Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 29

1
<w lemma="%2Ata%5C">Τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="r%28hqe%2Fnta">ῥηθέντα</w> <w lemma="dedhlw%2Fkamen">δεδηλώκαμεν</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmena">λεγόμενα</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="e%29rou%3Dmen:">ἐροῦμεν·</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%2Fsanto">ἐχρήσαντο</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Azakanqai%2Fwn">Ζακανθαίων</w> <w lemma="a%29pwlei%2Fa%7C">ἀπωλείᾳ</w> <w lemma="qumo%2Fn:">θυμόν·</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgetai">λέγεται</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>.
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<w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fban">Ἀσδρούβαν</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnas">γενομένας</w> <w lemma="o%28mologi%2Fas">ὁμολογίας</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29qethte%2Fon">ἀθετητέον</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29qa%2Frroun:">ἐθάρρουν·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="prose%2Fkeito">προσέκειτο</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="prosέkeito">προσέκειτο</w>, <w lemma="kaqάper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Alutatίou">Λυτατίου</w>, <w lemma="“kurίas">“κυρίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="taύtas">ταύτας</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="dήmw%7C">δήμῳ</w> <w lemma="dόch%7C">δόξῃ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmaίwn:”">Ῥωμαίων·”</w> <w lemma="a%29ll’">ἀλλ’</w> <w lemma="au%29totelw%3Ds">αὐτοτελῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29poiήsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="o%28mologίas">ὁμολογίας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdroύbas">Ἀσδρούβας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ai%28%3Ds">αἷς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>, <w lemma="“to%5Cn">“τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fibhra">Ἴβηρα</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="diabaίnein">διαβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polέmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdonίous”">Καρχηδονίους”</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikelίan">Σικελίαν</w> <w lemma="sunqήkais">συνθήκαις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fggrapton">ἔγγραπτον</w>, <w lemma="kaqάper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="ka%29kei%3Dnoί">κἀκεῖνοί</w> <w lemma="fasin">φασιν</w>, <w lemma="“u%28pάrxein">“ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29mfotέrwn">ἀμφοτέρων</w> <w lemma="summάxois">συμμάχοις</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par’">παρ’</w> <w lemma="e%28katέrwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="a%29sfάleian”">ἀσφάλειαν”</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="mόnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="tόte">τότε</w> <w lemma="summaxou%3Dsi">συμμαχοῦσι</w>, <w lemma="kaqάper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29poiou%3Dnto">ἐποιοῦντο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w>
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<w lemma="e%29kdoxh%5Cn">ἐκδοχὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdόnioi:">Καρχηδόνιοι·</w>
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<w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fteron">οὐδέτερον</w> <w lemma="e%29gra%2Ffh">ἐγράφη</w>, <w lemma="profane%5Cs">προφανὲς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsi">οὖσι</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="proslhfqhsome%2Fnois">προσληφθησομένοις</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntws">πάντως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%5Cs">εἰκὸς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="do%2Fceien">δόξειεν</w>. <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dh%2Fpou">δήπου</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmellon">ἔμελλον</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsesqai">ποιήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%29felou%3Dntai">ἀφελοῦνται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fan">ἐξουσίαν</w> <w lemma="sfw%3Dn">σφῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="proslamba%2Fnein">προσλαμβάνειν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="kairou%2Fs">καιρούς</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="e%29pith%2Fdeioi">ἐπιτήδειοι</w> <w lemma="fanw%3Dsin">φανῶσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="fi%2Floi">φίλοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmmaxoi">σύμμαχοι</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="proslabo%2Fntes">προσλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fran">σφετέραν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="perio%2Fyesqai">περιόψεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2F">ὑπό</w> <w lemma="tinwn">τινων</w> <w lemma="a%29dikoume%2Fnous:">ἀδικουμένους·</w>
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<w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frwn">ἀμφοτέρων</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fxon">συνέχον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29nnoi%2Fas">ἐννοίας</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkais">συνθήκαις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frois">ἀμφοτέροις</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="a%29fe%2Fcesqai">ἀφέξεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frous">ἑτέρους</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frwn">ἑτέρων</w> <w lemma="e%29pide%2Fcesqai%2F">ἐπιδέξεσθαί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w>,
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<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="proslhfqhsome%2Fnwn">προσληφθησομένων</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w>, <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="cenologei%3Dn">ξενολογεῖν</w> <w lemma="mh%2Ft%27">μήτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pita%2Fttein">ἐπιτάττειν</w> <w lemma="mhdete%2Frous">μηδετέρους</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="e%29parxi%2Fais">ἐπαρχίαις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fais">συμμαχίαις</w>, <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w>.
I have already stated what the Carthaginians alleged, and will now give the reply of the Romans — a reply indeed which they did not make at the time owing to their indignation at the loss of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a>, but it has been given on many occasions and by many different people at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>. In the first place they contend that the treaty with Hasdrubal should not be ignored, as the Carthaginians had the audacity to say; for there was no conditioning clause at the end as in the treaty made by Lutatius: "This treaty shall be valid if the Roman people also agree to it," but Hasdrubal finally and unconditionally made the agreement in which was the clause, "The Carthaginians shall not cross the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ebro&groupId=549&placeId=1031">Ebro</a> in arms." Again, in the treaty about <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a> there was, as the Carthaginians admit, the clause: "The allies of either party are to be secure from attack by the other," and this does not mean "those who were allies at that time," as the Carthaginians interpret it; for in that case there would have been a further clause to the effect that neither party should enter into other alliances than their existing ones or that those subsequently received into alliance should not be admitted to the benefits of the treaty. But since neither of these clauses was appended, it is evident that each party undertook that all allies of the other, both those then existing and those subsequently admitted to alliance, should be secure from attack. This indeed seems a quite reasonable view; for surely they would never have made a treaty by which they deprived themselves of the freedom to admit into alliance from time to time any peoples whose friendship seemed to be of advantage to them, nor, having taken such under their protection, was it to be supposed that they would ignore injuries done to them by certain people. But the chief meaning of the treaty to both parties when they made it was, that they should each leave unmolested the existing allies of the other and in no way admit any of those into their own alliance, whereas, regarding subsequent alliances, to which this clause particularly applies, they undertook not to enlist soldiers or levy contributions in the provinces of each or in countries allied to each, and that all allies of each in general should be secure from attack by the other.