Polybius, Histories

Translation

Book 31 - Chapter 24

<w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="cenisqei%5Cs">ξενισθεὶς</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="meiraki%2Fou">μειρακίου</w> <w lemma="katarxh%3D%7C">καταρχῇ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgwn:">λόγων·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="ple%2Fon">πλέον</w> <w lemma="e%29tw%3Dn">ἐτῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29ktwkai%2Fdeka">ὀκτωκαίδεκα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte:">τότε·</w> "

<w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="qew%3Dn">θεῶν</w>, <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwn">Σκιπίων</w>," <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w>, "<w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fge">λέγε</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="nw%3D%7C">νῷ</w> <w lemma="la%2Fmbane">λάμβανε</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fpan">παράπαν</w>.

<w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="kataginw%2Fskwn">καταγινώσκων</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="parape%2Fmpwn">παραπέμπων</w> <w lemma="e%29gw%2F">ἐγώ</w> <w lemma="se">σε</w> <w lemma="poiw%3D">ποιῶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w>, <w lemma="pollou%3D">πολλοῦ</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="presbu%2Fteron">πρεσβύτερον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29delfo%5Cn">ἀδελφὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fn">ἔν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28mili%2Fais">ὁμιλίαις</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frxomai%2F">ἄρχομαί</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29p%27">ἀπ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnou">ἐκείνου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lh%2Fgw">λήγω</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnon">ἐκεῖνον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fn">ἔν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29pofa%2Fsesi">ἀποφάσεσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumbouli%2Fais">συμβουλίαις</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnon">ἐκεῖνον</w> <w lemma="a%29perei%2Fdomai">ἀπερείδομαι</w>, <w lemma="dokw%3Dn">δοκῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="se%5C">σὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="mete%2Fxein">μετέχειν</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhs">γνώμης</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnw%7C">ἐκείνῳ</w>.

<w lemma="sou%3D">σοῦ</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgamai">ἄγαμαι</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fwn">ἀκούων</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="soi">σοι</w> <w lemma="luphro%5Cn">λυπηρὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="prau+%2Fteron">πραΰτερον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kaqh%2Fkontos">καθήκοντος</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="o%28rmwme%2Fnois:">ὁρμωμένοις·</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dlos">δῆλος</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3D">εἶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="me%2Fga">μέγα</w> <w lemma="fronw%3Dn">φρονῶν</w>.

<w lemma="e%29gw%5C">ἐγὼ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ka%29%5Cn">κἂν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="h%28de%2Fws">ἡδέως</w> <w lemma="soi">σοι</w> <w lemma="sunepidoi%2Fhn">συνεπιδοίην</w> <w lemma="e%29mauto%5Cn">ἐμαυτὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunergo%5Cs">συνεργὸς</w> <w lemma="genoi%2Fmhn">γενοίμην</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fcion">ἄξιον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="progo%2Fnwn">προγόνων</w>.

<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="maqh%2Fmata">μαθήματα</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="a%28%5C">ἃ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="o%28rw%3D">ὁρῶ</w> <w lemma="spouda%2Fzontas">σπουδάζοντας</w> <w lemma="u%28ma%3Ds">ὑμᾶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="filotimoume%2Fnous">φιλοτιμουμένους</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29porh%2Fsete">ἀπορήσετε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sunerghso%2Fntwn">συνεργησόντων</w> <w lemma="u%28mi%3Dn">ὑμῖν</w> <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmws">ἑτοίμως</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="soi%5C">σοὶ</w> <w lemma="ka%29kei%2Fnw%7C:">κἀκείνῳ·</w>

<w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dh%2F">δή</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="fu%3Dlon">φῦλον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fdos">Ἑλλάδος</w> <w lemma="e%29pirre%2Fon">ἐπιρρέον</w> <w lemma="o%28rw%3D">ὁρῶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paro%5Cn">παρὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w>.

<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="lupou%3Dnta%2F">λυποῦντά</w> <w lemma="se">σε</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w>, <w lemma="kaqw%5Cs">καθὼς</w> <w lemma="fh%2Fs">φής</w>, <w lemma="dokw%3D">δοκῶ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="sunagwnisth%5Cn">συναγωνιστὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunergo%5Cn">συνεργὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllon">ἄλλον</w> <w lemma="eu%28rei%3Dn">εὑρεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="h%28mw%3Dn">ἡμῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdeio%2Fteron">ἐπιτηδειότερον</w>.

" <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgontos">λέγοντος</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Apolubi%2Fou">Πολυβίου</w>, <w lemma="labo%2Fmenos">λαβόμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frais">ἀμφοτέραις</w> <w lemma="xersi%5C">χερσὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="decia%3Ds">δεξιᾶς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pie%2Fsas">πιέσας</w> <w lemma="e%29mpaqw%3Ds">ἐμπαθῶς</w> "<w lemma="%2Aei%29">Εἰ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29gw%5C">ἐγὼ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w>," <w lemma="fhsi%2Fn">φησίν</w>, "<w lemma="i%29%2Fdoimi">ἴδοιμι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="su%5C">σὺ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%29%2Flla">τἄλλα</w> <w lemma="deu%2Ftera">δεύτερα</w> <w lemma="qe%2Fmenos">θέμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29moi%5C">ἐμοὶ</w> <w lemma="prose%2Fceis">προσέξεις</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="nou%3Dn">νοῦν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29mou%3D">ἐμοῦ</w> <w lemma="sumbiw%2Fseis:">συμβιώσεις·</w>

<w lemma="do%2Fcw">δόξω</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="au%29to%2Fqen">αὐτόθεν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29mautw%3D%7C">ἐμαυτῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fcios">ἄξιος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="progo%2Fnwn">προγόνων</w>.

" <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxaire">ἔχαιρε</w>, <w lemma="qewrw%3Dn">θεωρῶν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%5Cn">ὁρμὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29podoxh%5Cn">ἀποδοχὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="meiraki%2Fou">μειρακίου</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dihporei%3Dto">διηπορεῖτο</w>, <w lemma="lamba%2Fnwn">λαμβάνων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="nw%3D%7C">νῷ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28peroxh%5Cn">ὑπεροχὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="eu%29kairi%2Fan">εὐκαιρίαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w>.

<w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2F">ἀπό</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqomologh%2Fsews">ἀνθομολογήσεως</w> <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="meira%2Fkion">μειράκιον</w> <w lemma="e%29xwri%2Fsqh">ἐχωρίσθη</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Apolubi%2Fou">Πολυβίου</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="deu%2Ftera">δεύτερα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnou">ἐκείνου</w> <w lemma="sumperifora%3Ds">συμπεριφορᾶς</w>.

Polybius was surprised at the way in which the young man opened the conversation; for he was then not more than eighteen years old.

"For goodness' sake, Scipio," he said, "don't talk in that way, or get any such notion into your head.

I don't, I assure you, do this because I have a low opinion of you or ignore you, but because your brother is your senior. I both begin conversation with him and finish with him, and as for any explanations and advice, I address myself especially to him in the belief that your opinions are the same as his.

However, now I admire you when you say that you are pained to think that you are of a milder character than becomes members of his family; for that shows that you have a high spirit.

I myself would be delighted to do all in my power to help you to speak and act in a way worthy of your ancestors.

For as those studies which I see now occupy and interest you, you will be in no want of those ready to help both of you;

so great is the crowd of such men that I see flocking here from Greece at present.

But as regards what you say now troubles you I don't think you could find anyone more efficient than myself to forward your effort and help you."

Before Polybius ceased speaking, Scipio, grasping his their hand in both his own and pressing it warmly, said: "Would I could see the day on which you, regarding nothing else as of higher importance, would devote your attention to me and join your life with mine;

for then I shall at once feel myself to be worthy of my house and my forefathers."

Polybius was on the one hand very happy to see the enthusiasm and affection of the young man, yet was embarrassed when he reflected on the high position of the family and the wealth of its members.

However, after this mutual explanation the young man never left his side, and preferred his society to anything else.

Walbank Commentary

Overview

31.22.1 - 31.30.4

On Aemilius Paullus and Scipio Aemilianus This long digression (cf. 30. 4) from exc. de uirt. et uit. and de sent. (25. 5) belongs to res Italiae of Ol. 154, 4 = 161/0, and was probably introduced in connection with Aemilius Paullus' death (in 160); see pp. 36–37. It is likely to have been written after Scipio's death in 129 <milestone unit="page" n="492">[492]</milestone> (cf. xviii. 35 n.) and inserted in this book at this convenient point. xviii. 36. 1, which foreshadows it, will also be a later insertion (cf. xviii. 35 n.); see 22. 4 n. On the contents see Diod. xxxi. 26. 1–27. 8. On the several problems of inheritance raised here see G. Boyer, RIDA, 1950 ( = Mlanges de Visscher, iii), 171–87, 'Le droit successoral romain dans les uvres de Polybe'.

31.23.6 - 31.25.1

the beginning of close friendship between P. and Scipio. This passage fulfils the second part of P.'s promise (23. 3), to describe the growth of his friendship with Scipio; the first half, the account of Scipio's rise to fame, is fulfilled in 25. 2–30. 4. P. devotes 23. 6–24. 11 to the beginning of the friendship; its development is treated summarily in 24. 12–25. 1. P. Friedinder, AJP, 1945, 337–48, argues that P.'s account of the encounter with Scipio is depicted in terms which owe much to Plato's Greater Alcibiades. In his favour are several apparent parallels of phrasing, which will be mentioned ad loc. But P.'s acquaintance with this dialogue seems unlikely, and the suggested parallel between Scipio and Alcibiades would hardly be likely to appeal to the former, whatever he thought of P. identifying himself with Socrates. In fact, there are many difficulties in both comparisons and Friedlnder concedes (AJP, 1945, 341) that the 'harmony is to a high degree one of opposites'not least since Alcibiades was destined to be 'the most brilliant figure of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> and its destroyer'. Friedlnder's theory is just possible; but I do not myself believe it, and Momigliano, Atti Acc. Torino, 1972–3, 695, is also dubious. See, however, Ziegler, RE, 'Polybios (1)', col. 1459 n. 1.

Specifics

31.24.1 - 31.24.1

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">οὐ . . . πλέον ἐτῶν ὀκτωκαίδεκα</w>:</emph> cf. Diod. xxxi. 26. 5 (referring this inaccurately to the year of Aemilius Paullus' death). Scipio's birth can be dated with some certainty to 185. If the detainees were released late in 150, in the seventeenth year of their detention (cf. xxxv. 6 n.), P. arrived in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> in 167 or 166; and since Livy mentions the detainees' arrival with Aemilius Paullus, and since he triumphed 1111, 111, prid. k. decem. of A.U.C. DXXC〈VI〉 (calculated from 752) i.e. early September 167 (Julian) (cf. De Sanctis, iv. 1. 351 n. 301; Derow, Phoenix, 1973, 355), the year must be 167. (In the Fasti tr. the year has to be emended, but it can hardly be DXXC〈VII〉, since Aemilius will not have delayed his triumph until the autumn of 166.) According to Livy, xliv. 44. 3, Scipio was in his seventeenth year at the time of the battle of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pydna&groupId=919&placeId=1647">Pydna</a>, i.e. 22 June 168 (4 Sept. by the Roman calendar; cf. xxix. 16. 1–3 n.); Diodorus (xxx. 22) has <w lang="el-GR">περὶ</w> 〈<w lang="el-GR">τὸ</w>〉 <w lang="el-GR">ἑπταικαδέκατον γεγονὼς ἔτος</w>. These figures are consistent and suggest that Scipio was born in 185. According to Cicero, de re pub. vi. 12, he had completed or almost completed his fifty-sixth year shortly after the feriae Latinae (which were variable in date, but probably still held in the early part of the year) of 129 (cf. Astin, 245 n. 1), and this also points to 185 rather than 184 (as Mnzer assumed: see xviii. 35. 6 n.). The evidence of Schol. Bob. Mil. p. 118 Stangl and Vell. ii. 4. 6 is inconclusive. See for discussion Pdech, Mthode, 324 n. 55; Astin, 245–7. <milestone unit="page" n="497">[497]</milestone>

31.24.3 - 31.24.3

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἔν</w></emph> 〈 <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τν</w></emph> 〉 <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ταῖς ἀποφά?σεσι καὶ συμβουλίαις</w>:</emph> <w lang="el-GR">ἀποφάσεις</w> can be 'statements' or 'replies' (so Mauersberger); if the latter, the nuance may be 'in replying to questions and in proffering advice'.

31.24.4 - 31.24.4

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐκ ταύτης τῆς οἰκὶας</w>:</emph> the Cornelii Scipiones (not the Aemilii Paulli). <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">δῆλος γὰρ . . μέγα φρονῶν</w>:</emph> 'for this shows you have a high spirit'; the phrase suggests a generous mind <w lang="el-GR">(μεγαλόφρων</w>, magnanimus), and here implies that Scipio possesses a proper ambition. Astin, 20 n. 1, takes the meaning to be 'that Scipio is shown to be concerned about matters which are really worth while', and translates 'you have a serious mind'. This does not quite render the aristocratic note sounded by <w lang="el-GR">μέγα φρονεῖν</w>. Friedlnder, AJP, 1945, 342, thinks the phrase echoes Plato, I Alcibiades, 104 C, where Socrates, after listing Alcibiades' advantages, adds that although he is also rich, <w lang="el-GR">δοκεῖς δέ μοι ἐπὶ τούτῳ ἥκιστα μέγα φρονεῖν</w>. But Plato's use of <w lang="el-GR">μέγα φρονεῖν</w> is quite different from P.'s, and the rhythmical echo (broken in any case by <w lang="el-GR">ἥκιστα)</w> may well be coincidental, especially since <w lang="el-GR">μέγα φρονεῖν ἐπί</w> is a common combination. The parallel seems dubious and without significance.

31.24.6 - 31.24.6

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">περὶ μὲν γὰρ τὰ μαθήματα κτλ</w>.:</emph> the studies which occupied Scipio and Fabius, and in which many of the Greeks at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> could be of help, are not defined; but they are evidently Greek, and may be the subject of the books which had been read and discussed (23. 4). Here P. contrasts them with the moral direction and training for politics which he now offers Scipio as something in which he excels others (cf. Astin, 339 n. A); P. has no reference to training Scipio in philosophy (cf. 25. 2–29. 12 n.).

31.24.7 - 31.24.7

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πολὺ . . . φῦλον ἀπὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος</w>:</emph> not only the detainees, but the many Greeks coming as slaves or peregrini; von Scala, 297, suggests an echo in Cic. de re pub. ii. 34, but the reference there is to regal, not second-century, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>.

31.24.8 - 31.24.8

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">εἰς δὲ τὰ λυποῦντὰ σε</w>:</emph> cf. 23. 11–12. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">μηδένα συναγωνιστὴν καὶ συνεργὸν . . . ἐπιτηδειότερον</w>:</emph> Friedlnder, AJP, 1945, 342, sees a parallel in Plato, Symp. 218 D, where Alcibiades says to Socrates <w lang="el-GR">τούτου δὲ οἶμαί μοι συλλήπτορα οὐδένα κυριώτερον εἶναι σοῦ</w>; and he compares in general the situation in I Alcibiades. But in the latter Socrates' assertion that Alcibiades cannot attain his goal without his help is ironical. The parallel seems forced and unconvincing.

31.24.9 - 31.24.9

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πάντα τἄλλα δεύτρα θέμενος</w>:</emph> the phrase, repeated in § 12, was perhaps Scipio's own. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">μετ</w>f <w lang="el-GR">ἐμοῦ συμβιώσεις</w>:</emph> perhaps implying residence in Scipio's house.

31.24.10 - 31.24.10

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">αὐτόθεν εὐθέως</w>:</emph> 'from that very moment'; the exaggeration adds vividness <w lang="el-GR">(ἐνέργεια)</w> to the passage.

31.24.11 - 31.24.11

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὰ δὲ διηπορεῖτο</w>:</emph> his embarrassment sprang from his apprecia- <milestone unit="page" n="498">[498]</milestone> tion of the difference in rank and fortune between the Greek detainee and the heir of a distinguished patrician gens, and of the sort of relationship possible between them. Though P. represents it as a close friendshipand this need not be doubtedin Roman eyes it must have been a relationship of patronus and cliens.

Polybius, Histories

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