utica anticipating them, since they would no longer seem to the Romans to be acting in any remarkable or unexpected way by following the example of Utica.
However, now that they were left with the choice of two evils, either to accept war with brave hearts or to entrust themselves to the faith of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, after a long secret discussion in the senate they appointed plenipotentiaries and sent them to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> with instructions to do whatever they thought was in the interest of their country under present circumstances.
The names of the envoys were Goscon, surnamed Strytanus, Hamilcar, Misdes, Gillimas, and Mago.
But when these envoys from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> arrived in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> they found that war had already been decided on, and that the generals had left with their armies and therefore, as the situation left them no choice, they committed <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> to the faith of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>.