Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 30 - Chapter 7

1
<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fws">Περσέως</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w>. <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fkastoi">ἕκαστοι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29xei%2Frisan">ἐχείρισαν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="skopei%3Dn">σκοπεῖν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frestin">πάρεστιν</w>.
2
<w lemma="mete%2Frriyan">μετέρριψαν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fa">Περσέα</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Amolottw%3Dn">Μολοττῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fnous">Ἀντίνους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeo%2Fdotos">Θεόδοτος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ake%2Ffalos">Κέφαλος</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn:">αὐτῶν·</w>
3
<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29ntipeso%2Fntwn">ἀντιπεσόντων</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolai%3Ds">ἐπιβολαῖς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerw%3Ds">ὁλοσχερῶς</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fntos">περιστάντος</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="suneggi%2Fzontos">συνεγγίζοντος</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deinou%3D">δεινοῦ</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="o%28mo%2Fse">ὁμόσε</w> <w lemma="xwrh%2Fsantes">χωρήσαντες</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="parou%3Dsin">παροῦσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fqanon">ἀπέθανον</w> <w lemma="gennai%2Fws">γενναίως</w>.
4
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fcion">ἄξιον</w> <w lemma="e%29painei%3Dn">ἐπαινεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="proe%2Fsqai">προέσθαι</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="periidei%3Dn">περιιδεῖν</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%29naci%2Fan">ἀναξίαν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29mpeso%2Fntas">ἐμπεσόντας</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftos">προγεγονότος</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fou">βίου</w>.
5
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axai+%2Fa%7C">Ἀχαΐᾳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqettaloi%3Ds">Θετταλοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aperraiboi%3Ds">Περραιβοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsxon">ἔσχον</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fan">αἰτίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28suxi%2Fan">ἡσυχίαν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29fedreu%2Fontes">ἐφεδρεύοντες</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fronou%3Dntes">φρονοῦντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fws">Περσέως</w>.
6
<w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsw%7C">μέσῳ</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dton">τοιοῦτον</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fbalon">ἐξέβαλον</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="gra%2Ffontes">γράφοντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="diapempo%2Fmenoi">διαπεμπόμενοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fa">Περσέα</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="e%29fwra%2Fqhsan">ἐφωράθησαν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="diefu%2Flacan">διεφύλαξαν</w> <w lemma="a%29nepilh%2Fptous">ἀνεπιλήπτους</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%2Fs">ἑαυτούς</w>.
7
<w lemma="toigarou%3Dn">τοιγαροῦν</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%2Ftws">εἰκότως</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dikaiologi%2Fan">δικαιολογίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fsin">κρίσιν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmenon">ὑπέμενον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%2Flegxon">ἐξήλεγχον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas:">ἐλπίδας·</w>
8
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flatto%2Fn">ἔλαττόν</w> <w lemma="e%29stin">ἐστιν</w> <w lemma="a%29genni%2Fas">ἀγεννίας</w> <w lemma="shmei%3Don">σημεῖον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="suneido%2Fta">συνειδότα</w> <w lemma="moxqhro%5Cn">μοχθηρὸν</w> <w lemma="proeca%2Fgein">προεξάγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="zh%3Dn">ζῆν</w> <w lemma="au%28to%2Fn">αὑτόν</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ntipoliteuome%2Fnwn">ἀντιπολιτευομένων</w> <w lemma="a%29nata%2Fseis">ἀνατάσεις</w> <w lemma="kataplage%2Fnta">καταπλαγέντα</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kratou%2Fntwn">κρατούντων</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fan">ἐξουσίαν</w>, <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kaqh%3Dkon">καθῆκον</w> <w lemma="filozwei%3Dn">φιλοζωεῖν</w>.
9
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Akai%5C">Καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ro%2Fdw%7C">Ῥόδῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akw%3D%7C">Κῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fosin">πλείοσιν</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frais">ἑτέραις</w> <w lemma="po%2Flesin">πόλεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fnonto%2F">ἐγένοντό</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="fronou%3Dntes">φρονοῦντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fws">Περσέως</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29qa%2Frroun">ἐθάρρουν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fois">ἰδίοις</w> <w lemma="politeu%2Fmasi">πολιτεύμασι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kathgorei%3Dn">κατηγορεῖν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="suni%2Fstasqai">συνίστασθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fa">Περσέα</w> <w lemma="koinopragi%2Fan">κοινοπραγίαν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="dunhqe%2Fntes">δυνηθέντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="metarri%3Dyai">μεταρρῖψαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="politeu%2Fmata">πολιτεύματα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w>.
10
<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifane%2Fstatoi">ἐπιφανέστατοι</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akw%2F%7Cois">Κῴοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ippo%2Fkritos">Ἱππόκριτος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Adiome%2Fdwn">Διομέδων</w> <w lemma="a%29del">ἀδελ</w>
My present object, then, is to inquire how each of these classes handled their respective situations.
Antinous, Theodotus, and Cephalus the Molottians involved themselves and their country in alliance with Perseus; and when facts fell out in a manner entirely adverse to their projects, when they stood in imminent danger, and the day of retribution was at hand, they all faced the situation and perished bravely.
We should therefore very properly praise these men for not abandoning their principles and permitting themselves to adopt a principle that would give the lie to their previous life.
Again in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Achaea&groupId=272&placeId=533">Achaea</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Thessaly&groupId=1028&placeId=1816">Thessaly</a>, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Perrhaebia&groupId=870&placeId=1569">Perrhaebia</a> numerous men were accused, owing to their inaction, of awaiting the development of circumstances and being favourably inclined to Perseus;
but they were never convicted of having given expression to such sentiments either by writing to Perseus or communicating with him about any matter, and they gave no handle to anyone to accuse them.
They were therefore justified in standing on their defence in submitting to trial, and employing every means to save themselves;
for to put an end to one's life when one is not conscious of having done anything unworthy simply from fear of the threats of political opponents or the power of the conquerors is no less a sign of cowardice than to cling to life at the sacrifice of honour.
But again in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhodes&groupId=931&placeId=1665">Rhodes</a>, in Cos, and in several other cities there were some among those who sided with Perseus who had the courage to speak about the Macedonians in their cities, to accuse the Romans and to recommend unity of action with Perseus, but who proved incapable of persuading their countries to ally themselves with the king.
Of these men the most distinguished in Cos were the brothers Hippocritus and Diomedon, and in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhodes&groupId=931&placeId=1665">Rhodes</a> Deinon and Polyaratus.