Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 86

1
<w lemma="%2Akata%5C">Κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Agna%2Fios">Γνάιος</w> <w lemma="%2Aseroui%2Flios">Σερουίλιος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="prokaqh%2Fmenos">προκαθήμενος</w> <w lemma="u%28%2Fpatos">ὕπατος</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ari%2Fminon">Ἀρίμινον</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> —
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<w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29si%5Cn">εἰσὶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan">Ἀδρίαν</w> <w lemma="pleura%3Ds">πλευρᾶς</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="suna%2Fptei">συνάπτει</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Agalatika%5C">Γαλατικὰ</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fa">πεδία</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhn">ἄλλην</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="makra%5Cn">μακρὰν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="e%29kbolh%3Ds">ἐκβολῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdou">Πάδου</w> <w lemma="stoma%2Ftwn">στομάτων</w> —
3
<w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsas">ἀκούσας</w> <w lemma="ei%29sbeblhko%2Fta">εἰσβεβληκότα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Aturrhni%2Fan">Τυρρηνίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ntistratopedeu%2Fein">ἀντιστρατοπεδεύειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Aflamini%2Fw%7C">Φλαμινίῳ</w>, <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Fleto">ἐπεβάλετο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdois">στρατοπέδοις</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="suna%2Fptein">συνάπτειν</w>, <w lemma="a%29dunatw%3Dn">ἀδυνατῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stratia%3Ds">στρατιᾶς</w> <w lemma="ba%2Fros">βάρος</w> <w lemma="%2Aga%2Fion">Γάιον</w> <w lemma="%2Akenth%2Fnion">Κεντήνιον</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="dou%5Cs">δοὺς</w> <w lemma="tetrakisxili%2Fous">τετρακισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="proecape%2Fsteile">προεξαπέστειλε</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="de%2Foinq%27">δέοινθ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="kairoi%2F">καιροί</w>, <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fas">παρουσίας</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="katataxei%3Dn">καταταχεῖν</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="prosaggelqei%2Fshs">προσαγγελθείσης</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="bohqei%2Fas">βοηθείας</w>, <w lemma="e%29caposte%2Fllei">ἐξαποστέλλει</w> <w lemma="%2Amaa%2Frban">Μαάρβαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxonta">ἔχοντα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="logxofo%2Frous">λογχοφόρους</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumpeso%2Fntes">συμπεσόντες</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aga%2Fion">Γάιον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3D%7C">αὐτῇ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="prw%2Fth%7C">πρώτῃ</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%3D%7C">συμπλοκῇ</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseis">ἡμίσεις</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffqeiran">διέφθειραν</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipou%5Cs">λοιποὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fs">εἴς</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w> <w lemma="sundiw%2Fcantes">συνδιώξαντες</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fdas">πόδας</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fra%7C">ἡμέρᾳ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flabon">ἔλαβον</w> <w lemma="u%28poxeiri%2Fous">ὑποχειρίους</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w>, <w lemma="tritai%2Fas">τριταίας</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fshs">οὔσης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="prosaggeli%2Fas">προσαγγελίας</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fqous">πάθους</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="w%28sanei%5C">ὡσανεὶ</w> <w lemma="flegmai%2Fnontos">φλεγμαίνοντος</w>, <w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγενομένης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="peripetei%2Fas">περιπετείας</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhton">σύγκλητον</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="diatraph%3Dnai">διατραπῆναι</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fntes">παρέντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29niauto%5Cn">ἐνιαυτὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29gwgh%5Cn">ἀγωγὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ai%28%2Fresin">αἵρεσιν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxo%2Fntwn">ἀρχόντων</w> <w lemma="meizo%2Fnws">μειζόνως</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flonto">ἐπεβάλοντο</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fesqai">βουλεύεσθαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%2Ftwn">ἐνεστώτων</w>, <w lemma="nomi%2Fzontes">νομίζοντες</w> <w lemma="au%29tokra%2Ftoros">αὐτοκράτορος</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dsqai">δεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="periestw%3Dtas">περιεστῶτας</w> <w lemma="kairou%2Fs">καιρούς</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="katateqarrhkw%5Cs">κατατεθαρρηκὼς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="suneggi%2Fzein">συνεγγίζειν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paro%5Cn">παρὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29pedoki%2Fmasen">ἀπεδοκίμασεν</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="e%29piporeuo%2Fmenos">ἐπιπορευόμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29dew%3Ds">ἀδεῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29po%2Frqei">ἐπόρθει</w>, <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan">Ἀδρίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="dianu%2Fsas">διανύσας</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fombrwn">Ὄμβρων</w> <w lemma="kaloume%2Fnhn">καλουμένην</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Apike%2Fntwn">Πικέντων</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dken">ἧκεν</w> <w lemma="dekatai%3Dos">δεκαταῖος</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan">Ἀδρίαν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w>,
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<w lemma="pollh%3Ds">πολλῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fas">λείας</w> <w lemma="gegonw%5Cs">γεγονὼς</w> <w lemma="e%29gkrath%2Fs">ἐγκρατής</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mh%2Ft%27">μήτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgein">ἄγειν</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="w%29felei%2Fas">ὠφελείας</w>, <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpwn">ἀνθρώπων</w> <w lemma="a%29pektagkw%5Cs">ἀπεκταγκὼς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="di%2Fodon:">δίοδον·</w>
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<w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w> <w lemma="katalh%2Fyesi">καταλήψεσι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="para%2Fggelma%2F">παράγγελμά</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="dedome%2Fnon">δεδομένον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="foneu%2Fein">φονεύειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28popi%2Fptontas">ὑποπίπτοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="h%28liki%2Fais">ἡλικίαις</w>. <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fei">ἐποίει</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pro">προ</w>
At the time of the battle Gnaeus Servilius, the Consul in command in the district of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ariminum&groupId=362&placeId=691">Ariminum</a> (the district that is on the coast of the Adriatic where the plain of Cisalpine <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a> joins the rest of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> not far from the mouth of the river Po), hearing that Hannibal had invaded <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Etruria&groupId=582&placeId=1089">Etruria</a> and was encamped opposite Flaminius, formed the project of joining the latter with his whole army, but as this was impossible owing to the weight of his forces he dispatched Gaius Cenetenius at once in advance, giving him four thousand horse, intending them, if the situation were critical, to press on and arrive before himself. When, after the battle, news reached Hannibal of the approach of these reinforcements, he sent off Maharbal with the pikemen and part of the cavalry. Encountering Gaius, they killed about half of his force in their first attack, and pursuing the others to a hill, made them all prisoners on the following day. Three days after the news of the great battle had reached <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, and just when throughout the city the sore, so to speak, was most violently inflamed, came the tidings of this fresh disaster, and now not only the populace but the Senate too were thrown into consternation. Abandoning therefore the system of government by magistrates elected annually they decided to deal with the present situation more radically, thinking that the state of affairs and the impending peril demanded the appointment of a single general with full powers.
Hannibal, now fully assured of success, dismissed the idea of approaching <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> for the present, but began to ravage the country unmolested, advancing towards the Adriatic. Passing through Umbria and Picenum he reached the coast on the tenth day, having possessed himself of so large an amount that his army could not drive or carry it all off and having killed a number of people on his road. For, as at the capture of cities by assault, the order had been given to put to the sword all adults who fell into their hands, Hannibal acting thus owing to his inveterate hatred of the Romans.