Polybius, Histories
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Book 32 - Chapter 7

1
<head lang="la">B. Olymp. 155, 2. I. Res Italiae</head><w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fwn">Ἀθηναίων</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dkon">ἧκον</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> ?<w lemma=""></w>* <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeari%2Fdan">Θεαρίδαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aste%2Ffanon">Στέφανον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Adhli%2Fwn">Δηλίων</w>.
2
<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2Adhli%2Fois">Δηλίοις</w> <w lemma="doqei%2Fshs">δοθείσης</w> <w lemma="a%29pokri%2Fsews">ἀποκρίσεως</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sugxwrhqh%3Dnai">συγχωρηθῆναι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Adh%3Dlon">Δῆλον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fois">Ἀθηναίοις</w>, <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29kxwrei%3Dn">ἐκχωρεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="nh%2Fsou">νήσου</w>,
3
<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxonta">ὑπάρχοντα</w> <w lemma="komi%2Fzesqai">κομίζεσθαι</w>, <w lemma="metasta%2Fntes">μεταστάντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axai+%2Fan">Ἀχαΐαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Adh%2Flioi">Δήλιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="politografhqe%2Fntes">πολιτογραφηθέντες</w> <w lemma="e%29bou%2Flonto">ἐβούλοντο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="di%2Fkaion">δίκαιον</w> <w lemma="e%29klabei%3Dn">ἐκλαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fwn">Ἀθηναίων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmbolon">σύμβολον</w>.
4
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fwn">Ἀθηναίων</w> <w lemma="fasko%2Fntwn">φασκόντων</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="dikaiodosi%2Fas">δικαιοδοσίας</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w>, <w lemma="h%29%7Ctou%3Dnto">ᾐτοῦντο</w> <w lemma="r%28u%2Fsia">ῥύσια</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Adh%2Flioi">Δήλιοι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhnai%2Fwn">Ἀθηναίων</w>.
5
<w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="presbeu%2Fsantes">πρεσβεύσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flabon">ἔλαβον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fkrisin">ἀπόκρισιν</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fas">κυρίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmous">νόμους</w> <w lemma="gegenhme%2Fnas">γεγενημένας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="oi%29konomi%2Fas">οἰκονομίας</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Adhli%2Fwn">Δηλίων</w>.
<head>III. Affairs of Italy</head>Envoys arrived from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> and Thearidas and Stephanus from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a> on behalf of the Delians.
For after the cession of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a> to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a>, the Delians, having in response to an embassy been ordered by the Romans to evacuate the island,
taking their personal property with them, migrated to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a>, and becoming Achaean citizens claimed that the procedure in suits brought by them against Athenians should be in accordance with the convention between <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> and the Achaeans.
When the Athenians denied that this convention applied in any way to them, the Delians demanded the right to make reprisals on the Athenians.
This was the reason of their embassy, and the answer received was that all arrangements about the Delians made by the Achaeans according to their laws should stand.

Walbank Commentary

Overview
32.7.1 - 32.7.5
<p rend="Plain Text">Athenian and Achaean envoys arrive in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> to discuss <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a> (159/8)</p> <p rend="Plain Text">This excerpt from de legat. gent. belongs to res Italiae of Ol. 155, 2 = 159/8. In the absence of other indications it is likely that the embassies mentioned were heard at the beginning of the consular year 158.</p>
Specifics
32.7.1 - 32.7.1
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">παρὰ τῶν Ἀθηναίων . . . πρέσβεις</w>?:</emph> their names have probably been omitted by the excerptor. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Θεαρίδαν καὶ Στέφανον</w>:</emph> Thearidas was P.'s elder brother, who had been allowed, for reasons unknown, to remain in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a>. He is honoured on an Epidaurian inscription (IG, iv. 1422; see note to Syll. 626): <w lang="el-GR">Θεαρίδαν Λυκόρτα Μεγαλοπολίαν ἁ πόλις τῶν Ἐπιδαυρίων ἀρετᾶς ἕνεκεν καὶ εὐνοίας ἃς ἔχων διατελεῖ εἰς αὐτάν</w>, and he himself set up at Lycosura a dedication for his homonymous grandson (IG,v. 2. 535: see note to Syll. 626): <w lang="el-GR">Θεαρίδας Λυκόρτα Θεαρίδαν Φιλοποίμενος τὸν τοῦ υἱοῦ υἱὸν Δεσποίναι</w>. (The grandson made a gift of 20 minae towards the restoration of the wall of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Megalopolis&groupId=745&placeId=1360">Megalopolis</a> after 146, on his own behalf and on his daughter's: IG, v. 2. 442.) P.'s brother Thearidas was active on the commission sent to organize Messene (cf. xxiii. 17. 2 n.); hence earlier political inactivity cannot be invoked to account for his omission from those detained. See Sthelin, RE, 'Thearidas (2)', col. 1382; Ziegler, RE, 'Polybios (1)', col. 1445 (rightly explaining the name of Thearidas' son, Philopoemen, as a token of admiration rather than as evidence for relationship). Stephanus is otherwise unknown. </p>
32.7.2 - 32.7.2
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">δοθείσης ἀποκρίσεως παρὰ Ῥωμαίων</w>:</emph> in 167/6; see xxx. 20. 2 n., 20.8–9. </p>
32.7.3 - 32.7.3
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πολιτογραφηθέντες</w>:</emph> there is no evidence to show whether these Delians were enrolled as citizens of any specific Achaean city. In the case of Cassander, whose grant of citizenship by several states is recorded in Syll. 653 A. 10 (c. 165), no city is mentioned in connection with the Achaean grant; but that was of course a more formal and honorific grant (cf. Aymard, ACA, 113–14 n. 2). Evidence from other confederations (IG, ix <emph rend="superscript">2</emph> . 2. 393 ll. 2 ff. (<a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Acarnania&groupId=270&placeId=527">Acarnania</a>); Bull. pig. 1967, no. 335 (Epirus)) suggests that the new citizens could choose their city; nor is there any evidence that in such cases the consent of the city in question was needed (cf. Kalbe, Z. Sav.-Stift. Röm. Abt. 1929, 139 ff. esp. 153, reprinted in F. Gschnitzer, Zur griechischen <milestone unit="page" n="525">[525]</milestone> Staatskunde (Darmstadt, 1969), 375 ff.). See Giovannini, Untersuchungen, 31. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">κατὰ τὸ πρὸς τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς σύμβολον</w>:</emph> evidently a commercial treaty between <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a> and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> prescribing the procedure to be followed in settling disputes; cf. xxiii. 1. 2 n. </p>
32.7.4 - 32.7.4
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">μηδὲν . . . τῆς δικαιοδοσίας ταύτης</w>:</emph> see xxiii. 1. 2 n. for <w lang="el-GR">δικαιοδοσία</w> as a technical term in connection with a <w lang="el-GR">σύμβολον</w>. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ᾐνοῦντο ῥύσια . . . κατὰ τῶν Ἀθηναίων</w>:</emph> cf. iv. 26. 7 n., 53. 2, xxii. 4. 13, for reprisals, a recognized procedure when peaceful methods produced no satisfaction. In view of P.'s remarks in xxx. 20. 8–9, it appears that Achaean reprisals against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> had been going on for some years (cf. Ferguson, 323–4); the point at issue between <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> and the Delians may have been the interpretation of the clause in the Roman order which allowed the latter to take their property with them (Larsen, GFS, 486). </p>
32.7.5 - 32.7.5
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">κυρίας εἶναι τὰς . . . γεγενημένας . . . οἰκονομίας</w>:</emph> this implies that the Senate accepted the Achaean claim to apply to the new citizens from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a> the terms of their existing <w lang="el-GR">σύμβολον</w> with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a>. Whether the points at dispute were now peacefully settled is not recorded; but the affair of Oropus soon soured Achaeo-Athenian relations still further (11. 4–6 n.). </p>

Commentary