Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 110

1
<w lemma="%2Ath%3D%7C">Τῇ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pau%2Frion">ἐπαύριον</w> <w lemma="a%29nazeu%2Fcantes">ἀναζεύξαντες</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dgon">ἦγον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fkouon">ἤκουον</w> <w lemma="stratopedeu%2Fein">στρατοπεδεύειν</w>. <w lemma="deuterai%3Doi">δευτεραῖοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pibalo%2Fntes">ἐπιβαλόντες</w> <w lemma="parene%2Fbalon">παρενέβαλον</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="penth%2Fkonta">πεντήκοντα</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Fous">σταδίους</w> <w lemma="a%29posxo%2Fntes">ἀποσχόντες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkios">Λεύκιος</w> <w lemma="sunqeasa%2Fmenos">συνθεασάμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29pipe%2Fdous">ἐπιπέδους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="yilou%5Cs">ψιλοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fric">πέριξ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="sumba%2Fllein">συμβάλλειν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppokratou%2Fntwn">ἱπποκρατούντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pispa%3Dsqai">ἐπισπᾶσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proa%2Fgein">προάγειν</w> <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftous">τοιούτους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ple%2Fon">πλέον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezikw%3Dn">πεζικῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh">μάχη</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Agai+%2Fou">Γαΐου</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29peiri%2Fan">ἀπειρίαν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fas">ἐναντίας</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxontos">ὑπάρχοντος</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhs">γνώμης</w>, <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbh%2Fthsis">ἀμφισβήτησις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusxrhsti%2Fa">δυσχρηστία</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnas">ἡγεμόνας</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5C">ἐστὶ</w> <w lemma="sfalerw%2Ftaton">σφαλερώτατον</w>.
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<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fas">ἡγεμονίας</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Agai+%2Fw%7C">Γαΐῳ</w> <w lemma="kaqhkou%2Fshs">καθηκούσης</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29piou%3Dsan">ἐπιοῦσαν</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29qismw%3Dn">ἐθισμῶν</w> <w lemma="metalamba%2Fnein">μεταλαμβάνειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftous">ὑπάτους</w>, <w lemma="a%29nastratopedeu%2Fsas">ἀναστρατοπεδεύσας</w> <w lemma="proh%3Dge">προῆγε</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29ggi%2Fsai">ἐγγίσαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w>, <w lemma="polla%5C">πολλὰ</w> <w lemma="diamarturome%2Fnou">διαμαρτυρομένου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kwlu%2Fontos">κωλύοντος</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleuki%2Fou">Λευκίου</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="a%29nalabw%5Cn">ἀναλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnous">εὐζώνους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%2Fnta">ἀπήντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prospesw%5Cn">προσπεσὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsi">οὖσι</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fcws">παραδόξως</w> <w lemma="suneple%2Fketo">συνεπλέκετο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5Cn">πολὺν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="qo%2Frubon">θόρυβον</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%2Fthn">πρώτην</w> <w lemma="e%29pifora%5Cn">ἐπιφορὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29de%2Fcanto">ἐδέξαντο</w>, <w lemma="proqe%2Fmenoi%2F">προθέμενοί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="bare%2Fsi">βαρέσι</w> <w lemma="kaqoplismoi%3Ds:">καθοπλισμοῖς·</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29kontista%5Cs">ἀκοντιστὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pafe%2Fntes">ἐπαφέντες</w> <w lemma="e%29prote%2Froun">ἐπροτέρουν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhn">ὅλην</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%5Cn">συμπλοκὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29fedreu%2Fein">ἐφεδρεύειν</w> <w lemma="a%29cio%2Flogon">ἀξιόλογον</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="a%29namemigme%2Fnas">ἀναμεμιγμένας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnois">εὐζώνοις</w> <w lemma="o%28mo%2Fse">ὁμόσε</w> <w lemma="kinduneu%2Fein">κινδυνεύειν</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="spei%2Fras">σπείρας</w>.
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<w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγενομένης</w> <w lemma="nukto%5Cs">νυκτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29xwri%2Fsqhsan">ἐχωρίσθησαν</w> <w lemma="a%29p%27">ἀπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fda">ἐλπίδα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29kba%2Fshs">ἐκβάσης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29piqe%2Fsews:">ἐπιθέσεως·</w>
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<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pau%2Frion">ἐπαύριον</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkios">Λεύκιος</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxesqai">μάχεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fnwn">κρίνων</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29pa%2Fgein">ἀπάγειν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalw%3Ds">ἀσφαλῶς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratia%5Cn">στρατιὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenos">δυνάμενος</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="dusi%5C">δυσὶ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fresi">μέρεσι</w> <w lemma="katestratope%2Fdeuse">κατεστρατοπέδευσε</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aau%29%2Ffidon">Αὔφιδον</w> <w lemma="kalou%2Fmenon">καλούμενον</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnos">μόνος</w> <w lemma="diarrei%3D">διαρρεῖ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29apenni%3Dnon">Ἀπεννῖνον</w> —
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<w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fros">ὄρος</w> <w lemma="sunexe%2Fs">συνεχές</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="diei%2Frgei">διείργει</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w> <w lemma="r%28u%2Fseis">ῥύσεις</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aturrhniko%5Cn">Τυρρηνικὸν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flagos">πέλαγος</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan:">Ἀδρίαν·</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="r%28e%2Fonta">ῥέοντα</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aau%29%2Ffidon">Αὔφιδον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="phga%5Cs">πηγὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aturrhniko%5Cn">Τυρρηνικὸν</w> <w lemma="kli%2Fmasi">κλίμασι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w>, <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29kbolh%5Cn">ἐκβολὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan">Ἀδρίαν</w> — <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Ftw%7C">τρίτῳ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fran">πέραν</w>,
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<w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="diaba%2Fsews">διαβάσεως</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29natola%2Fs">ἀνατολάς</w>, <w lemma="e%29ba%2Fleto">ἐβάλετο</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraka">χάρακα</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fas">ἰδίας</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fka">δέκα</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Fous">σταδίους</w> <w lemma="a%29posxw%2Fn">ἀποσχών</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="mikrw%3D%7C">μικρῷ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w>,
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<w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="prokaqh%3Dsqai">προκαθῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fran">πέραν</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="pronomeuo%2Fntwn">προνομευόντων</w>, <w lemma="e%29pikei%3Dsqai">ἐπικεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>.
Next day the Consuls broke up their camp and advanced towards the place where they heard that of the enemy was. Coming in view of them on the second day, they encamped at a distance of about fifty stadia from them.
Aemilius, seeing that the district round was flat and treeless, was opposed to attacking the enemy there as they were superior in cavalry, his advice being to lure them on by advancing into a country where the battle would be decided rather by the infantry.
As Terentius, owing to his inexperience, was of the contrary opinion, difficulties and disputes arose between the generals, one of the most pernicious things possible.
Terentius was in command next day — the two Consuls according to the usual practice commanding on alternate days — and he broke up his camp and advanced with the object of approaching the enemy in spite of Aemilius's strong protests and efforts to prevent him.
Hannibal met him with his light-armed troops and cavalry and surprising him while still on the march disordered the Romans much.
They met, however, the first charge by advancing some of their heavy infantry, and afterwards sending forwards also their javelineers and cavalry got the better in the whole engagement, as the Carthaginians had no considerable covering force, while they themselves had some companies of their legions fighting mixed with the light-armed troops.
The fall of night now made them draw off from each other, the attack of the Carthaginians not having had the success they hoped.
Next day, Aemilius, who neither judged it advisable to fight nor could now withdraw the army in safety, encamped with two-thirds of it on the bank of the river <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Aufidus&groupId=384&placeId=723">Aufidus</a>.
This is the only river which traverses the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Apennines&groupId=343&placeId=664">Apennines</a>, the long chain of mountains separating all the Italian streams, those on one side descending to the Tyrrhenian sea and those on the other to the Adriatic. The <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Aufidus&groupId=384&placeId=723">Aufidus</a>, however, runs right through these mountains, having its source on the side of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> turned to the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Tyrrhenian Sea&groupId=1054&placeId=1856">Tyrrhenian Sea</a> and falling into the Adriatic.
For the remaining portion of his army he fortified a position on the farther side of the river, to the east of the ford, at a distance of about ten stadia from his own camp and rather more from that of the enemy,
intending thus to cover the foraging parties from his main camp across the river and harass those of the Carthaginians.