Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 87

1
<w lemma="u+pa%2Frxon">ϋπάρχον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="mi%3Dsos">μῖσος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmfuton">ἔμφυτον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>. <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="katastratopedeu%2Fsas">καταστρατοπεδεύσας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan">Ἀδρίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fra%7C">χώρᾳ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="gennh%2Fmata">γεννήματα</w> <w lemma="diaferou%2Fsh%7C">διαφερούσῃ</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flhn">μεγάλην</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nalh%2Fyews">ἀναλήψεως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qerapei%2Fas">θεραπείας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dtton">ἧττον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w>.
2
<w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="u%28pai%2Fqrou">ὑπαίθρου</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="paraxeimasi%2Fas">παραχειμασίας</w> <w lemma="gegenhme%2Fnhs">γεγενημένης</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Agalati%2Fan">Γαλατίαν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpois">τόποις</w>, <w lemma="u%28po%2F">ὑπό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="yu%2Fxous">ψύχους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29nhleiyi%2Fas">ἀνηλειψίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28lw%3Dn">ἑλῶν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fas">πορείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="talaipwri%2Fas">ταλαιπωρίας</w> <w lemma="e%29pegego%2Fnei">ἐπεγεγόνει</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpasi">ἅπασι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppois">ἵπποις</w>, <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29ndra%2Fsin">ἀνδράσιν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmenos">λεγόμενος</w> <w lemma="limo%2Fywros">λιμόψωρος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fth">τοιαύτη</w> <w lemma="kaxeci%2Fa">καχεξία</w>.
3
<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenos">γενόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29gkrath%5Cs">ἐγκρατὴς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="eu%29dai%2Fmonos">εὐδαίμονος</w> <w lemma="e%29swmatopoi%2Fhse">ἐσωματοποίησε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppous">ἵππους</w>, <w lemma="a%29nekth%2Fsato">ἀνεκτήσατο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%2F">τά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="sw%2Fmata">σώματα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="yuxa%5Cs">ψυχὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stratiwtw%3Dn:">στρατιωτῶν·</w> <w lemma="metakaqw%2Fplise">μετακαθώπλισε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbuas">Λίβυας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai+ko%5Cn">Ῥωμαϊκὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="e%29klektoi%3Ds">ἐκλεκτοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="gegonw%5Cs">γεγονὼς</w> <w lemma="ku%2Frios">κύριος</w> <w lemma="tosou%2Ftwn">τοσούτων</w> <w lemma="sku%2Flwn">σκύλων</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29cape%2Fsteile">ἐξαπέστειλε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="diasafh%2Fsontas">διασαφήσοντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fna">Καρχηδόνα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Ftwn:">γεγονότων·</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fyato">ἥψατο</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w>, <w lemma="a%29f%27">ἀφ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29sbolh%5Cn">εἰσβολὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsantes">ἀκούσαντες</w> <w lemma="megalei%2Fws">μεγαλείως</w> <w lemma="e%29xa%2Frhsan">ἐχάρησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29poiou%3Dnto">ἐποιοῦντο</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="e%29pikourei%3Dn">ἐπικουρεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fa%7C">Ἰταλίᾳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fa%7C">Ἰβηρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dikta%2Ftora">δικτάτορα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsthsan">κατέστησαν</w> <w lemma="%2Ako%2Finton">Κόιντον</w> <w lemma="%2Afa%2Fbion">Φάβιον</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fronh%2Fsei">φρονήσει</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Fronta">διαφέροντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pefuko%2Fta">πεφυκότα</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w>. <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="gou%3Dn">γοῦν</w> <w lemma="e%29pekalou%3Dnto">ἐπεκαλοῦντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fcimoi">Μάξιμοι</w>, <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsti">ἔστι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgistoi">μέγιστοι</w>, <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnou">ἐκείνου</w> <w lemma="ta%29ndro%5Cs">τἀνδρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29pituxi%2Fas">ἐπιτυχίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dikta%2Ftwr">δικτάτωρ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="diafora%5Cn">διαφορὰν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftwn:">ὑπάτων·</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftwn">ὑπάτων</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frw%7C">ἑκατέρῳ</w> <w lemma="dw%2Fdeka">δώδεκα</w> <w lemma="pele%2Fkeis">πελέκεις</w> <w lemma="a%29kolouqou%3Dsi">ἀκολουθοῦσι</w>,
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fkosi">εἴκοσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="te%2Fttares">τέτταρες</w>, <w lemma="ka%29kei%3Dnoi">κἀκεῖνοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="polloi%3Ds">πολλοῖς</w> <w lemma="prosde%2Fontai">προσδέονται</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftou">συγκλήτου</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="suntelei%3Dn">συντελεῖν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibola%2Fs">ἐπιβολάς</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w> <w lemma="au%29tokra%2Ftwr">αὐτοκράτωρ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%2Fs">στρατηγός</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="katastaqe%2Fntos">κατασταθέντος</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fesqai">διαλύεσθαι</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dhma%2Frxwn">δημάρχων</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="a%29kribeste%2Fran">ἀκριβεστέραν</w> <w lemma="poihso%2Fmeqa">ποιησόμεθα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="diastolh%2Fn">διαστολήν</w>. <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="dikta%2Ftori">δικτάτορι</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsthsan">κατέστησαν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppa%2Frxhn">ἱππάρχην</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Frkon">Μάρκον</w> <w lemma="%2Aminu%2Fkion">Μινύκιον</w>. <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="te%2Ftaktai">τέτακται</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29tokra%2Ftora">αὐτοκράτορα</w>, <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28onei%5C">οἱονεὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fdoxos">διάδοχος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnou">ἐκείνου</w> <w lemma="perispasmoi%3Ds">περισπασμοῖς</w>.
He now encamped near the Adriatic in a country abounding in all kinds of produce, and paid great attention to recruiting the health of his men as well as his horses by proper treatment.
In consequence of the cold from which they had sufficient while wintering in the open land of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a>, combined with their being unable to get the friction with oil to which they were accustomed, and owing also to the hardships of the subsequent march through the marshes, nearly all the horses as well as the men had been attacked by so‑called "hunger-mange" and its evil results.
So that, now he was in occupation of such a rich country, he built up his horses and restored the physical and mental condition of his men. He also re-armed the Africans in the Roman fashion with select weapons, being, as he now was, in possession of a very large quantity of captured arms.
He also sent at this time messengers to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> by sea with the news of what had happened, this being the first time he had come in touch with the sea since he invaded <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>.
The news was received with great rejoicing by the Carthaginians, who hastened to take steps to support in every possible manner the two campaigns in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> and in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Spain&groupId=983&placeId=1735">Spain</a>.
The Romans had appointed as Dictator Quintus Fabius, a man of admirable judgement and great natural gifts, so much so that still in my own day the members of this family bear the name of Maximus, "Greatest," owing to the achievements and success of this man.
A dictator differs from the Consuls in these respects, that while each of the Consuls is attended by twelve lictors, the Dictator has twenty-four,
and that while the Consuls require in my matters the co-operation of the Senate, the Dictator is a general with absolute powers, all the magistrates in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, except the Tribunes, ceasing to hold office on his appointment.
However, I will deal with this subject in greater detail later. At the same time they appointed Marcus Minucius Master of the Horse. The Master of the Horse is subordinate to the Dictator but becomes as it were his successor when the Dictator is otherwise occupied.